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Biomedical subjects

R Will

Publications and source records attributed to R Will.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Intravenous regional administration of methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis.

Intravenous regional administration of corticosteroid (IVRAS) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis of the hand has not been reported previously. The method is based on a modification of Bier's block, with substitution of corticosteroid for local anaesthetic. Twenty-two patients were assessed in this double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The technique was safe and effective in improving grip strength, with a group mean improvement of more than 50%. Because suppression of endogenous cortisol production 24 h after treatment was commensurate with the dose of methylprednisolone used (40 mg), we could not exclude that the response may have been due to systemic steroid. Further studies are required to define the real value of IVRAS as it may offer alternative treatment of the joints and tendons within the hand and wrist in some patients rather than more prolonged oral therapy or individual, multiple joint or sheath injections.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

Serum keratan sulphate levels rise in rheumatoid arthritis patients, but fall in ankylosing spondylitis patients compared with normal controls.

Serum levels of keratan sulphate (KS) were found to be significantly elevated in patients with destructive and predominantly seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with a control population. Levels in RA did not correlate with clinical or laboratory indices of joint activity or damage. Conversely levels were depressed in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared with controls.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

Is there sexual inequality in ankylosing spondylitis? A study of 498 women and 1202 men.

The responses of 1700 members (1202 men) of the National Ankylosing Spondylitis Society to a self-administered questionnaire were analyzed. The male:female ratios for primary ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic spondylitis and spondylitis associated with inflammatory bowel disease were 2.4:1, 3.5:1 and 1:1, respectively. A positive family history was significantly less prevalent in men than women as were hand, elbow, shoulder and knee symptoms. In a parallel radiographic study, 100 men matched for age of onset and disease duration with 50 women demonstrated similar sacroiliac, cervical and hip disease but worse involvement of the lumbar spine.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Postsalmonella reactive phenomena in 2 patients with ankylosing spondylitis: no modification of the underlying disease.

HLA-B27 related disease occurs in 2 main forms, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or reactive arthropathy/Reiter's syndrome. These entities often "breed true" within families or distinct ethnic groups. Reactive arthropathy/Reiter's syndrome may be complicated by AS, but little is known about the impact on AS of a de novo reactive arthropathy occurring at a later date. We describe 2 patients with AS who developed postsalmonella reactive phenomena several years after the onset of their primary disease. In both patients the intestinal salmonella infection did not modify the course of the AS.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in a cow in the United Kingdom.

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) was diagnosed in a cow with a history of behavioral change, apprehension, hyperesthesia to auditory and tactile stimuli, wide-based stance, and marked hind limb hypermetria. Myoclonus involving individual muscles was observed in the shoulder region, ventral cervical region, and upper portion of the hind limb. Clonus was observed in the forelimbs. Clinicopathologic findings were normal, except for high serum globulin concentration, which was attributable mainly to an increase in the gamma-globulin fraction. Results of electroencephalography revealed almost continuous high-amplitude complexes in the occipital leads, interspersed with short runs of normal activity. There were generalized discharges, but these were not periodic. Current theory implicates the scrapie agent (prion) as the causal agent for BSE. The presence of scrapie in, and the possible entry of prion into bovine feedstuffs could result in the emergence of BSE in the United States.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Exposit in a biological test].

The biocompatibility of the composite resin materials Exposit and Evicrol was tested by functional studies of the rat incisor and the biological test of the dental pulp of pigs. Exposit shows mainly reversible reactions of the vascular connective tissue both in the vital-microscopical examination of the immediate reaction and in short-term tests (24 hours, 7 days), where positive adaptation reactions (new vessels and revascularization) are to be observed. Evicrol causes distinct and irreversible damages in the pulp of the rat incisor. The results of the vital-microscopical examination are proven by histological checks of the rat incisor. In the morphological picture Exposit shows in pig teeth mainly slight and partly moderate inflammatory pulpal reactions after a period of 30 and 90 days. For Evicrol, however, severe reactions with a massive accumulation of inflammatory cells is to be observed after a period of 30 days. Despite an acceptable and, compared to Evicrol, a better biocompatibility of Exposit there is a demand for an exact pulp protection.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1987

Central and peripheral SEP defects in neurologically symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects with low vitamin B12 levels.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) following median nerve stimulation were abnormal in 7 patients with sensory impairment due to vitamin B12 deficiency. Extensor plantar reflexes indicated a central sensory pathway lesion in 4 cases and absent tendon jerks suggested peripheral neuropathy in 4, but median nerve SEPs indicated a predominantly central lesion without marked peripheral nerve involvement in 6 and an axonal neuropathy without CNS involvement in 1. The latter had evidence of central slowing of conduction in SEPs following posterior tibial nerve stimulation. Consequently, it is suggested that the brunt of sensory pathway involvement usually falls on the CNS, although peripheral neuropathy may occur as the major abnormality in some cases. In 2 patients SEPs showed a marked improvement following treatment with vitamin B12 injections, one consistent with restored central conduction and the other with recovery from peripheral neuropathy. No peripheral or central SEP abnormalities were seen in 18 dairy-produce eating vegetarians with low vitamin B12 levels, although 6 reported mild sensory symptoms suggestive of peripheral neuropathy and 3 had corroborative clinical signs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Failure to detect spiroplasmas by cultivation and serological tests.

Specimens from confirmed cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) were examined for evidence of spiroplasma infection. No spiroplasmas or other mycoplasmas were cultivated from brain tissue of 18 cases and no antibodies to several recognised Spiroplasma spp. were detected in sera from 15 patients. These negative cultural and serological results provide no support for published suggestions that CJD brain contains structures morphologically resembling spiroplasmas.

Antibodies↗