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Biomedical subjects

R Watson

Publications and source records attributed to R Watson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

c-myc and c-myb oncoproteins during induced maturation of myeloid and erythroid human leukemic cell lines.

c-myc and c-myb mRNAs have been found to be tightly regulated during hemopoietic differentiation. We have studied nuclear c-myc and c-myb oncoproteins through the cell cycle, during macrophage, granulocyte, erythroid, and megakaryocytic differentiation of KG1, HL60, and HEL cells. p62c-myc and p75c-myb content of propidium iodide-stained nuclei was quantitated by flow cytometry using fluoresceinated antibodies CT14-G4 and MB4.3, respectively. In uninduced cells p62c-myc content is highest in HL60, followed by HEL, then KG1, while p75c-myb is highest in HEL, followed by HL60 and KG1. All lines showed a less than 2-fold increment in both oncoproteins over the cell cycle. Macrophage induction of KG1 and HL60 resulted in early increase in both oncoproteins, followed by a decline to less than starting values by 48 h, concurrent with a reduction of S phase cells and the appearance of adherent alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase-positive cells. p62c-myc changes were more pronounced in HL60 and p75c-myb changes in KG1. Different patterns of oncoprotein expression were found when different inducing agents were used for granulocyte differentiation of HL60. Under all conditions, however, both oncoproteins declined to basal levels before granulocyte maturity. Hemin-induced erythroid differentiation of HEL to hemoglobin-containing cells resulted in biphasic p62c-myc and p75c-myb kinetics. In contrast, dimethyl sulfoxide-induced megakaryocytic differentiation of HEL was accompanied by an early and steady decline in both oncoproteins. Despite considerable reduction in oncoprotein levels, HEL cells were still actively cycling at 120 h. It appears that c-myc and c-myb proteins decline with differentiation, well before proliferation ceases in some lineages. The kinetics of the decline differ between the two oncogenes and vary with the lineage induced and the nature of the inducing agent used. The cell cycle distribution of the oncoproteins does not change during maturation. These data suggest disparate roles for c-myc versus c-myb during hemopoietic differentiation and the existence of multiple signal transduction pathways for down-regulation of these genes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

The management of angina pectoris.

Modern treatment has improved the outlook for patients with angina pectoris. Full clinical assessment and hospital referral is justified for many patients in order to determine whether they should be considered for bypass surgery or balloon angioplasty, even if symptoms are not disabling. An enthusiastic approach to risk factor modification is an important element of medical treatment.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1989

Large outbreak of food poisoning caused by Salmonella typhimurium definitive type 49 in mayonnaise.

An investigation was conducted to determine the vehicle of infection of an outbreak of food poisoning in a large metropolitan building early in 1988. A questionnaire was distributed to 700 people who had eaten in the building during the week of the outbreak, and attack rates for specific food were calculated. Food and stool samples, environmental samples, and eggs and environmental swabs from the egg suppliers were examined microbiologically. Altogether 474 questionnaires were returned, 120 people reporting gastrointestinal illness. The illness was significantly associated with foods containing mayonnaise. Salmonella typhimurium definitive type 49 was isolated from 76 of the 84 stool samples containing salmonella and from five of the eight samples taken from the chicken house of the main egg supplier. Mayonnaise was probably the vehicle of infection, which was caused by S typhimurium definitive type 49.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Relation between myocardial thallium-201 kinetics during exercise and quantitative coronary angiography in patients with one vessel coronary artery disease.

This study examined the relation between the kinetics of thallium-201 and coronary stenosis in 30 patients with one vessel coronary artery disease; 25 patients had no visible collateral vessels. The myocardial thallium concentration in the postexercise images and percent washout were determined in the distribution of the diseased vessel and a normal vessel, and each was expressed as a ratio. Coronary stenosis was assessed as minimal diameter stenosis, minimal area stenosis and percent diameter stenosis. The correlations between the myocardial concentration ratio or washout ratio and the descriptors of coronary stenosis improved when the patients with collateral vessels were excluded. There were significant correlations between the myocardial thallium concentration ratio and minimal diameter stenosis (r = 0.73, p less than 0.001), minimal area stenosis (r = 0.72, p less than 0.001) and, to a lesser degree, percent diameter stenosis (r = -0.51, p less than 0.01). Similarly, there were significant correlations between washout ratio and minimal diameter stenosis (r = 0.50, p less than 0.01) and minimal area stenosis (r = 0.45, p less than 0.02) but not percent diameter stenosis (r = 0.37, p = 0.06). Thus, variation in thallium kinetics in relation to the severity of coronary stenosis can be demonstrated with conventional imaging in patients with one vessel disease. The myocardial thallium concentration and washout are physiologic expressions of the severity of perfusion deficit and are dependent on collateral flow. The myocardial thallium concentration ratio and washout ratio correlate better with minimal diameter and area stenosis than with percent diameter stenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Cutaneous lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus.

The spectrum of cutaneous lesions seen as a presenting feature or during the clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus is described. Readers are acquainted with the histopathologic features, serologic associations, and pathogenesis when appropriate. Prognostic implications of individual cutaneous manifestations are also addressed.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

A nursing trial of urinary sheath systems on male hospitalized patients.

An investigation was carried out on six hospitalized elderly male urinary incontinent patients for 21 days to test three urinary sheath systems by means of a quasi-experimental trial, incorporating crossover. Observations were made, and recorded, of detachment or leakage in systems and of skin condition round the shaft of the penis. Results suggest that two of the systems differ significantly in their performance and that performance of the urinary sheath was probably the limiting factor in overall performance. Incidence of skin problems, and other problems within systems, were minimal. It was also observed that patients differ significantly in their suitability for the application of sheath systems. This observation was made at two time intervals. A further line of investigation is suggested to test the effect of components, other than sheaths, on performance of systems.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer. Experience with the M-VAC regimen.

A series of 71 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer received a median of 3 cycles (range 1-6) of methotrexate, vinblastine, Adriamycin and cisplatin (M-VAC). Efficacy assessed by transurethral resection alone showed that 48% of patients were TO, 13% Tis and 54% had normalisation of initially positive urinary cytology after treatment. However, when considering transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB), cytology and non-invasive procedures (CT scan and/or ultrasound), only 21% had a clinical complete remission (cCR); 48 patients (68%) had pathological evaluation and 13 (27%) were PO after treatment. Non-responding patients had a poor prognosis: 14/30 (47%) developed metastatic disease and 13 died. In assessing the primary lesions, clinical understaging was significant. Of 15 patients who were TO cystoscopically prior to surgery, 6 (40%) had residual disease in the pathological specimen, including 4 with muscle infiltration; 23 patients (32%) remained clinically staged, only 8 of whom remain disease-free. With a median follow-up of 24 months (range 2-42+), 41 patients are alive and disease-free, including 20 with a functional bladder. The large staging error raises questions concerning studies using clinical rather than pathological endpoints as the sole criteria of efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sore point.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Anti-Ro antibodies and neonatal lupus.

The presence of antibodies directed against the Ro (SS-A) antigen is the strongest risk factor for the neonatal lupus syndrome. In most instances, the pregnant woman is asymptomatic; however, the presence of subclinical connective tissue disease and the subsequent emergence of overt connective tissue disease have been reported. This article will review the molecular biology of the Ro antigen, assays for anti-Ro antibodies, prevalence of anti-Ro antibody in normal people and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and the clinical, immunogenetic and pathophysiologic features of the neonatal lupus syndrome. Finally, current concepts concerning treatment of pregnant women with anti-Ro antibodies will be reviewed.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1988

Fine mapping of the major latency-related RNA of herpes simplex virus type 1 in humans.

In situ hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotides was used to fine map the extent and continuity of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency-related RNA (LR RNA) in trigeminal ganglia of latently infected humans. A series of 34 20 residue oligonucleotides were employed to cover a 3 kb region of the HSV-1 genome to which the latency-related gene had previously been mapped. The 5' end of the main LR RNA transcript began approximately 1210 nucleotides downstream from the 3' end of the mRNA from the immediate early gene ICP0. The 3' end of the LR RNA overlapped the 3' end of the ICP0 mRNA by approximately 1000 nucleotides. A potential small intron was detected near the 3' end of the LR RNA.

Blotting, Northern↗