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Biomedical subjects

R Yoshikawa

Publications and source records attributed to R Yoshikawa.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Muir-Torre syndrome].

Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis that is characterized by the presence of at least one sebaceous gland tumor with or without keratoacanthoma, and a minimum of one internal malignancy. The most commonly associated neoplasms were colorectal (51%) and genitourinary (25%). MTS shares a number of clinical and pathological presentations with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC), including: tendency to develop right-sided colon cancers; predisposition for the development of extracolonic tumors; and prolonged survival after surgical treatment. These family members should be monitored to detect cancers preliminaly and enrolled in life-long surveillance.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

[Studies on skin irritation with urostomy--the gross and histologic evaluation of the attached area with urostomy].

The degree of damage on the peristomal skin of 42 patients who accepted the urostomy was visually and histologically evaluated. The incidence of damages on the areas of the skin where the materials was applied was 85.7%. The occurrence of non-active lesions (mainly permanent pigment change) was statistically more significant than the active lesions (mainly redness) [p < 0.05]. The incidence of skin lesions using the skin barrier agents was significantly lower statistically than the incidence with the adhesive medication indicating a superior treatment for the skin condition [p < 0.05]. Although the gross appearances were normal, the microscopic and electron microscopic evaluations detected chronic damages indicating comparatively evident changes. The results suggest that these histological evaluations are useful in examining the damage on peristomal skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Use of a heat exchanger to prevent hypothermia during thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysm repairs.

Hypothermia is a common unplanned occurrence in many patients undergoing repair of thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysms. Many undesirable side effects of hypothermia have been documented, including decreased cardiac output, conduction abnormalities, and blood coagulopathies. We have developed a simple system that incorporates a Sci-Med Biotherm heat exchanger into our left heart bypass circuit. This provides us with the ability to actively rewarm the patient safely and efficiently. This study looks at 16 consecutive patients undergoing repair of thoracic or thoracoabdominal aneurysms. In the 9 patients in whom the heat exchanger was used, there were no adverse effects related to the heat exchanger. All patients had significantly higher temperatures at the conclusion of the procedure than the 7 patients in whom the heat exchanger was not used.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1991

Monoclonal antibody against human bone alkaline phosphatase.

A monoclonal antibody which reacts preferentially with human bone alkaline phosphatase (AP) has been developed using human osteosarcoma bone AP as an immunogen. The antibody with the highest selectivity shows about three- and a-half fold greater binding to bone than to liver AP. The selectivity was confirmed using mixtures of authentic samples of the bone and liver isoenzymes. Its selectivity was also shown by measurements of bone AP in sera from patients with either bone or liver diseases. Such a selective antibody could lead to the development of a monoclonal antibody highly specific for bone AP which can be used for a more sensitive approach for quantitative analysis of the isoenzyme.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

The microbial flora from root canals and periodontal pockets of non-vital teeth associated with advanced periodontitis.

Microflora from root canals and periodontal pockets of periodontally affected teeth were compared in order to elucidate the as yet unknown relationship between pulpal and periodontal disease. Caries-free teeth affected with advanced periodontitis and diagnosed as clinically dead by electric pulp testing were selected. The root canals and periodontal pockets were sampled, and the bacterial flora examined by both culture and interference microscopy. The results indicated that the aerobe/anaerobe ratio in the periodontal pocket was 0.23, while it was 0.0022 in the root canal, the large predominance of obligate anaerobes reflecting the anaerobic environment found in the root canal. Morphological classification obtained from interference microscopy showed similar proportions of morphotypes in the two sites. Results of anaerobic culture demonstrated a significantly higher rate of detection of facultative Streptococcus bacteria in the periodontal pocket than in the root canal. The predominant bacterial species common to both regions were Streptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Eubacterium, Bacteroides, and Fusobacterium for obligate anaerobes. As for facultative anaerobes, Actinomyces and Streptococcus were detected predominantly in the periodontal pocket. The occurrence of micro-organisms common to both sites in this study suggests that the periodontal pocket may be a possible source of root canal infections.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1987

Paratropomyosin, a new myofibrillar protein, weakens rigor linkages formed between actin and myosin.

We have used an enzymatic technique to determine the weakening effect of paratropomyosin, a new myofibrillar protein, on rigor linkages formed between actin and myosin, and to clarify the distinct function of paratropomyosin, as to that of tropomyosin. Paratropomyosin inhibited the Mg-ATPase activity and enhanced the K-ATPase activity of reconstituted actomyosin stoichiometrically, and its maximal binding to actin was estimated to occur at a molar ratio of 1: 12.5. Paratropomyosin also inhibited the myofibrillar Mg-ATPase activity by 49% and enhanced the myofibrillar K-ATPase activity to 126%, while tropomyosin had no effect on these ATPases. These results indicate that paratropomyosin is able to bind to thin filaments of myofibrils, because the binding site for paratropomyosin on F-actin is different from that for tropomyosin, and that, due to its greater affinity for the myosin binding site on actin, paratropomyosin competes for the binding site and helps weaken rigor linkages.

Actins↗