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R Vrba

Publications and source records attributed to R Vrba.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Biliary reflux in a reflux disorder of the oesophagus].

This study assesses complications of a combined duodenogastric reflux disorder of the oesophagus. It has been proved that a degree of morphological affections of the mucosa is higher with an alcalic biliary reflux and can be assessed histologicaly. Primarily, the biliary portion of the reflux was assessed. Qualitative reflux parametres were assessed using a spectrophotometric examination. The examination can replace an expensive (and, therefore, generally unavailable) Bilitec 2000 system. In 21 subjects out of the total of 64 oesophageal reflux patients examined in the 2000-2003 period, complications of the disorder were confirmed. The biliary reflux was expected in 9 patients, however, using the spectrophotometry, it was confirmed in 3 patients. In this patient group, a more severe deterioration of the oseophageal mucosa by the alcalic reflux was confirmed, resulting in higher incidences of the disorder complications. The complications included strictures of the oesophagus, developement of a Barret's oesophagus and an adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. Therefore, in order to prevent complications in this patient group, surgical management is preferred to conservative therapy.

Bile Reflux↗
PubMed2004

[Retroperitoneal liposarcoma--case report].

The authors present surgical therapy of liposarcoma in retroperitoneum. These mesenchymal tumors occur rarely in the population. The strategy for therapy requires determination of the relations to adjacent organs on the basis of precise preoperation examination of the patient. Surgery is considered as the basic therapy, provided radical extirpation of the tumor is possible. Our case report describes a huge liposarcoma in retroperitoneum with histology evolving from myxoid to low differentiated liposarcoma of retroperitoneum. The repeated relapse of the tumor was, as fart as possible, treated by extirpation of the tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[What to expect from the neoadjuvant therapy of the oesophageal carcinoma?].

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the neoadjuvant therapy of the oesophageal carcinoma firstly from the perspective of the immediate effect on the resection procedure itself and, secondly, from the perspective of the long-term results. METHODOLOGY: Prior to the resection of the oesophagus, the patients were administered the neoadjuvant therapy. The patients were allocated to three groups with the following branches of the cytostatic treatment: CDDP+FU, TAX+FU a CDDP. A smaller group with a less advanced disorder was treated only surgically, with the oesophageal resection. Furthermore, the study aimed at assessing chemoresistance of the tumors according to the MTT test and at correcting the individual branches appropriately. RESULTS: The total of 70 patients were operated from 2001 to V/2004. Out of this number, 15 oesophgeal resections without the neoadjuvant therapy were conducted. None of the patients exited, and fistules were the commonest complications. CONCLUSION: No differences in postoperative complications were reported between the groups with or without the neodjuvant therapy. Therefore, this therapy has no positive effect on the resection results themselves. The MTT test proved to be of low significance in the neodjuvant therapy assessment. Chemoresistance can be assessed only retrospectively and, furthermore, the results are likely to be affected by a relatively high sensitivity to the neodjuvant therapy itself. The pCR rate reaches 20%. Long-term results had not been assessed due to a short follow-up period.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2004

[Reoperations following laparoscopic fundoplication].

During an eight-year-period, 623 laparoscopic fundoplications were conducted in the Surgical Clinic in Olomouc. Out of the total number, 14 of them were reoperations and 4 reoperations were conducted on patients, primarily operated in other clinics. 9 patients were reoperated for dislocations of the rim transhiatally into the mediastinum, respectively aborally to the gastric fundus. 4 patients were operated for oesophageal constricions in the hiatus region and 2 patients for haemoperitoneum caused by haemorrhaging from a wound after the port removal. The remaining 3 patients had the reoperation indicated for a biliary reflux in the oesophageus, the rim loosening or for a non-standard primary procedure, conducted to treat the oesophageal reflux disorder in another clinic. This study discusses causes of individual complications and their treatment alternatives. The authors point-out prevention of complications based on following certain principles during the laparoscopic fundoplication procedures.

Fundoplication↗
PubMed2004

[Reflection on contemporary options for the esophageal carcinoma treatment].

UNLABELLED: Our opinions on contemporary strategies for the oesophageal carcinoma treatment, based on our oesophageal resections results, conducted in last five years, are presented in this study. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2004/VIII, 86 resections of the oesophagus were conducted. None of the patients exited. 18 serious complications were recorded (21%). METHODOLOGY: Surgical treatment procedures of the oesophageal carcinoma have been significantly influenced by miniinvasive techniques. Also our team employed laparoscopy as well as thoracoscopy. This technique appears to have a positive effect on both the immediate postoperative results and the long-term results, as it makes any increase in the procedure's radicality possible, mainly at the second level. The authors discuss the procedure's radicality degree as well as its limitations CONCLUSION: Although the oesophageal carcinoma treatment results have definitely improved, especially when lethality rates and morbidity rates are concerned, the long-term results have remained unsatisfactory, though the surgical treatment is combined with the oncological treatment (neoadjuvant, adjuvant). The radicality of the procedure itself is unlikely to have much influence on the above long-term results.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed2003

[Gastric lymphoma--case reports].

The authors present the possibilities of present therapy of stomach lymphomas. The disease is treated primarily at hematology-oncology wards or clinics and a surgical treatment has become useful in combination with conservative therapeutic procedures or when complications occur. The authors describe four cases of surgical treatment of the stomach lymphoma, having been operated on at 1st Surgical Clinic of the Faculty Hospital in Olomouc in the years 1998-2002. The case reports document how demanding the surgical intervention in patients with advanced stages of stomach lymphoma is. In conclusion the authors point out the decisive role of correct histopathological diagnosis and the selection of a correct therapeutic procedure depending on the stage of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Are problems with portosystemic shunts still a reality and is shunt selectivity the deciding factor for justifying its use?].

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the work is detailed evaluation of portosystemic shunts. The criterium of suitability and justification is their selectivity and preservation in the course of time. METHODS: The authors used a clinical group of patients who had either a Warren shunt or a mesocaval H-shunt with a limited blood flow (diameter 8 mm). In these patients the blood flow was assessed by dopplerometry in the portal vein and before the shunt, i.e. in the lienal or possibly mesenterial vein. RESULTS: Of 32 shunts made during the last five years it was possible to make 12 assessments (8 Warren and 4 H-mesocaval shunts). An adequate decline in the blood flow in the portal vein was recorded and a corresponding increase in the lienal or mesenteric vein. Even after one year no marked drop in the flow through the portal vein was recorded. CONCLUSION: A distal Warren shunt and H-mesocaval shunt with a restricted blood flow preserve the signs of selectivity even after one year. An adequate blood flow through the liver is also preserved. From this aspect selective shunts are still suitable treatment of portal hypertension. Obviously correct indication is the basic prerequisite of success.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1982

Glycosylation of plasma proteins with [U-14C]glucose in vivo.

Within 1-12 h after subcutaneous injection of [U-14C]glucose, significant amounts of 14C attached by stable (probably covalent) bonds were found in plasma proteins of rats. More than 30% of 14C of [U-14C]glucose injected per 1 g body weight was incorporated into proteins contained in 1 mL of plasma. Less than 5% of 14C of the [14C]glucose-labelled plasma proteins was soluble in cold dilute perchloric acid, whereas more than 80% of 14C in the [14C]glucose-labelled plasma proteins was soluble in 50% saturated solutions of ammonium sulfate. From [U-14C]glucose-labelled plasma proteins, approximately 50% of the incorporated 14C was recovered in carbohydrate moieties (sialic acid, 8-12%; mannose and galactose, 15-31%; hexosamines, 8-14%) and the rest of the 14C (42-64%) was recovered from protein residue. Gel-filtration and electrophoresis profiles of distribution of 14C in [U-14C]leucine-labelled plasma proteins were very similar to those of [U-14C]glucose-labelled plasma proteins; a relatively high specific radioactivity was observed in fractions having an apparent molecular weight of 105 X 10(3) or its multiples (220 X 10(3) and 520 X 10(3)). However, about 99% of the incorporated 14C was recovered from the protein residue of [14C]leucine-labelled plasma proteins, whereas only traces of 14C were found in the carbohydrate moieties. [U-14C]Alanine is also a relatively poor precursor of 14C for incorporation into carbohydrate moieties of plasma proteins as compared with [U-14C]glucose.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Carcinoembryonic antigen: evidence for multiple antigenic determinants and isoantigens.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) preparations, from various sources were compared by radioimmunoassay. The preparations studied included four CEA standards (CEA-Roch, CEA-Montreal, CEA-City of Hope, and CEA-British) and CEA from serum and liver metastases of a patient with cancer of the colon who had an extremely high concentration of serum CEA (more than 26,000 ng/ml). The data indicate that the CEA-Roche standard differs significantly from the other three CEA standards tested, and that the serum CEA from the patient was antigenically different from currently available CEA standards as well as from the CEA obtained from the patient's own liver metastases. These antigenic differences were reflected in radioimmunoassay inhibition curves that were different and that were not affected by perchloric acid extraction of CEA. Because of the antigenic variation in the serum CEA, markedly different CEA concentrations (varying by three orders of magnitude) were measurable by two different antisera (Roche and Montreal). All the various CEA standards and samples cochromatographed on columns of Sepharose-6B, despite the large antigenic variation. We postulate that CEA consists of a family of "isoantigens" with multiple antigenic determinants. We identified a serum CEA isoantigen that was different from the currently available standards. Consequently, we believe that results of radioimmunoassays currently used for CEA measurement may not represent absolute concentrations of serum "CEA", but may reflect the binding affinity of different isoantigens to a particular polyvalent CEA antiserum.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1970

Molecular weights and metabolism of rat brain proteins.

1. Rats were injected with [U-(14)C]glucose and after various intervals extracts of whole brain proteins (and in some cases proteins from liver, blood and heart) were prepared by high-speed centrifugation of homogenates in 0.9% sodium chloride or 0.5% sodium deoxycholate. 2. The extracts were subjected to gel filtration on columns of Sephadex G-200 equilibrated with 0.9% sodium chloride or 0.5% sodium deoxycholate. 3. Extracts prepared with both solvents displayed on gel filtration a continuous range of proteins of approximate molecular weights ranging from less than 2x10(4) to more than 8x10(5). 4. The relative amount of the large proteins (mol.wt.>8x10(5)) was conspicuously higher in brain and liver than in blood. 5. At 15min after the injection of [U-(14)C]glucose the smaller protein molecules (mol.wt.<2x10(4)) were significantly radioactive, whereas no (14)C could be detected in the larger (mol.wt.>2x10(4)) protein molecules. The labelling of all protein samples was similar within 4h after injection of [U-(14)C]glucose. Fractionation of brain proteins into distinctly different groups by the methods used in the present work yielded protein samples with a specific radioactivity comparable with that of total brain protein. 6. No evidence could be obtained by the methods used in the present and previous work to indicate the presence of a significant amount of ;metabolically inert protein' in the brain. 7. It is concluded that: (a) most or all of the brain proteins are in a dynamic state of equilibrium between continuous catabolism and anabolism; (b) the continuous conversion of glucose into protein is an important part of the maintenance of this equilibrium and of the homoeostasis of brain proteins in vivo.

Animals↗