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Biomedical subjects

R Voiosu

Publications and source records attributed to R Voiosu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

The immunopathogenesis of viral hepatitis.

The outcome of the HBV and HCV infections is influenced by the status of the immune system. Both of the viruses are believed not to be directly cythopathic, and the host immune response is responsible for the viral clearance and cellular injury. An energic response of the natural immunity allows the control of the virus. Rapid development of specific neutralizing antibodies is essential for the clearance of VHB. The chronic phase of the disease is often associated with abnormal and weak T-cell response and viral persistence. The pathogenesis of the HCV infection is not yet completely understood. HCV persists in patients without any apparent evidence of immune deficits depending on virus or host-related factors. The recent studies revealed that both cellular and humoral immunity appear to be active, despite the progression of the disease.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

Long-term controlled clinical trial of a new anti-inflammatory drug, diftalone, in rheumatoid arthritis.

A long-term (two years) double-blind, comparative trial of diftalone (Aladione) 500 mg versus indomethacin 75 mg per day, in rheumatoid arthritis (thirty-two patients), has shown a similar effectiveness for both anti-inflammatory agents on various clinical parameters of disease activity, some better results being obtained for diftalone as regards the capacity of reducing erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The tolerability of diftalone proved to be somewhat superior, as is shown by the lower number of patients complaining of side-effects or being dropped out for intolerance, and by the lower frequency of central nervous system disturbances.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1975

Familial clustering of degenerative cardiovascular diseases.

In two geographical areas; the Gurghiu Valley, in a mountain region, and the village of Jurilovca on the shores of the Razelm lagoon, investigations were performed in 390 subjects of both sexes over 20 years of age, first degree relatives of healthy index subjects (males aged 40 to 60 years) and 298 subjects of both sexes over the of 20, first degree relatives of index-subjects with coronary heart disease and/or hypertension. The prevalence of these diseases was found to be 40% higher in the families of diseased subjects. The authors assume the participation of a genetic factor in the etiology of these two degenerative cardiovascular diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Coronary heart disease and risk factors in some special type collectivities.

Transversal epidemiologic investigations carried out in different populations from several regions of Romania : Gurghiu Valley (lumberjacks from a mountain region), Danube Delta and Razelm lagoon complex (fishermen), and Bucharest have shown that, in spite of the high caloric value of food and even of a high intake of saturated fats, mean serum cholesterol is lower in the rural areas than in Bucharest, probably owing to the strenuous physical work. However, except myocardial infarction, more frequent in the urban than in the rural regions, the other forms of coronary heart disease have a relatively higher frequency in villages, particularly atrial fibrillation and ECG signs of ischemia. These findings might be explained by a greater prevalence of hypertension in these populations. It is concluded that the risk factors, which act synergically, depend on the complex structure of the "ecologic niche".

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastro-intestinal lesions induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with serious and sometimes fatal side effects as gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding and less frequently kidney and liver damage. These side effects are caused primarily by the reduction of prostaglandin synthesis, which in turn deprives the stomach's self-protection mechanism. NSAIDs prevent prostaglandin formation by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase. Recent research has shown that there are two types of cyclooxygenase, one that produces the form of prostaglandin involved in the gastric protection and the other that produces the form of prostaglandin involved in inflammation. Current NSAIDs inhibit both forms of cyclooxygenase. Gastrointestinal lesions associated with NSAIDs are predominantly observed in the stomach and are defined under the term of "NSAID gastropathy". Intestinal lesions secondary to the ingestion of NSAIDs were only recently described. Rectocolic lesions induced by NSAID are frequent and severe. The noxious effect of NSAID on preexisting low pathologies can be differentiated from "de novo" induced acute and chronic lesions.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment with alpha-interferon in chronic hepatitis.

The treatment of chronic viral hepatitis with Interferon has been introduced in clinical practice over the past decade an represents an important step in the management of those diseases. The data existing in literature are conflicting about the dose and period of treatment with Interferon, many treatment schedules being proposed. There are also a lot of markers used or proposed to be used to determine the response to treatment, their predicting efficacy being largely studied. The response to alpha-Interferon in a standard 6 month regimen in chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C and chronic hepatitis B and C is studied; alanine-aminotransferase (ALAT) and aspartate-aminotransferase (ASAT) are the markers used to determine the response to treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New data in the management of digestive steroses.

The report is a review of the perendoscopic methods of treatment of stenoses at the level of the digestive tract and of the excretion canals of the annex glands. After a short description of the methods as well as of the necessary equipment, the authors discuss the indications according to the etiology of stenoses. The indications and contraindications are enumerated and an estimation is made of the therapeutic efficiency of the endoscopic methods as compared with the classical surgical methods. Emphasis is laid on the therapeutic advantages of the endoscopic palliative methods as an alternative to the surgical methods.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interferon prophylaxis of hepatic carcinoma.

The present article reveals the importance of hepatic carcinoma among the other diseases in digestive oncology, and also the importance of a correct designation of these cases. Epidemiology and actual hypothesis on the mechanisms of oncogenesis are discussed. There are reviewed some studies in the literature concerning infection with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, coinfection (B and C viruses, B and D viruses), the role of interferon prophylaxis in such cases. Also there is present a statistics on chronic viral hepatits, cirrhosis of viral etiology and hepatic carcinoma, diagnosed in patients in "N.Gh.Lupu" Hospital, over two decades.

Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis does not necessarily imply a treatment. This statement is endorsed by the fact that many forms of the disease are non-evolving or very slow evolving, and therefore development of cirrhosis or hepatocarcinoma is extremely unlikely in these minimal and mild forms of the disease. Furthermore, drugs used today occasionally lead to virus annihilation and, in any case, do not operate upon virus integration into the hepatocyte genome. However, at present there is a consensus regarding the opportunity of therapeutical intervention in chronic hepatitis B with major biological and histological signs of activity, although there remain two important issues to approach. The first one is the relatively low efficacy of therapy referred to the cost (i.e. a maximum of 40% of cases with long-lasting therapeutic response to interferon), while the second is the presence of various side effects, which can force the reducing of dosage or even the discontinuation of treatment. Antiviral therapies, which were using acyclovir, didanosine, zidovudine and vidarabine, have demonstrated their inefficiency. Therefore, two groups are still used nowadays: interferon and nucleosides analogues. Each of the medication enounced has defined dosages, treatment extent, indications and contraindications, side effects and therapy expectancies. Proper management in chronic hepatitis B can achieve the following end-points: obtaining HBeAg-to-anti-HBe seroconversion, prevention of the disease progression and quality-of-life improvement. The treatment of chronic hepatitis B is an ever-changing issue and our expectation for better results grows proportionally with the knowledge brought everyday by new research and clinical experience.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nonsurgical treatment of biliary lithiasis.

The paper is a review of the clinical experience acquired during the last 15 years in the treatment of biliary lithiasis with cholecyst or choledochal localization using methods which were expected to exclude surgery. After a short presentation of lithogenesis a brief description is made of chemical litholysis, endoscopic treatment and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The indications, techniques of treatment results, risks and accidents are also presented with an estimation on the financial efficiency of the new procedures.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic hemostasis.

The paper is a survey of the methods of perendoscopic hemostasis used in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices and ulcers. The various procedures used are enumerated and their technical indication, risks, limitations and complications are described. The advantage of the new methods as compared with the classical treatments (conservative or surgical) are pointed out.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The value of endoscopy in the diagnosis of gastric ulcer.

The ever increasing application of digestive endoscopy has provided a new argument for diagnosis in gastroenterology. Based on a personal experience of 300 cases, the authors are revising the diagnosis of gastric ulcer, comparing the data obtained by X-ray, endoscopic, histologic and bioptic investigations. In about two per cent of the cases, the endoscopic diagnosis of benign ulcer was infirmed by examination of the histologic fragments.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer of the gastric stump. Diagnostic considerations.

A presentation is made of the experience accumulated from over 1200 superior digestive endoscopies of which 150 were made for disturbances of operated stomach. After some considerations on the different methods of diagnosis in gastric stump neoplasm the diagnostic criteria are discussed critically in terms of endoscopic results.

Adenocarcinoma↗