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Biomedical subjects

R Wikoff

Publications and source records attributed to R Wikoff.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Marital functioning after cardiac surgery.

Using Barnhill's components of family health functioning, we examined the relationships of spouse anxiety, coping methods, couple responsibility for compliance, and reported compliance with marital couple functioning. Five psychosocial scales were returned by mail by 136 Mended Heart members and spouses from five geographic regions. By multiple regression analysis, confrontive coping strategies and spouse trait anxiety were the two factors predictive of couple marital functioning. When marital functioning scores were examined separately, spouses' confrontive behaviors and patient reported compliance for diet, stress, and smoking prescriptions were predictive of both spouse and patient marital functioning. In addition, spouse marital functioning was predicted by state anxiety and patient compliance, and patient marital functioning by compliance and shared responsibility for compliance. Further studies should evaluate spouse inclusion in rehabilitation programs during hospitalization and convalescence and examine interactional strategies that facilitate confrontive behaviors and patient compliance to promote couple marital functioning after the cardiac event.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Personal adjustments and regimen compliance 1 year after myocardial infarction.

The relationship of attitudes and perceived beliefs of others to regimen compliance and personal psychologic and social adjustments of patients with myocardial infarction was investigated 1 year after the infarction. Eighty-one patients (39 in the experimental group, 42 in the control group) who participated in a prior study on the effect of a nursing intervention on regimen compliance, completed scales that assessed attitudes toward regimen prescriptions (diet, medications, activity, smoking, and stress response), perceived beliefs of others concerning compliance, personal adjustments, and regimen compliance. At 1 year, no differences were found between experimental and control groups for regimen compliance or personal adjustments. There was a significant decrease in mean scores for all variables from the time the patient was in the hospital to 30 days afterward, but no change at 1 year from the 30- or 60-day visit. At 1 year, attitudes were predictive of compliance for all regimen prescriptions. Perceived beliefs of others were predictive of diet, activity, and medication prescriptions.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

Life situations, health beliefs, and medical regimen adherence of patients with myocardial infarction.

One hundred twelve patients with MI were followed over a 6- to 9-month period to investigate their intentions and adherence behavior to a prescribed medical regimen in four life situations. The subjects with MI had strong intentions in the hospital to follow their prescription in all four situations, with the strongest for the home situation and the weakest for work. However, the actual adherence behaviors were less than the original intentions. The findings indicate the need for a review of the content of rehabilitation programs and consideration of the stage of recovery at which instructions are presented to patients rehabilitating from a MI. The intentions and adherence behaviors of subjects with MI were closely related to their perceptions of significant others' expectations. For the health team, this emphasizes the need to include significant others in patient rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fishbein's model of reasoned action and compliance behavior of hypertensive patients.

A causal model based on Fishbein's Model of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980) was tested in a hypertensive population. Intention was hypothesized to affect compliance behavior of hypertensive patients directly and to mediate the effect of the other variables. Attitude, perceived beliefs of others, and motivation to comply were hypothesized to directly affect intentions and indirectly affect compliance behavior as mediated by intention. Fifty-six newly diagnosed hypertensive patients completed the variable measures 6 months after receiving outpatient instructions. Path analysis demonstrated the Fishbein Model was found sufficient for the prescriptions of diet, smoking, activity and stress, but not for medication. Findings indicated that compliance behavior was directly influenced by intention which, in turn, was influenced directly by attitude and motivation to comply and indirectly by the perceived beliefs of others mediated by motivation to comply for the prescriptions of diet, activity, smoking, and stress prescriptions. For the medication prescription, attitude and motivation to comply directly influenced regimen compliance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Regimen compliance two years after myocardial infarction.

Two-years postinfarction, the effect of a nursing intervention at 30 days postinfarction, and intentions, attitudes, and perceived beliefs of others on regimen compliance of myocardial infarction patients was investigated. The sample was comprised of 51 patients (E = 29, C = 22) who participated in a five-phase study over 2 years. No differences were found between experimental and control groups for regimen compliance to activity, stress, and medication prescriptions. The experimental group was significantly more compliant to the diet prescription than the control group. The control group was significantly more compliant than the experimental group with cessation from smoking. Perceived beliefs of others were predictive of compliance for all regimen prescriptions at 2 years. Attitude was also predictive of compliance with the diet, smoking, and stress regimens.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spouses' psychosocial problems, resources, and marital functioning postmyocardial infarction.

The psychosocial problems and adjustments of 40 myocardial infarction (MI) patients and their spouses were examined 3 months after hospitalization. The following relationships were explored: spouse anxiety and coping methods with marital functioning; and couple-shared responsibility and the patient's perception of spouse's beliefs about patient compliance in regard to actual patient compliance. Results indicate that spouses received minimal information about expected roles and responsibilities, and no information about the patients' symptoms or the spouses' personal needs after discharge. Approximately 50% of the spouses received information on the medical regimen and cardiac condition. Patient compliance was high for all regimen prescriptions, and patient's perception of spouse's beliefs was significantly related to patient compliance. There was almost no agreement between patient and spouse on shared responsibility for regimen compliance. Marital functioning was negatively related to state/trait anxiety with trait anxiety predictive of marital functioning. Problem solving was the coping method most frequently used by spouses, with emotive (affective) coping methods negatively related to marital functioning. These findings lend support for future studies to examine the most effective method of couple inclusion in rehabilitation programs. In addition, program content should reflect the information spouses perceive as necessary for them to receive in such programs.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of a nursing intervention on regimen adherence and societal adjustments postmyocardial infarction.

One hundred three first-time myocardial infarction (MI) patients were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control condition. Patients completed a cardiac rehabilitation program during hospitalization and were interviewed to assess intentions to follow regimen prescriptions, attitudes toward the prescriptions, coping methods, and the perceived beliefs of others concerning their intentions. Patients were visited at home 30 days after discharge and reassessed on each of the above variables except that their behavior was substituted for intentions and societal adjustment was assessed. The experimental group was given an intervention program which included a discussion of assessment data, identification of problems, and establishment of goals. The assessment was repeated 60 days after discharge. No differences were found between experimental and control groups for either medical regimen adherence or societal adjustment. There was a significant decrease in mean scores for all variables from hospital to 30 days for both groups, but no change from 30 to 60 days. Attitudes and perceived beliefs of others were predictive of adherence, and it was concluded that these variables need to be included in any rehabilitation program.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of a health attitude scale.

A tool was developed to assess attitudes of patients with cardiac disease toward performing prescribed behaviors of their medical regimen. Two groups of subjects with heart disease were used to examine validity and reliability of the Miller Attitude Scale. One group included 480 members of Mended Hearts, Inc., and the second group consisted of 35 patients diagnosed with a first myocardial infarction. The second group repeated the attitude scale six months post-hospitalization. Performance of the medical regimen by this group was verified at the six-month follow-up period. Using Spearman Rank Correlation, there was a significant relationship between attitudes and adherence behaviors for three of the five subscales. Alpha reliabilities revealed a high degree of internal consistency of scale items for all five subscales when testing both groups. A factor analysis resulted in eight factors accounting for the majority of the variance. Each of the five behaviors of the medical regimen clearly defined a factor supporting used of the Miller Attitude Scale for assessing attitudes of heart patients toward behaviors of their medical regimen.

Attitude to Health↗