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Biomedical subjects

R Xavier

Publications and source records attributed to R Xavier.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Extreme elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients admitted to a general medical ward in Harare, Zimbabwe.

A prospective, 1-year study was performed to determine the causes of an ESR greater than or equal to 100 in patients admitted to a general medical ward in Harare, Zimbabwe. An ESR greater than or equal to 100 was found in 101 (12%) patients. Infection (46 patients) was the commonest cause, followed by malignancy (25), connective tissue disease (17), renal disease (8) and liver disease (5). The frequency of an ESR greater than or equal to 100 in these diagnostic groups was infection (28%), malignancy (44%), connective tissue disease (71%), renal disease (30%) and liver disease (24%). Pneumonia was the commonest infection diagnosed and the commonest cause of a markedly elevated ESR. Although myeloma was only the second commonest malignancy diagnosed it was the commonest malignancy causing an ESR greater than or equal to 100. In the largest group, infection, there was a significantly increased mortality in patients with an ESR greater than or equal to 100.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1980

[Plantar ulcer secondary to spondylolisthesis. Report of a case].

A case of a 41 year-old-woman with a long history of back pain and bilateral plantar ulcer due to spondylolisthesis is reported. Symptomatology was solved by decompression followed by spinal fusion. Brief comments are presented on clinical aspects and surgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preservation of the pancreas for the simultaneous transplantation of kidney-pancreas].

This paper studies the advances that have participated in the development of preservation solutions for the combined kidney-pancreas transplantation. These developments have been associated most importantly with hypothermia, the use of colloid solutions with high oncotic pressure, and the maintenance of near-intracellular ionic concentration. At the present time, the more effective solutions are the plasma-like modified Silica Gel Fraction and the starch and lactobionate based solution such as, the UW. Further advances in this area, would allow for improved results in the combined kidney-pancreas transplant preparation.

Forecasting↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lyell's syndrome in an AIDS patient].

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), or Lyell's syndrome, is a rare cutaneous reaction, most often drug related with drugs such as sulfonamides, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-convulsants and allopurinol. It is characterised by extensive mucocutaneous detachment and usually associated with severe constitutional symptoms. The mortality rate is about 20-66%. The incidence of TEN is increasing among HIV-infected patients, mostly those in an advanced stage of the disease. Although the pathophysiology of TEN is still unclear, data have been reported that support different aetiologies: an immune mechanism, an abnormal pattern of drug biotransformation and a modulating genetic susceptibility. The diagnosis of Lyell's syndrome is mainly clinical because the confirmation of the drug involved is more difficult since there are no safe and reliable skin or in vitro tests that are generally available. THe authors report a case of TEN in a patient with AIDS whose clinical characteristics and evolution are a particular example of this pathology and of the related problems of diagnosis and therapeutics. The fact that this patient presented a prior adverse drug reaction (ADR) besides Lyell's syndrome and a later cutaneous hyperreactivity, raised a complex problem: the risk of reintroducing drugs previously withdrawn due to their possible association with ADRs and the absolute need to treat active disorders. In view of the increased risk of severe cutaneous ADRs, namely TEN, in patients with AIDS, the authors point out the need to set up new guidelines concerning both an early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of these situations and the management of subsequent therapeutics.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗