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Biomedical subjects

R W McDaniel

Publications and source records attributed to R W McDaniel.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Development of a preparatory sensory information videotape for women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer.

This study describes the development and testing of a preparatory sensory information (PSI) videotape for women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. In telephone interviews, 40 women described the sensations they experienced before, during, and after receiving chemotherapy. Sensations described by the women were linked with procedural and temporal elements identified by certified advanced practice oncology nurses to develop a script for the PSI videotape. Women currently receiving chemotherapy or who had completed chemotherapy within the last 6 months were asked to share their experiences on videotape. After editing, a 20-minute PSI videotape was produced. Pilot testing with a group of 20 women demonstrated that the intervention helped to prepare them for the sensory experiences associated with chemotherapy and was helpful in developing anticipatory coping and self-care behaviors.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1995

Symptom experience.

OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of symptom experience, symptom occurrence, and symptom distress. DATA SOURCES: Published articles relating to the symptom experience, symptom occurrence, and symptom distress of patients with cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Symptom experience must include both the occurrence and distress associated with the symptom. To adequately assess symptom experience, obtaining information from patient about the occurrence and distress of the symptom experience is essential. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses and other health care professionals can perform an essential role in the identification and management of symptom experience, thereby improving patient quality of life.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Nausea, vomiting, and retching: the management of the symptom experience.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the physiology of nausea, vomiting, and retching (NVR); the impact of NVR on the patient: current measures to control NVR; and selfcare interventions. DATA SOURCES: Research studies, abstracts, and review articles relating to NVR associated with cancer treatment as well as pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Management of the individual symptoms of NVR require expert, ongoing assessment of the patient's symptom experience that extends beyond the clinic or hospital visit. Although a number of pharmacological antiemetic agents are currently available and additional antiemetic drugs are in phase II or II trials, nonpharmacological interventions are essential to achieve effective management. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Continual assessment of the individual's symptom experience is imperative. Effective management of the symptom experience depends on the oncology nurses's ability to implement current knowledge of antiemetic, and other drugs; non-pharmacological interventions; and cost-effective and clinically useful patient outcomes.

Antiemetics↗
PubMed1995

Sensory perceptions of women receiving tamoxifen for breast cancer.

Tamoxifen has been used as adjuvant treatment in advanced and early-stage breast cancer for the past decade. Recently this synthetic antiestrogen drug assumed a new role of chemoprevention for women at risk of developing breast cancer. The commonly occurring side effects associated with tamoxifen administration contribute to the acceptance of this antineoplastic drug for palliation and cure. However, there are no data about the sensory effects of women receiving tamoxifen. The purpose of this study was to elicit subjects' descriptions of sensory experiences while receiving tamoxifen. These descriptions are essential for developing nursing interventions to help patients use self-care behaviors and cope with the side effects of tamoxifen. Sensory data were collected from 20 women who had been receiving tamoxifen for at least 1 month and were not receiving any other chemotherapy. Subjects provided descriptors about all senses. The senses for which subjects most frequently provided descriptors were touch, taste, and sight.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Nurses' perceptions of antiemetic effectiveness.

PURPOSES: To determine which antiemetics are being used with ondansetron (Zofran, Cerenex Pharmaceuticals, Research Triangle Park, NC) for patients receiving emetogenic chemotherapy, identify the more frequently administered antiemetic regimens, and ascertain nurses' perceptions of the effectiveness of these regimens. DESIGN: Descriptive survey. SETTING: Continental United States. SAMPLE: A random sample (N = 962) of Oncology Nursing Society members who designate themselves as practicing in the area of chemotherapy. METHODS: The Antiemetic Drug(s)/Drug Combination(s) Inventory, an open-ended questionnaire soliciting information on first- and second-line antiemetic regimens for emetogenic chemotherapy protocols, was mailed to 5,950 oncology nurses. Descriptive statistics and nondistributive analysis were used to analyze the data. FINDINGS: Ondansetron was used in 7 of 10 antiemetic regimens, which accounted for 50% of the most frequently used regimens. Nurses rated first-line antiemetic combinations as highly effective. Ondansetron alone was ranked as the seventh most effective first-line antiemetic for cisplatin protocols and fifth for noncisplatin protocols. Nurses noted limitations of ondansetron use, which included delayed nausea and vomiting and the drug's high cost. CONCLUSIONS: Study participants indicated that a variety of drugs were used in antiemetic regimens. Ondansetron use has improved the control of post-chemotherapy nausea, vomiting, and retching. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Antiemetics are administered regularly in the hospital and home to decrease chemotherapy-related nausea, vomiting, and retching. Managing these side-effects requires superior assessment skills and extensive knowledge of pharmacologic actions. Patient and family education on antiemetics is essential in light of increased administration of outpatient chemotherapy.

Antiemetics↗
PubMed1994

Sensory perception of patients on selected antineoplastic chemotherapy protocols.

Antineoplastic chemotherapy (ANCT) is a primary and adjuvant treatment modality for cancer. Although researchers have found that patients who are given preparatory sensory information before various health-care procedures experience less discomfort, literature describing subject's sensory experience before, during, and after ANCT is lacking. The purpose of this study was to elicit sensory responses from subjects before, during, and after one of six cycles of their initial course of treatment on one of two emetogenic ANCT protocols. These descriptions will be used to develop a preparatory sensory nursing intervention that may promote self-care and help cancer patients cope with the distress of chemotherapy. The Sensory Information Questionnaire was administered to a sample of 44 subjects who had just completed a cycle of ANCT. Subjects provided descriptors of all senses. The senses for which subjects most frequently provided descriptors were taste, touch, and smell. Descriptors varied for some sensations according to the chemotherapy drug protocols.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality of life in quadriplegic adults: a focus group study.

This article describes a study whose purpose was to provide additional information about the components of quality of life for quadriplegic individuals. A focus group technique was used to determine subjects' opinions about what constitutes an acceptable quality of life. Three focus groups with a total of 14 subjects met to discuss the topic. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed to determine themes and to identify components of quality of life for these individuals. Findings indicate that the factors influencing quality of life for quadriplegics include inner strength/survival, finances, relationships, job/productivity, health, level of activity, assertiveness, and independence/dependence. These findings will provide health professionals and policymakers with information about what factors quadriplegics consider important to maintaining an acceptable quality of life. This knowledge is necessary for public policy development, resource allocation, and interventions that will enhance the quality of life for people affected by quadriplegia.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing research. Making it easier.

Conducting nursing research, whether to fulfill a requirement for a graduate degree or to satisfy professional curiosity, often is frustrating for the novice researcher. This article presents strategies that can be used by staff development educators to assist nurse researchers in conducting research more efficiently.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Posters: innovative and cost-effective tools for staff development.

Nursing staff development educators can use the poster as a time- and cost-effective means to present essential information about policies and procedures as well as current, pertinent information about research findings. In this article, the authors present guidelines for preparation of successful poster presentations.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expectation and occurrence of postchemotherapy side effects: nausea and vomiting.

Although nausea and vomiting are among the most disruptive chemotherapy side effects, little is known about patients' expectations before therapy and their experience after chemotherapy. A stratified sample of 329 subjects on nine chemotherapy regimens were asked to list their expected symptoms and level of distress. The patients listed a total of 524 responses and 28 different symptoms. This paper focuses on the symptoms of nausea and vomiting. A statistically significant relationship (P = 0.015) was found between the patients' expectations of symptom experience and their expectations of symptom distress. No significant relationship was found between the expectation of the symptom and the actual symptom experience. These findings support the need for educational interventions that provide hopeful but realistic expectations of the unknown events for patients with cancer.

Adult↗