Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Wang.
A solid phase, double antibody radioimmunoassay has been semi-automated for the quantitation of carcinoembryonic antigens. Sepharose-bound rabbit anti-goat IgG immunoglobulin was used as the second antibody, reactions were carried out in 96-well microtiter plates, and samples processing (filtration and washing) was accomplished with the aid of a 24-sample harvester.
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A number of human-mouse somatic hybrid cell lines have been prepared, containing from 3 to 12 human biarmed chromosomes. These lines were susceptible to poliovirus type 1, producing viral yields comparable to those of the human parental cells. A small proportion of the cells of these lines survived the polio infection, and their progeny were solidly resistant to reinfection with the virus. Both sensitive and resistant hybrids produced virus following infection with viral ribonucleic acid, indicating that the cytoplasm of the resistant hybrids was able to support viral multiplication. Viral adsorption studies carried out at 4 C showed that the resistant sublines had negligible ability to adsorb the virus. It was concluded that the hybrid cells became resistant to polio through loss of the human chromosome bearing the gene for the receptor substance.
A number of human-mouse hybrid cell lines with partial human chromosome complements were sensitive to poliovirus because the cells contained the viral receptor substance of human origin. Infection of the lines with one type of poliovirus regularly led to the survival of a few cells, whose progeny were found to be resistant to all types of poliovirus. Comparison of the chromosomes of sensitive hybrids and their resistant sublines showed no consistent difference in the number of biarmed human chromosomes of any group. The number of acrocentrics was always lower in the resistant hybrids than in the corresponding sensitive lines. It is suggested that the human chromosome bearing the polio receptor gene is an acrocentric.
BACKGROUND: Congestive heart failure is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the elderly but the disease impact on the oldest and sickest population has not been defined. OBJECTIVES: To review the mortality and hospital readmission rate of institutionalized elderly persons with congestive heart failure and to examine the relation of baseline characteristics to subsequent clinical outcomes. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis based on chart review of 231 residents of the Philadelphia (Pa) Geriatric Center (63 congregate housing tenants and 168 nursing home residents) 80 years and older, hospitalized with congestive heart failure from 1989 to 1995. Patients' demographic data and clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic findings were obtained from their initial (index) hospitalization records. Subsequent outcomes were obtained from their outpatient (nursing home or office) records. RESULTS: Thirteen percent died during the index hospitalization but the total mortality during the follow-up period was 87%. One hundred forty-six patients (63%) died in the first year with a mean +/- SD survival of 4+/-4 months and a readmission rate of 3.9 per patient-year. Eighty-five patients survived the first year with a readmission rate of 1.2 per patient-year and 54 patients subsequently died, with a mean +/- SD survival of 28+/-12 months. The first-year decedents and survivors were comparable in sex, age, medical history, and electrocardiographic findings. However, patients who died in the first year, compared with survivors, were more likely to be nursing home residents (81% vs 59%), have New York Heart Association class IV heart failure (54% vs 32%), have impaired left ventricular function by echocardiogram (53% vs 32%), and have renal insufficiency (32% vs 11%). CONCLUSIONS: Very elderly persons with congestive heart failure had a guarded long-term prognosis. Nursing home residency, class IV heart failure, impaired left ventricular function, and renal insufficiency were associated with higher risk for early death and repetitive hospitalizations.
We examined the in vivo and in vitro effects of estradiol on the host defense of goldfish against a hemoflagellate Trypanosoma danilewskyi. Estradiol (10(-6) M), significantly suppressed the mitogen-induced proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. The parasitemia and mortality of goldfish implanted with tubing containing estradiol were significantly higher than that of sham operated control fish. In addition, the mitogen-induced proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from estradiol-implanted fish was significantly impaired when compared to that of lymphocytes obtained from untreated sham operated control fish. Estradiol implantation did not influence the ability of goldfish to resist a challenge infection with T. danilewskyi. These results indicate that estradiol can modulate the susceptibility to hemoflagellates by suppressing the host immune response.
We examined the in vitro effects of estradiol and cortisol on the inflammatory function of a macrophage cell line. A dose-dependent inhibition of chemotaxis (0.5 and 0.1 microM, for estradiol and cortisol, respectively) and phagocytosis (1.0 microM for both steroids) were observed after treatment. Estradiol did not affect the nitric oxide production by the macrophage cell line, while cortisol strongly inhibited in vitro nitric oxide production. The steroids did not affect the ability of the macrophages to mount a respiratory burst response as measured by the NBT reduction assay.