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Biomedical subjects

R W Ross

Publications and source records attributed to R W Ross.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of surfactants on weight gain in mice.

A study was conducted to determine if four surfactants can induce increased weight gain in the mouse. Basic-H, Triton X-100, Amway All Purpose Adjuvant and X-77 were put in water and fed to various groups of ICR 21 day old female mice for a period of 43 days. All the mice were clinically normal throughout the study period. Pathological examination of a random sample of the mice revealed no gross pathological changes. Similarly, histopathological examination of the lungs, livers and intestines did not reveal any visible lesions. Basic-H and Amway surfactants induced weight gain, though not significantly, better at 0.1% (V/V) concentration while X-77 and Triton X-100 induced weight gain better at 0.4% (V/V) concentration. Overall results show that none of the surfactants tested induced significant weight gain.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of wind on the thermal and metabolic responses to exercise in the cold.

The thermal and metabolic responses to exercise were studied in a cold environment with and without a wind. Six men and two women rode a cycle ergometer for 90 min at 55-60% VO2max in a -20 degrees C environment. Subjects were exposed to a 4.1 m . s-1 wind on two of the four exposures. The subjects wore regulation cross-country ski uniforms. An additional vest was worn on 2 d, 1 d with the wind and 1 d without the wind. Total insulation for the ski uniform (Icl+a) was 1.59 clo and 1.77 clo with the vest. Final Tre, Tsk, and Tb were significantly lower, and radiative and convective heat loss, heat loss from body storage, and tissue insulation (It) were significantly greater when exercising in the wind. The addition of the vest increased only Tsk. Both metabolic rate and heart rate increased significantly during exercise, but no significant differences were observed between wind and no-wind conditions. The subjects responded to the increased cooling effect of the wind by increasing It, however, this response was not sufficient to prevent loss of stored heat and Tre from falling. It was concluded that the exercise intensity must be 10 METS or greater to maintain thermal balance when exercising in a -20 degrees C environment with a 4.1 m . s-1 wind if Icl+a = 1.59 clo.

Air Movements↗
PubMed1978

Radioimmunoassay for danazol in human and monkey plasma.

A sensitive method is described for the radioimmunoassay of danazol in monkey and human plasma. Antiserum was developed in rabbits, and a second antibody was used to separate bound from free danazol. The radioimmunoassay was specific for danazol, and the limit of detection ranged from 1.4 to 2.8 ng/ml. Exogeneous danazol could be quantitated accurately in both monkey and human plasma. The radioimmunoassay results agreed with values obtained by inverse isotope dilution after intravenous administration of 14C-danazol to monkeys. The assay was used successfully to measure danazol in plasma from human volunteers receiving 200 mg of danazol.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A radioimmunoassay for danazol (17alpha-pregna-2,4-dien-20-yno[2,3-d]isoxazol-17-ol).

A method is described for the radioimmunoassay of circulating levels of the pituitary inhibiting agent, danazol. An antigen for danazol was prepared by reacting a 17-carboxy-methyloxime derivative of danazol with bovine serum albumin. By immunizing rabbits with this antigen, antiserum was generated which shows excellent specificity for danazol relative to its known metabolites as well as to many natural steroids. A radioimmunoassay was developed, without using separation or extraction techniques, involving competition for the antiserum between danazol in plasma and 14C-danazol. This assay has been successfully used to measure danazol in a series of normal human subjects receiving the drug at either 100 or 200 mg b.i.d. for 2 weeks. A significant relationship was seen between dosage of danazol and plasma concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A gas chromatography-mass fragmentographic method for the assay of ajmaline and its monochloroacetyl ester.

A gas chromatograph-mass fragmentography method for simultaneous assay of 17-monochloroacetyl-ajmaline (MCAA) and its hydrolysis product, ajmaline, is described. Recovery of both compounds from whole blood averaged 71%. About 5% of MCAA was hydrolyzed during the assay procedure. The method was accurate and precise to within a few percent. It was suitable for assays of blood levels in the dog after an i.v. dose of 2 mg/kg or an oral dose of 5 mg/kg.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1973

Rapid, modified Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test with single, high-concentration antimicrobial disks.

A rapid (6-7 hr), modified Kirby-Bauer disk-susceptibility method, by which derivatives of tetrazolium dyes are used to enhance delineation between areas of growth and zones of inhibition, has been developed. Inoculated petri plates, prepared by the Kirby-Bauer method, were sprayed, after 6 to 7 hr of incubation (37 C), with aqueous solutions of MTT-tetrazolium or INT-tetrazolium resulting in readily detectable zones of inhibition. Excellent correlation was obtained between the modified test and the standard Kirby-Bauer test when challenged with a variety of gram-negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus strains. Additionally, the modified test has demonstrated reproducibility comparable to the standard Kirby-Bauer test. It is demonstrated that the modified test is applicable to susceptibility determinations with representative, commercially available antimicrobial disks. This applicability indicates that the modified method could provide rapid in vitro guidelines for in vivo therapy.

Bacteria↗