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Biomedical subjects

R V Yadav

Publications and source records attributed to R V Yadav.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Tuberculous pyomyositis in a renal transplant recipient.

Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients. Although these patients are susceptible to many types of infection, soft tissue infections are rare. We report a case of tuberculous pyomyositis involving the left erector spinae muscle but with no other manifestations of tuberculosis. The diagnosis was suspected from the CT scan appearance and confirmed by microscopy and culture of the pus. Surgical incision and drainage, together with antituberculosis therapy, cured the infection. The relevant literature is briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Psychological assessment of blood related renal donors.

The impact of kidney donation on the psychological health of 31 living related donors was assessed by administering certain psychological tests before and after the operation (for donating the kidney). The results indicated a significant rise in the somatization subscale of the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ) from a mean of 1.61 to 3.23. There was no significant change in the other variables of these instruments or in the locus of control score. Only about one-fourth of the donors had prior knowledge of renal transplant. In almost all cases, the decision to donate had been voluntary and immediate, motivated by a concern for the recipient; there was virtually no second thoughts or regrets subsequently, which was apparently partly related to the opinions of other relatives who positively valued the act of donation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Sigmoid colon conduit urinary diversion in a renal transplant recipient.

Renal allotransplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). With increasing technical expertise, it has been realised that presence of a normal lower urinary tract is not a necessity for transplantation. Advanced genito-urinary tuberculosis frequently leads to a small-capacity bladder. Herein, we present a case of ESRD due to urinary tuberculosis in whom sigmoid colon conduit urinary diversion was carried out. The immunosuppressed status did not increase the complications of a sigmoid colon conduit urinary diversion.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Acute colitis in renal transplant recipients.

Gastrointestinal complications constitute an important cause of morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients. The present communication is based on our experience with 10 living related donor kidney transplant recipients who suffered from severe acute colitis in the posttransplant period. A specific etiological factor was detected in only one (atypical mycobacteria). Six patients succumbed to the illness in the acute stage, thus highlighting its seriousness. Various factors involved in etiology have been discussed, and early therapeutic intervention emphasized.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Brain abscess due to Nocardia.

Cerebral Nocardiosis is a rare disease, usually occurring in immunocompromised hosts. We report here two cases of brain abscess due to Nocardia species-one due to usual N. asteroides and other by uncommon N. caviae. N. asteroides affected the brain in a post renal transplant patient, whereas N. caviae caused infection of brain in an apparently healthy individual. To the best of our knowledge, all the previous cases of brain abscess due to Nocardia caviae have been reported in compromised hosts. Agar dilution antimicrobial testing showed relatively higher resistant pattern in N. asteroides. In spite of antimicrobial therapy, both the patients succumbed, one within 4 days and other after an initial improvement for four weeks due to drainage of abscess.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Benign disease of the common bile duct.

The incidence of common bile duct (CBD) pathology in a group of patients with benign biliary disease (n = 505) was found to be 23.2 per cent. The spectrum included 111 patients (90.2 per cent) with CBD stones, 37 of whom (33.3 per cent) had no symptoms or findings pre-operatively indicating CBD involvement. Five patients had papillary stenosis, three had postoperative CBD strictures, one had a choledochal cyst and one had an external biliary fistula. Of the 100 CBDs measuring more than 10 mm in diameter, 90 harboured calculi. In the remaining 23 CBDs measuring less than 10 mm, calculi were present in 21. The presence of CBD calculi was demonstrated by intra-operative cholangiography in 49 patients. In the remaining patients (n = 74), the diagnosis of CBD pathology was made either by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography, T-tube cholangiography or peroperative palpation. The surgical procedures performed included choledochotomy and T-tube drainage (n = 74), transduodenal sphincteroplasty (n = 27) and choledochoduodenostomy (n = 18). The overall mortality and morbidity of CBD exploration was 3.3 per cent and 24.4 per cent respectively, which was significantly greater than that for cholecystectomy alone (0.3 per cent and 8.6 per cent respectively). Transduodenal sphincteroplasty carried a much higher mortality (11 per cent) and morbidity (52 per cent) when compared with other procedures.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1988

Cyclophosphamide in renal transplantation.

Success in renal transplantation is now largely dependent on safe and effective immunosuppression. Nonspecific immunosuppression by chemical agents continues to be the mainstay of clinical immunosuppression. Azathioprine and prednisolone have remained the two main drugs used in combination in standard immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplantation for many years. Although cyclophosphamide (CP) was tried in the early years of transplantation, enthusiasm for its use was dampened by the advent of newer agents. We have analyzed our experience with 29 recipients of living-related donor (LRD) renal allotransplantation on cyclophosphamide therapy. Cyclophosphamide is a safe and effective alternative to azathioprine in clinical renal allotransplantation. Due to its easy availability and the fact that it is a cheaper alternative to azathioprine and cyclosporine, it is more significant for developing countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Renal allograft rupture and its management.

Rupture of the renal allograft, although a rare complication, was encountered in 11 of our 152 renal transplants. The commonest cause was associated acute rejection. We treated our patients conservatively by repair of the rupture and antirejection therapy. 8 of 11 kidneys could be saved by this method. The patient survival was 8 out of 11. Deaths were unrelated to the graft rupture.

Biopsy↗