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R Yancik

Publications and source records attributed to R Yancik.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Breast cancer in aging women. A population-based study of contrasts in stage, surgery, and survival.

Over 43% of the newly diagnosed breast cancers in the US occur in women 65 years or older. Yet little attention is devoted to the age-associated aspects of this malignancy. This study uses data on more than 125,000 women diagnosed from 1973 to 1984 to examine the influence of advancing age on breast cancer. The National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program provides information on disease stage, surgery, histologic type, and survival time to compare and contrast women in all age groups. Women who present initially with distant disease are more likely to be elderly. Certain surgical procedures are used less frequently for older women. No unusual age variations in histologic features are noted. Elderly women do as well as younger patients in survival time for localized and regional stages of breast cancer; for distant disease, they fare worse. Results emphasize the need to focus on elderly women for screening, early detection, diagnostic evaluation, and therapy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

The elderly population. Opportunities for cancer prevention and detection.

Interest in the elderly population, persons 65 years of age or older, as a target group for cancer control has not been great. Age recommendations rarely are made for prevention and early detection of cancer for elderly persons. However, cancer incidence and mortality rates are known to rise rapidly with increasing age. This paper takes a long-term public-health perspective to look toward the year 2030 to discuss the challenges of organizing and implementing prevention and early detection incentives for our nation's current and future elderly population. Cancer prevalence estimates in the context of the geriatric imperative of the 21st century are provided for three cancers--breast, prostate, and lung and bronchus. The sheer magnitude of numbers created by the aged population expansion can greatly increase the number of cancer survivors and newly diagnosed cases. Current efforts in cancer prevention and early detection should anticipate the health-care demands of the elderly in the first three decades of the next century.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Selection factors in clinical trials: results from the Community Clinical Oncology Program Physician's Patient Log.

Between August 1984 and November 1985, data concerning 44,156 newly diagnosed cancer patients were entered in the Community Clinical Oncology Program Physician's Patient Log. Forty percent (17,773 patients) had a National Cancer Institute-approved protocol available for site and stage of disease. Fifty-six percent of patients with a protocol available were clinically eligible and 19% were entered on protocol. Thus, one-third of clinically eligible patients were entered in the study. Age was a major factor influencing eligibility and entry on study. Eighty percent of patients less than 25 years of age with a protocol available were clinically eligible for clinical trials participation, and 58% were placed on protocol. Patients greater than or equal to 65 years of age with a protocol available were less likely to be clinically eligible (48%) or placed on study (14%). A physician's preference for an alternate treatment and patient refusal for protocol treatment were also important reasons that clinically eligible patients were not registered on protocol. Selection for clinical trials participation affects the characteristics of patients under study and may have an impact on the ability to generalize the results of clinical trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ovarian cancer in the elderly: an analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program data.

With use of a unique data set from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute for 11,062 women diagnosed with ovarian cancer from 1973 to 1982, this study focuses on the impact of old age on this malignancy. Aspects of ovarian cancer as it pertains especially to elderly women (those 65 years or older) are examined according to age/stage relationships at initial diagnosis and age variations in treatment and survival. Elderly women are more likely than younger women to be in advanced stages of ovarian cancer at initial diagnosis, and they constitute about 42% of this group. In the stage-unknown category, over 50% are 65 years or older. Data suggest that elderly women are treated more conservatively than younger patients. The National Cancer Institute data also illustrate the increased preference to treat this neoplasm with surgical procedures and chemotherapy rather than surgical procedures and radiation. For Stages III and IV disease, 5-year relative survival rates for elderly women are almost one half of the rate observed for women under 65. Although the prognosis of patients with advanced ovarian tumors is poor for all, it is even worse as age progresses.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of cancer in the elderly. Current status and projections for the future.

This paper provides an epidemiologic overview for the international conference, "Problems of Treatment of Cancer in the Elderly," Rome, Italy. The current cancer burden in the elderly and demographic situation and what can be anticipated in coming decades is profiled for the United States with data from epidemiologic perspective of cancer and aging. The National Institute on Aging (NIA), Geriatrics Program is promoting interest in integrating aging and cancer research. In the United States, the cancer burden of the elderly is high and has increased over time. Currently, 60% of all malignant tumors occur in the age group 65 years and older, 69% of all cancer deaths are in this age group. As the U.S. population ages, the needs for cancer control will continue to increase. The age segment of the U.S. population is 2.5% (31.1 million). Based on current projections by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, by 2030, one in five Americans will be 65+, reflecting a proportion of 20.1% of the total population (70.2 million persons). The paper describes cancer in the elderly, now and in the future, emphasizing several pertinent issues, the comorbidity burden of cancer patients, the impact of the expansion of the aged segment of the U.S. population over time, and cancer prevalence. Briefly mentioned, also, are two recent research announcements initiated by the NIA and cosponsored by the NCI and other NIH Institutes, "Aging Women and Breast Cancer", and "Aging, Race, and Ethnicity in Prostate Cancer".

Aged↗