Biomedical subjects

R Wise

Publications and source records attributed to R Wise.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1979

Rapid, simple enzyme immunoassay for gentamicin.

An enzyme immunoassay for gentamicin is described. The assay is accurate and specific and needs only simple equipment.

Biological Assay↗

PubMed1979

LY127935, a novel oxa-beta-lactam: an in vitro comparison with other beta-lactam antibiotics.

The in vitro activities of LY127935 (LY) were compared with those of other beta-lactam antibiotics. LY was highly active (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] range 0.06 to 0.25 micrograms/ml) against the common Enterobacteriaceae (including Providencia stuartiia, Enterobacter, and Serrati marcescens), 8 to 16 times more active than cefoxitin, cefuroxime, or cefazolin, and from one-half to one-eighth as active as cefotaxime (HR756). The activity of LY against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (with MICs of 4 and 64 micrograms/ml for 50 and 90% of test strains, respectively) was essentially similar to that of cefotaxime, but was only one-half as active as CGP 7174/E. LY, cefoxitin, and cefotaxime were essentially equally active against Bacteroides fragilis--each was more active than cefuroxime and cefazolin. Against Staphylococcus aureus, LY (50% MIC and 90% MIC of 4 and 16 micrograms/ml, respectively) was less active than cefotaxime, cefoxitin, or cefuroxime and one-eighth as active as cefazolin. The composition and pH of the culture medium had little effect on the activity of LY, although 7.2 appeared to be the optimum pH.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1979

Interference of cefoxitin in the creatinine estimation and its clinical relevance.

Serum creatinine and creatinine clearance were measured in 10 healthy volunteers before and after an intravenous injection of 2 g cefoxitin sodium. Results were compared with in vitro work which demonstrated a positive interference by cefoxitin in the Jaffé reaction, the routine laboratory method of creatinine measurement. The serum creatinine estimation should be delayed until at least 2 hours after cefoxitin administration. The creatinine clearance may appear to be falsely high.

Cefoxitin↗

PubMed1979

Comparative in vitro microbiological activity and stability of cefaclor.

The in vitro activity of cefaclor was compared with that of cephalexin and cephradine. This new antibiotic was the most active of the oral agents against Haemophilus influenzae (especially non-beta-lactamase producing strains). It was also significantly more active against N. gonorrhoeae and the Enterobacteriaceae. The instability in agar raises some issues that need further study.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1979

The pharmacokinetics of the oral cephalosporins cefaclor, cephradine and cephalexin.

The pharmacokinetics of the oral cephalosporins cefaclor, cephradine, and cephalexin were examined following single 500 mg oral doses to fasted, healthy volunteers. Absorption of the three compounds was rapid following a brief lag period and peak serum levels were obtained in 1-1.5 hours. Serum levels of cefaclor tended to be lower than those of cephradine and cephalexin during the 2-5 hour postdosing period and cefaclor was eliminated more rapidly than other cephalosporins from serum. No difference was observed in the overall bioavailability of the three antibiotics based on comparable FD/V values. Urine levels of the three cephalosporins greatly exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentrations of susceptible organisms during 0-6 hours postdosing, but were considerably reduced during the 6-12 hour collection period. Total urinary recovery of antibiotic activity accounted for almost 90 percent of dosed cephradine and cephalexin compared to 55 percent of dosed cefaclor. Lower serum levels and reduced urinary recovery of intact cefaclor are probably due primarily to its chemical instability. The reduced levels of cefaclor may be compensated for therapeutically by its greater in vitro antibacterial activity.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979