Biomedical subjects

R Wolfram-Gabel

Publications and source records attributed to R Wolfram-Gabel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

New findings on intermetacarpal fat pads: anatomy and imaging.

Many studies have focused on the functional importance of the gliding structures of the hand. These structures are clinically important in reconstructive surgery and mechanically essential for an efficient hand grasp. The aims of this study were to first review the intermetacarpal space and then focus on its fatty tissue, the intermetacarpal fat pad. This study used dissections and histological analysis of fetal and adult hands and CT scans of adult hands. The intermetacarpal fat pads are well-defined adipose structures located between the heads of the second, third, fourth and fifth metacarpal bones. They are located in spaces defined by the palmar fascia and its deep expansions. These spaces are closed distally but open proximally into the tunnels surrounding the flexor tendons (Legueu and Juvara canals). The pads are composed of non-mobilizable fat; they protect the neurovascular pedicles of the fingers. They may act with the palmar skin to mitigate compressive and shear forces during gripping. Finally they may be involved in neurological symptoms if their size is increased by any trauma or inflammatory process.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed2004

The lumbo-gluteal adipose body.

The lumbo-gluteal adipose body (LGAB) is a well-delineated fatty structure, in the lumbo-gluteal trigone, encroaching on the upper part of the gluteal region and flank. The aim of this study was to compare the gross and histological anatomy of the LGAB with that of other well-defined adipose bodies of the human body. The macroscopic study using dissections and slices in the main three planes in adults was supplemented by microscopic study of histological slices taken from fetuses and neonates. The forms and limits of the LGAB are defined, along with its structure. The LGAB appears to act as a filling structure, lining the hypodermis in the regions that it covers.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed2004

Microvascularisation of the male urethra in neonates and infants.

The microvascularisation of the male urethra was studied in neonates and infants by injection of agarised China ink into the circulation. The purpose of this study was to specify the angioarchitecture of each tunic of the urethral wall. The disposition of the microvascularisation networks varies depending on the urethral parts considered: only the mucous membrane networks are uniform throughout the entire urethra. The sub-mucous networks are significantly increased in the spongy part. The muscular networks disappear in the spongy part.

Cadaver↗

PubMed2002

Microvascularization of the female urethra in fetuses, neonates and infants.

The microvascularization of the female urethra was studied in fetuses, neonates and infants by injection of agarized China ink into the circulation. The purpose of this study was to specify the angioarchitecture of each tunic and their specific drainage. The disposition of the microvascularization of the urethra is superimposed on the orientation of the fibers of the muscular tunic. The orientation of the veins of the sub-mucous tunic is longitudinal and not plexiform.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed2002

Adipose body of the orbit.

The adipose body of the orbit (ABO) fills most of the orbital cavity, surrounding the eyeball, muscles, nerves, and vessels. It was studied in histologic section in the three basic planes in the fetus, neonate, and adult. In the retrobulbar area, that is, posterior to the eyeball, adipose tissue occupies the space around the optic nerve and penetrates between the recti muscles, describing a four-leafed clover pattern in frontal section. The fatty tissue of the retrobulbar area also includes the peripheral ring of fat that lies between the muscles and the walls of the orbit. In the part of the peribulbar area located between the muscular insertions on the eyeball anteriorly and the emergence of the optic nerve from the sclera posteriorly, the pattern of adipose tissue is identical to the peripheral ring of fat and the fat between the muscles in the retrobulbar area. External to the muscular insertions and the anterior part of the eyeball, there is a thin ring of histologically similar fatty tissue that is continuous anteriorly with the fatty bodies of the upper and lower eyelids. Histologic examination shows that the lobules are large in that part of the retrobulbar area within the muscle cone and that they are smaller with more fibrous septa in the remaining restricted regions, such as the area between the eyeball and muscles and in the rings around the muscles and around the eyeball. In no case was a septum found separating the peripheral adipose ring from the fat located within the muscle cone.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed2002

Microvascularization of the mucocutaneous junction of the eyelid in fetuses and neonates.

The aim of this study was to specify the microvascularization of the junctional region between the integuments of the superficial surface of the free margin of the eyelid and the palpebral conjunctival mucosa. The study was carried out using histological or transparified slices of upper and lower eyelids taken from fetuses and neonates, in which the vascular system was injected with agarized China ink. The mucocutaneous junction of the eyelid is located at the posterior border of the free margin and extends to its deep surface. It has vascular similarities to the oral cavity and the nasal pyramid. Under a thickened avascular epithelium, there is a papillary network composed of characteristic loops that are less raised than in the lips but more developed than in the nose. The superficial and deep vascular reticular networks are comparable in fundamental arrangement to those of other junctional zones. Thus, the palpebral mucocutaneous junction shows cutaneous-type microvascularization, just like the other junctional zones of the head.

Cadaver↗

PubMed2002

Microvascularization of the mucocutaneous junction of the nose.

The aim of this study was to describe the microvascularization of the area of junction located between the integuments of the nasal ala and the respiratory mucosa. This study is part of an overall study on the microvascularization of the mucocutaneous junctions of the head. It was undertaken on histological or clarified sections of noses from fetuses, newborns and adults whose vascular system was injected with Indian ink agar. The mucocutaneous junction of the nose shows similarities with the mucocutaneous junction of the oral cavity. Under a well-defined avascular and thick epithelium lies a vascular papillary network with typical loops less high than in the lips. The angioarchitectonics of superficial and deep vascular reticular networks is similar to that of the lips but they are less dense.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Microvascularization of the mucocutaneous junctions of the head in fetuses and neonates.

The mucocutaneous junctions of the head (oral, nasal and palpebral) are transitional zones between the integuments and the mucosa. Their microvascularization is studied in the heads of fetuses and neonates by injection of agarized China ink into the vascular system. These zones are situated deep with respect to the free edge of the oral or nasal cavity or relative to the free margin of the eyelid. They present cutaneous-type microvascularization with a papillary network and reticular networks. Long capillary loops connected to the deep reticular network are their main feature. In the lips and eyelids, the morphology of the networks and their relationship with the orbicular muscles are suggestive of a functional structure.

Body Patterning↗

PubMed2000

Is the renal space closed?

The aim of this study is to verify the aperture or the closure of the renal space. The study is undertaken on histological sections of fetuses in the horizontal and sagittal planes. On each side, the kidney and the suprarenal gland are disposed in a space that is closed on all sides. The anterior and posterior layers of the renal fascia fuse at the upper pole of the space to become continuous with the inferior fascia of the diaphragm. Likewise, they merge at the lower pole and at the lateral border of the space to become continuous with the fasciae of the parietal muscles. At the medial border of the space, the two layers merge to continue medially with the peri-aortocaval connective tissue; they penetrate the hilum and beneath it enclose the ureter.

Cadaver↗

PubMed2000

Anatomy and imaging of the deep fat of the face.

The aim of this study is to investigate the deep adipose structures of the face. This study is undertaken on anatomical material dissected or sectioned in the three basic planes and in histological sections. The buccal fat pad is described with its main part and its various extensions implicating several superficial and deep regions of the face. Likewise, the parapharyngeal fat pad in the prestyloid space is described. The histology of the structures is discussed, together with the non-mobilizable nature of the fat. Imaging by MRI shows the shape and relations of these fat pads with the neighboring viscera and muscles and their role as early markers in tumor invasion. Finally, their function, as an intermuscular sliding structure, is highlighted.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed2000

Microvascularisation of lips in ageing edentulous subjects.

Macroscopic changes of the lips in the edentulous elderly subject are accompanied by variations in their microvascularisation. This study was undertaken on histological or clarified sections from totally edentulous subjects whose vascular system was injected with Indian ink agar. A reduction in density and size of the superficial (papillary or mucosal) and deep (reticular or submucosal) networks is observed with age. These changes are to be seen in relation to imaging and to the reduction in occlusal potential of the lips.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Microvascularisation of the raphe buccalis in edentulous subjects, fetus, new-born and adult.

The aim of this study is to describe the microvascularisation of the raphe buccalis located at the inner surface of the cheek. The raphe buccalis is the zone where the maxillary and mandibulary prominences fuse in the embryo during the second month of life. This study was conducted using heads from edentulous subjects, fetuses, newborns and adults, injected with Indian ink in agar, then dissected or sectioned in the three basic planes. The vascular networks of the raphe buccalis are as followed: a deep reticular network, a superficial reticular network and a papillary network. The microvascularisation of the raphe buccalis classifies it as a continuation of the commissure of the mouth and of the mucosa of the cheek.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Microvascularisation of the lips in the fetus and neonate.

The differences observed in the microvascularisation of the lips in the perinatal period correspond to the differences in the histological structures of the cutaneous, glabra, intermediate cutaneous, villous, intermediate mucosal and mucosal parts. A basic pattern is found in each part: on the surface, a papillary or mucosal network, at a deeper level, reticular or submucosal networks and their pedicles. The vascular changes correspond to the transition of tissue (mucocutaneous junction) and are indicative of the functional aspect. The same histological and microcirculatory structures were found in all the preparations, irrespective of the subject's age. Knowledge of the microvascularisation makes it possible to interpret magnetic resonance imaging of the lip better and finds its application in the surgery of the lips.

Fetus↗

PubMed1997

Posterior lumbar epidural fat as a functional structure? Histologic specificities.

STUDY DESIGN: A topographic and histologic study was done to describe the location of the lumbar epidural fat and to find potential tissular specificities. OBJECTIVES: To search for possible histologic characteristics of posterior lumbar epidural fat, which so far has been described as semifluid tissue, and to determine whether posterior lumbar epidural fat is not a simple incidental tissue. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The lumbar epidural fat on two fetuses was studied. In adults, subcutaneous fat and posterior lumbar epidural fat were taken from seven corpses. The authors obtained 13 posterior lumbar epidural fat pads (two at L1-L2, three at L2-L3, six at L3-L4, and two at L4-L5) and four subcutaneous fat pads. METHODS: The authors studied abdominal axial histologic sections in two fetuses, histologic multiplanar sections in seven adults, and semithin sections in four adults of posterior lumbar epidural fat and subcutaneous fat. RESULTS: Fetal distribution of epidural fat was circumferential. Adult epidural fat distribution was limited to the posterior part of the vertebral canal and located at the disc level. Fascicles of connective tissue were less numerous and thinner in posterior lumbar epidural fat than in subcutaneous fat. Organized sliding spaces were found in the posterior epidural fat ped. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior lumbar epidural fat is not a simple incidental tissue and shows specific histologic features: sliding spaces and rarefaction of connective tissue that could explain semifluid features of the tissue. These characteristics suggest a functional role of posterior epidural fat in the lumbar spinal unit.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1997

[Vascular architecture of the caudate nucleus].

The aim of this study is to describe the vascular characteristics of the nucleus caudatus (NC). This study is performed on 30 human brains by injecting the vascular system with gelatinous Indian ink. Examination of serial slices, 250 microns thickness, made translucent by the Spalteholz method, enabled us to follow the course and behavior of the vessels of the NC. The arteries of the NC belong to the group of the central arteries arising from the anterior and middle cerebral arteries or from the anterior choroidal arteries. Inside the different parts of the NC (head, body and tail) the central arteries and their ramifications give rise to a specific vascular network quite similar to this one of the putamen. This network consists of regular, polygonal, rectangular or square meshes. Each mesh is composed by the juxtaposition of vascular units formed by an arterial ring arranged around a principal vein which is surrounded by a capillary free space. The arterioles of the network of the NC are terminal or side branches of the central arteries. They are characteristic in their course by forming rope-like structures (coils) also described on the ramifications of the putaminal central arteries. Similarities between the vascular networks of the NC and the putamen are in relation with the histological structure, with the morphogenetic evolution, with the functional activity. The specificity and the clear delimitation of the vascular networks of the NC and of the putamen are particularly obvious in cerebral vascular diseases leading to infarcts strictly limited to these two nuclei.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

The parapharyngeal adipose corpus: morphologic study.

The parapharyngeal adipose corpus is a well limited adipose structure lying deep in the prestylian space, close to the lateral wall of the upper part of the pharynx. Macroscopic and microscopic anatomic sections were made and compared with CT and MR sectional imaging. The walls and contents of the parapharyngeal adipose corpus are described on the basis of anatomic sections and are symmetrically visualized by sectional imaging in the axial and coronal planes. A knowledge of its relations explains its role in imaging as an early marker of invasive tumoral processes. It is in continuity with the upper part of the buccal fat pad and presents the same functional characteristics of a gliding structure.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1996

[Histologic characteristics of posterior lumbar epidural fatty tissue].

The aim of this study was to describe the histological specificities of posterior lumbar epidural fat (PLEF) considered a "semi-fluid" tissue. We performed axial histological sections of posterior lumbar epidural fat through the abdomen of two foetuses, as well as histological sections on several planes in 11 adults. For comparison, we simultaneously cut sections in subcutaneous fat of adults (SCF). In the foetuses the epidural fat was arranged around the dural sac and extended along the entire lumbar spine, whereas in adults the epidural fat was discontinuous and the fat pads were located at intervertebral disc level, in a trianglular space with posterior apex, limited by the ligamenta flava laterally and by dural sac anteriorly. The PLEF was a homogeneous tissue in both size and shape and consisted of regular adipocytes and little connective tissue. In contrast, the SCF was made of adipocytes which varied in size and shape and were accompanied by numerous connective fibers (fibrous cones) subdividing the hypodermis into lobules. But the main specificity of the PLEF was the oriented empty spaces or slits found and observed in all samples with a special arrangement. These slits subdivided the fat into several layers enabling them to slide and could be regarded as "sliding spaces". They were never observed in the SCF samples. PLEF, therefore, is not a simple filling tissue. Its histological features (homogeneity, scarcity of connective tissue and oriented slits) explain the "semi-fluid" characteristic and confirm the specialization of this fat tissue. Its location at the level of the mobile segment of the lumbar spine suggests that it plays a role of sliding structure between the posterior surface of the thecal sac and the anterior surface of the vertebral arch.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1995

Vascular networks of the periphery of the fingernail.

The vascular networks of the periphery of the fingernail have been studied on fingers of adults, foetuses and neonates, by injecting the vascular system with gelatinous Indian ink. The nail is an avascular structure, partially covered by the nail wall. It is lying on the nail bed which is prolonged forwards with the hyponychium. Each part of the nail apparatus presents a characteristic vascular network derived from dorsal collaterals arising from the palmar digital vessels and from their arcades. These networks are papillary, pseudopapillary, reticular and subdermal. Their morphology and density vary according to their localization and correspond with histological variations of the different parts of the nail apparatus. Thus, the germinal part of the nail bed shows poor vascularization. It is responsible for the colour of the lunula. The sterile part and the hyponychium have dense vascular networks with glomus bodies.

Adult↗