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Biomedical subjects

R Yanez

Publications and source records attributed to R Yanez.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of tuberculosis educational activities for prisoners in Honduras.

SETTING: Prisons throughout Honduras. OBJECTIVE: To assess the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities to improve non-standardized tuberculosis (TB) educational campaign materials utilized in prisons. DESIGN: A qualitative assessment was conducted. Prison staff completed a survey describing development and implementation of educational activities at each prison (n=25). Completed surveys with photographs or copies of educational materials were collected and cataloged. The content, literacy demand, illustrations, learning stimulation, and cultural appropriateness of cataloged items were assessed using an adapted version of the Suitability Assessment of Materials Instrument. Results from this assessment were examined in conjunction with information collected through focus groups conducted with prisoners and interviews with prison staff. RESULTS: Campaign strengths included the development and dissemination of print materials appropriate for individuals with low literacy levels. By actively engaging prisoners in the campaigns, materials often incorporated the language, values, and experiences encountered within prison culture. Content of print materials and presentations focused on correcting misperceptions and facilitating acceptance of TB control activities. Campaign weaknesses included the creation of illustrations that could perpetuate the stigma associated with TB and use of some materials in which the purpose was not apparent. CONCLUSIONS: The campaigns were generally suitable, and the evaluation allowed for their improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Isospin diffusion and the nuclear symmetry energy in heavy ion reactions.

Using symmetric 112Sn+112Sn, 124Sn+124Sn collisions as references, we probe isospin diffusion in peripheral asymmetric 112Sn+124Sn, 124Sn+112Sn systems at an incident energy of E/A=50 MeV. Isoscaling analyses imply that the quasiprojectile and quasitarget in these collisions do not achieve isospin equilibrium, permitting an assessment of isospin transport rates. We find that comparisons between isospin sensitive experimental and theoretical observables, using suitably chosen scaled ratios, permit investigation of the density dependence of the asymmetry term of the nuclear equation of state.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Isospin fractionation in nuclear multifragmentation

Isotopic distributions for light particles and intermediate mass fragments have been measured for 112Sn+112Sn, 112Sn+124Sn, 124Sn+112Sn, and 124Sn+124Sn collisions at E/A = 50 MeV. Isotope, isotone, and isobar yield ratios are utilized to estimate the isotopic composition of the gas phase at freeze-out. Analyses within the equilibrium limit imply that the gas phase is enriched in neutrons relative to the liquid phase represented by bound nuclei. These observations suggest that neutron diffusion is commensurate with or more rapid than fragment production.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Antifertility effects of (+)-S-2-amino-6-iodoacetamidohexanoic acid (2-AIHA) in female rats.

(+)-S-2-amino-6-iodoacetamidohexanoic acid (AIHA), an irreversible inhibitor of the ornithindecarboxylase and extrahepatic arginase enzymatic activities with antineoplasic properties, was evaluated for antifertility activity in pregnant rats by oral administration at different periods of gestation. Our results showed that doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg of AIHA orally administered produced a contraceptive effect when it was administered from days 2 to 5, and 8 to 12 of gestation, respectively. The gestation time was slightly shortened when AIHA was applied from day 15 until labor. No sign of external malformations in fetuses was observed. On the other hand, AIHA did not affect the total length of oestrous cycle at the same dosage level used to interrupt pregnancy. In ovariectomized immature rats, neither changes in uterine weight, premature vaginal opening, or cornified cells were found. However, AIHA enhanced the estradiol-induced increase in uterine weights when both were concomitantly administered.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1986

Intestinal malrotation presenting outside the neonatal period.

We report 37 patients ranging in age from 1 month to 14 years treated for intestinal malrotation during a five year period. The main presenting features consisted of intermittent attacks of vomiting (15 patients), failure to thrive (seven), and recurrent colicky abdominal pain (seven). The diagnosis was confirmed by gastrointestinal contrast studies in all but three patients. A standard Ladd's procedure comprised the definitive surgical treatment. We emphasise the poor nutritional state at the time of operation (49% of the cases were on or below the third centile). In contrast with neonatal presentation, volvulus of the midgut occurred in only five patients (14%) compared with 68% in neonates with malrotation. There were two deaths in the series. Ninety four per cent of the remaining patients responded favourably to the operative procedure. Malrotation should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a wide variety of symptoms and should be treated promptly once the diagnosis has been confirmed.

Abdomen↗