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Biomedical subjects

R Vagnozzi

Publications and source records attributed to R Vagnozzi.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Meningiomas of the lateral ventricles. Clinical, neuroradiologic, and surgical considerations in 19 cases.

The clinical and neuroradiologic findings and surgical results in a series of 19 patients with lateral ventricle meningioma, operated on during a 33-year period, are described. This experience is compared with that of previous workers and the following conclusions are drawn: these tumors have no characteristic symptoms; preoperative diagnosis requires both computed tomography scans and carotid and vertebral angiography; the safest surgical approach is through a sagittal or oblique parietooccipital cortical incision to avoid damage to motor, visual, and speech areas of the cortex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Long-term results of the surgical treatment of 129 intramedullary spinal gliomas.

The authors report the late results of surgical treatment of 129 intramedullary gliomas (48 ependymomas, 53 astrocytomas, 13 spongioblastomas, five glioblastomas, one oligodendroglioma, and nine others), with follow-up periods ranging from 1 to 27 years. The value of surgical treatment is considered in relation to postoperative results.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1979

Intracranial meningiomas related to external cranial irradiation.

Three cases are presented of meningiomas following small-dose external cranial irradiation in which several features clearly indicate a causal relationship between radiotherapy and tumour development. In two of them, multiple meningiomas followed X-ray treatment for Tinea capitis. The length of the latent period separates meningiomas following high-dose irradiation, usually administered for intracranial tumours, from those which followed small-dose irradiation. Therefore the oncogenic mechanism seems to act differently in the two groups. This demonstration that multiple meningiomas can occur in patients irradiated for Tinea capitis should enable other similar cases to be recognized.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Infantile craniosynostosis: clinical, radiological, and surgical considerations based on 100 surgically treated cases.

One hundred children affected by craniosynostosis were operated on from January 1952 to February 1977. Forty-six patients were operated on within the first year of life, and only 9 after six years of age. In 27 cases only one cranial suture was synostotic (mostly the coronal: 15 cases). In 36 cases two sutures were involved (mostly coronal plus sagittal: 25 cases). In 28 cases all the cranial sutures were involved. Also included in this series are seven cases of Crouzon's, one of Apert's, and one of Carpenter's syndromes. The clinical, radiological, and surgical features of this condition are discussed, and the long-term results are reported.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relevance of malondialdehyde as a biochemical index of lipid peroxidation of postischemic tissues in the rat and human beings.

By using a recently developed ion-pairing high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the direct determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) and several other acid-soluble low-mol-wt compounds (ascorbate, oxypurines, nucleosides, nicotinic coenzymes, high-energy phosphates), the variations of tissue and plasma MDA as a function of ischemia and reperfusion were determined in the rat (isolated Langendorff-perfused hearts and short-term incomplete cerebral ischemia) and in human beings (patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction subjected to fibrinolysis). In the rat, the data obtained indicate that, contrary to what had been previously reported in literature, MDA is not present either in control heart or in control brain. Oxygen deprivation induces the production of a low, but detectable amount of MDA in both heart and brain, whereas reperfusion causes a marked increase of MDA in both tissues. In human beings, plasma MDA was deeply affected only in patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction with successful thrombolysis, thus indicating the occurrence of oxygen radical-mediated tissue injury also in humans. On the whole, these results suggest that MDA is a valid biochemical marker of lipid peroxidation of postischemic tissues, which however needs a reliable analytical technique for its determination.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incomplete cerebral ischemia in the rat provokes increase of tissue and plasma malondialdehyde.

Short-term incomplete cerebral ischemia was induced in the rat by bilaterally clamping for 5 min the common carotid arteries; subsequent reperfusion of 10 min was obtained by removing carotid occlusion. At the end of ischemia or reperfusion, animals were sacrificed by decapitation. A control group was represented by sham-operated rats. Peripheral venous blood samples were withdrawn from the femoral vein from rats subjected to cerebral reperfusion 5 min before ischemia, at the end of ischemia, and 10 min after reperfusion. A highly sensitive HPLC method for the direct determination of malondialdehyde, oxypurines, and nucleosides was used on 200 microL of brain tissue and plasma extracts. Incomplete cerebral ischemia induced the appearance of a significant amount of tissue malondialdehyde (undetectable in control animals) and a decrease of ascorbic acid. A further 6.6-fold increase of malondialdehyde and a 18.5% decrease of ascorbic acid occurred after 10 min of reperfusion. Plasma malondialdehyde, which was present in minimal amount before ischemia, significantly increased after 5 min of ischemia, being strikingly augmented after 10 min of reperfusion. A similar trend was observed for oxypurines and nucleosides. From these data, it can be affirmed that tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde and ascorbic acid, and plasma levels of malondialdehyde, oxypurines, and nucleotides, reflect both the oxygen radical-mediated tissue injury and the depression of energy metabolism, thus representing early biochemical markers of short-term incomplete brain ischemia and reperfusion in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antonio Pacchioni (1665-1726): pioneer studies on the dura mater].

Clustering of arachnoid villi along the sagittal sinus gives rise to the so-called "Pacchionian Granulations". These structures were originally described in 1705 by Antonio Pacchioni, an Italian scientist. Born in Reggio Emilia in 1665, he graduated in Medicine in his hometown and later moved to Rome were he built up a successful career by dedicating to medical practice as well as to research and teaching. He became friend and often collaborated with some of the leading scientists of his age: Lancisi, Malpighi and Morgagni among the others. Moreover he carefully followed research developments in Europe as testified by frequent quoting of foreign authors in his works. He devoted himself to the elucidation of structure and function of Dura Mater, often by using new techniques of maceration of anatomic specimens in various fluids. Among Pacchioni's works, the "Dissertatio epistolaris de glandulis conglobatis Durae Meningis humanae" (1705) is particularly well known and contains the first description of arachnoidal granulations. He compared Dura to cardiac muscle and attributed to its "glandulae" (glands) the faculty of secreting lymph for lubrification of the sliding movements between meninges and brain during contractions. He died in Rome in 1726. Three centuries after Pacchioni's death fine structure of arachnoid villi hasn't been fully elucidated; moreover many questions on mechanisms underlying CSF absorption remain unanswered.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occasionally-occurring familial brain tumours (OFBT). Reports of cases and review of the literature.

We use the term "occasionally-occurring familial brain tumours" (OFBT) to designate cases in which more than one member of a family presents a brain tumours outside the range of the clinical syndromes in which CNS cancer heredity is well established. We report our experience of OFBT and review the published work on such cases with special reference to some clinicobiological concordances among affected families. On the evidence we present and on that of several genetic and epidemiologico-statistical studies we are inclined to think that there are genetic factors predisposing to the onset of OFBT.

Adolescent↗