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R Vivilecchia

Publications and source records attributed to R Vivilecchia.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography behavior of chaotropic counteranions.

The retention behavior of inorganic liophilic anions in reversed-phase HPLC columns was studied. Usually, the addition of these ions to the mobile phase influences the retention of protonated basic analytes similar to the effect of amphiphilic ions (ion-pairing agents). The nature of this influence is the subject of this paper. HPLC retention of perchlorate (ClO4-), tetrafluoroborate (BF4-), and hexafluorophosphate (PF6-) ions was studied on six columns with different bonded phases including alkyl, phenyl and perfluorophenyl phases. The effect of the mobile phase ionic strength on the retention of liophilic ions was investigated. The influence of the type of organic modifier, acetonitrile and methanol, on the retention of inorganic ions was also studied and interpreted on the basis of adsorption from solutions. Semi-empirical expression is suggested for the description of the retention profile of studied liophilic ions versus the eluent composition. Significant retention of these ions is observed in acetonitrile-water eluents. Multilayer-type adsorption of the acetonitrile on the reversed-phase surface and its strong dispersive (or pi-pi) interactions with liophilic ions are responsible for significant retention of these ions. This accumulation of liophilic ions in the adsorbed layer on the surface of reversed-phase material introduces an electrostatic component in the retention of protonated basic analytes.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1998

Effect of skin pigmentation on pulse oximetry accuracy in the emergency department.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether pulse oximeter (PO) accuracy and signal quality are affected by level of skin pigmentation. METHODS: Observational study in a community hospital ED. Consecutive adult patients undergoing arterial blood gas determination were enrolled into the study. Skin pigmentation was determined by comparison with standardized color swatches under controlled lighting; assigned values were used to stratify patients into 3 groups (light, intermediate, and dark) using predetermined criteria. Simultaneous with arterial blood sampling, staff recorded PO reading of O2 saturation using the Nellcor D-25 oximeter. PO values were compared with criterion standard values measured using a 4-wavelength spectrophotometer or co-oximeter. PO signal quality also was recorded. Bias (the mean difference between PO and co-oximeter-measured values of hemoglobin saturation) and precision (the standard deviation of the bias) were calculated. Groups were compared using one-way ANOVA, Bartlett's test for variances, and chi2 test. RESULTS: O2 saturation data were obtained for 284 patients. Bias values did not differ between the 3 skin pigment groups (p = 0.79). Precision was of borderline significance (p = 0.05), but there was no dose-response relation between skin pigmentation and precision. Study personnel reported suboptimal PO function most often among patients in the dark group (p = 0.003), but this finding was of no clinical significance. PO signal failure was rare (<1% of all patients). CONCLUSIONS: Although several prior studies suggest the contrary, this study found that skin pigmentation does not affect the bias or precision of pulse oximetry. Furthermore, skin pigmentation has no clinically significant effect on PO signal quality.

Adult↗