Biomedical subjects

R Voboril

Publications and source records attributed to R Voboril.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Constitutive NF-kappaB activity in colorectal cancer cells: impact on radiation-induced NF-kappaB activity, radiosensitivity, and apoptosis.

Constitutive NF-kappaB activity has been found in many cancer cells of different origin. In our study we focused on constitutive NF-kappaB activity and its impact on radiation-induced NF-kappaB activity, intrinsic radiosensitivity, and apoptosis. Using colorectal cancer cell lines (Caco-2, SW480, SW620) we demonstrated that each cell line expresses different level of constitutive NF-kappaB activity. Moreover, irradiation caused secondary NF-kappaB activation which differed in each cell line. The cell lines tested displayed also different intrinsic radiosensitivities as was determined by clonogenic assay, and different spontaneous and radiation-induced apoptosis determined by activity of caspase 3. Complex analysis of our results revealed that there was a strong correlation between constitutive NF-kappaB activity and radiation-induced NF-kappaB activity (r=0.835), the level of constitutive NF-kappaB activity predicted the level of secondary, radiation-induced NF-kappaB activity. Furthermore, SW620 cells with the highest level of constitutive NF-kappaB activity displayed the lowest radiosensitivity and the lowest level of spontaneous apoptosis; Caco-2 cells with almost undetectable level of constitutive NF-kappaB activity displayed the highest radiosensitivity and even highest level of spontaneous apoptosis. SW480 cells showed intermediate level of constitutive NF-kappaB activity, intermediate radiosensitivity and intermediate level of spontaneous apoptosis. Our data suggest that the level of constitutive NF-kappaB activity may predict radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells. Such prediction may allow the individualization of patient treatment by radiotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2005

[The molecular screening of the stool for the colorectal carcinoma].

BACKGROUND: Current screening methods of colorectal carcinoma are based on examination of occult bleeding in the stool, and further on endoscopic and irrigographical (barium enema) examinations. Population-based non-invasive screening method having high sensitivity and specificity is needed. METHODS: Detection of molecular alterations in colonocytes from the stool may be a promising new diagnostic tool for such screening. Determination of mutations in APC, K-ras, DCC, p53 genes and "long" DNA may serve for early detection of colorectal cancer from stool samples. Multi-target DNA-assays employing all these markers suggest high sensitivity and specificity, unfortunately also expensiveness. Therefore finding a marker characteristic for all tumor cells would be desirable. Nuclear faktor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) could be such marker suitable for determination in colonocytes shed into the stool. CONCLUSION: Molecular testing of stool for early detection of colorectal cancer may be a promising screening method for this disease. Large multicenter trials are required to validate results obtained from preliminary clinical studies.

Biomarkers↗

PubMed2004

[Cooperation between a surgeon and an interventional radiologist in cases of internal bleeding].

INTRODUCTION: Internal bleeding still remains a serious condition, which must be urgently diagnosed and treated. In the Faculty Hospital in Hradec Králové the diagnosis of the internal bleeding source and its consequent treatment is managed under cooperation between a surgeon and an interventional radiologist. A CASE-REVIEW: In the case-review section of this report, a total number of five patients with serious cases of internal bleeding, the source of which was diagnosed and treated under cooperation between the above mentioned specialists is presented. The patients concerned suffered from the following: a trauma to the liver parenchyma, posttraumatic arterioportal shunts, an intraheparic aneurysm, a relaps of the uterine carcinoma with hemorrhaging into the colon and the vagina, bleeding into retroperitoneum. In all the cases the lesion was successfully treated and the hemorrhage was managed. DISCUSSION: Exact location of the bleeding artery during an arteriogragraphic examination is a prerequisite of a successful treatment of the condition. Both, the absorbable materials which allow gradual recanalization of the embolized vessel, and the non-absorbable materials may be used to conduct embolization of the affected vessel. It is necessary to haemodynamically stabilize the patient prior to the procedure. CONCLUSION: In many cases, the cooperation between a surgeon and an interventional radiologist allows for the source of the internal bleeding to be located and managed. It is indicated in certain cases of benign and malignant disorders and in some cases of the parenchymatose organs trauma.

Abdomen↗

PubMed2002

[Cervical lymphangiectasia--case report].

A case-report of a patient with paraesthesia of the left upper extremity caused by a tumor localized in the left supraclavicular area is presented. The patient underwent an operation. Two formations--a lipoma and cyst--were found. Both were removed and histologically examined. The diagnosis of lipoma and neck lymphangiectasia was made. On the third postoperative day the patient was discharged home with no more paraesthetic complaints. A check-up after three months did not reveal any complaints present before operation. In the paper the differential diagnosis of neck tumors with a view to resistance associated with the lymphatic system especially lymphangioma, lymphangiectasia and hygroma coli cysticum is discussed. Lymphangioma is a benign oncogenic affection of lymphatic vessels developing during the postnatal period of life. Lymphangiectasia is a congenital disease without proliferating activity. Hygroma coli cysticum is a congenital extensive multioccular formation localized in the neck area. All three affections are often incorrectly mistaken for each other. Histological examination is decisive for the correct diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Spontaneous rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm into the inferior vena cava--case report].

A 76-year-old man was admitted to the surgical department with acute abdominal pain and impaired sensation of the lower extremities. An aneurysm of the abdominal aorta (AAA) was diagnosed already in the past. There were no signs of cardiovascular failure. Examination (sonography, CT) did not show intraabdominal bleeding. Nevertheless AAA rupture was suspected. A decision on an urgent operation was taken. Despite permanent resuscitation the patient died on the table before the operation began. In the discussion four type of AAA rupture are mentioned: into the open abdominal cavity, into the retroperitoneum, into surrounding organs such as gut or vena cava and so-called "sealed rupture". In every symptomatic AAA connected with circulatory instability rupture is suspected. An urgent operation is necessary in these cases. Rupture of AAA into the vena cava inferior is rare. A syndrome including a history of aneurysm, abdominal pain, continuous abdominal murmur and heart failure is pathognomic for this type of rupture. Computer tomography, sonography or arteriography could be helpful the diagnose determination. However, correct preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Other causes of circulatory failure, especially heart attack, must be differentiated. Treatment of such cases is surgical, using a stent graft is rare and determined only for indicated cases.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

[Mycophenolate mofetil, a possible new immunosuppresant].

The mycophenolate mofetil, a prodrug of mycophenolic acid, is a new immunosuppressive drug with a specific mechanism of action consisting in the inhibition of T- and B-lymphocytes proliferation. A series of animal experiments showed efficiency of the mycophenolate mofetil administered in monotherapy or in combination with other immunosuppressants to prolong the survival of different allo- and xenotransplanted grafts. In clinical trials, the mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, and steroids demonstrated high efficacy in the prevention of acute rejection in the solid allotransplanted organs. The mycophenolate mofetil seems to be a suitable candidate for the treatment of many other, e.g., autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Location of the aortic bifurcation in man and its practical significance in vascular surgery].

Based on analysis of arteriography in 300 subjects of different age and sex, as well as 4 human fetuses, we demonstrated that in the course of an individual's life aortal bifurcation moves caudally. In a fetus, bifurcation is located at the level of L3, while in an adult it moves to the level of L4. After the age of 50, the position of bifurcation moves gradually caudally and can reach--in the advanced age--as far as the level of L5/S1 disc. The changes of position during a lifetime are statistically significant. A shift in the position of the bifurcation of abdominal aorta can be of significance for surgical interventions on the abdominal aorta.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis--a review.

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is a rare disease characterized by presence of multilocular cysts in the gastrointestinal wall. Idiopathic and secondary forms of the disease can be distinguished. There are presented several theories explaining pneumatogenesis in this article. The specific and non-specific symptoms are described. Attention is drawn to the pneumoperitoneum without signs of peritoneal irritation, what is a typical complication of this disease. The suspicion of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis may be based on plain abdominal X-ray, and is usually confirmed by computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The therapy can be conservative or surgical. In conclusion, although pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is a rare disease, it may represent a problem in differential diagnosis of abdominal pain.

Humans↗

PubMed1999

[Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis as a cause of obstructive ileus].

The authors present the case-history of a 83-year-old patient hospitalized and operated on account of ileus caused by pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. In the discussion the authors pay attention to the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and possible treatment of this disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[The position of the aortic bifurcation in humans].

We followed the position of aorta bifurcation in the arteriograms of 253 persons of known sex and age and in four human foetus. There exists a statistically relevant difference between sex and age. Bifurcation has a higher position in women than in men. In foetus the bifurcation position is placed relatively high--in the 3rd lumbal vertebra--in adults the bifurcation position is in the 4th lumbal vertebra. We can observe a slow decrease of aortal bifurcation to the distal direction in humans after 50 years of age. This descent is statistically significant.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Note on variability of the arteries of the lower extremities in man.

The organization of the arterial bed was evaluated in the arteriograms of 253 lower extremities of subjects of a known sex and age. High origination of the a. profunda femoris from the a. iliaca ext. was observed in 0.4% of the cases; in 0.8% the a. profunda femoris arose from the transition of the a. iliaca ext. to the femoral artery. The crural segment was the most variable part of the arterial bed of the lower limbs. Most frequently, in 21.7% of the subjects, anomalies of the crural arteries were unilateral; in 4.6% they were bilateral. In 2.3%, bilaterally different anomalies were present. The a. tibialis post. is the most variable crural artery and the a. peronea is the most stable.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Endovascular brachytherapy potentiated by hyperthermia in the prevention of vascular restenosis. A case report.

BACKGROUND: The combination of hyperthermia and radiotherapy has additive or synergistic effects. This combination has been studied extensively in radiation oncology, but not in the prevention of vascular restenosis. CASE REPORT: A patient with restenosis of cephalic vein underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) followed by endovascular irradiation with 192Iridium (12 Gy) using a high dose rate afterloading technique. After endovascular irradiation, one fraction of external ultrasound hyperthermia was administered to the irradiated segment. There was no restenosis in the treated vessel segment according to duplex sonography performed 192 days after treatment. No radiation or hyperthermia associated side effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Present observations suggest that endovascular brachytherapy of restenosis potentiated by hyperthermia is a technically feasible and well-tolerated treatment. The additive and synergistic effects of hyperthermia, in conjunction with radiation, could be of benefit in the prevention of vascular restenosis.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗