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Biomedical subjects

R ZICKMANTEL

Publications and source records attributed to R ZICKMANTEL.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1965

THE CHILLIWACK RESPIRATORY SURVEY, 1963. IV. THE EFFECT OF TOBACCO SMOKING ON THE PREVALENCE OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE.

Chronic non-specific respiratory disease was found by a survey at Chilliwack, B.C., to affect 29.3% of men and 18.0% of women between the ages of 25 and 74. The habit of current cigarette smoking was found to be the most important single factor associated with respiratory disease, and was found to be related to changes in simple measures of lung function. The authors were unable to confirm the existence of a threshold in lifetime cigarette smoking before respiratory disease occurred.Comparisons were made with a population previously studied at Berlin, New Hampshire, U.S.A., in 1961. At Berlin, where pollution by SO(2) and dust-fall had been thoroughly documented, the comparable prevalence rates for respiratory disease were 40.0% for men and 21.6% for women. When differences between the two populations as to age and number of cigarettes smoked daily were taken into account, the disease rates in these two communities were found to be quite similar. The Chilliwack sample did, however, have significantly higher values for the lung function tests.

Berlin↗
PubMed1965

THE CHILLIWACK RESPIRATORY SURVEY, 1963: 3. THE PREVALENCE OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN A RURAL CANADIAN TOWN.

The prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms and of abnormalities in pulmonary function was determined by a survey of persons, aged 25 to 74, residing during May and June 1963 in a rural town, Chilliwack, B.C. Morning phlegm was reported by 26% of men and 13% of women. Chronic bronchitis was considered present in 21.5% of men and 11.3% of women. More serious obstructive lung disease, not related to heart disease, was found in 12.6% of men and 8.7% of women. These prevalences were higher than those found by the authors at Berlin, New Hampshire, U.S.A., in 1961. Demographic factors, such as birthplace, occupational class and measures of social stability, were not related to the prevalence of respiratory disease at Chilliwack. Some observer variation was found after analysis to be the result of non-randomization of respondents among the observers. An incidental observation was a high prevalence at Chilliwack of heart disease and hypertension under treatment.

Asthma↗
PubMed1963

FACTORS RELATING TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF MEDICAL STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

The performance of medical students enrolled at the University of British Columbia from 1952 to 1961 is reviewed and related to certain descriptive factors available to the screening committee at the time of application. Almost 40% of enrolled students had academic difficulty in medical school; 16.4% failed a complete year. Since 91% of students who failed out, did so after freshman medicine examinations, these grades were examined for significant association with certain intellectual and non-intellectural factors. Sex and year of registration were not significantly associated with freshman performance, but permanent home address was: students from other Commonwealth countries did not perform as well as Canadians. Significant correlations were observed between both pre-medical grades and Medical College Admission Test scores and first-year medicine marks. By multiple regression analysis four factors were found to be predictive: age, number of pre-medical years completed at the time of application, overall pre-medical grade average and "Science" M.C.A.T. score. From the resulting equation, 77.4% of the grades of medical students who completed their freshman year in 1962 were predicted within one standard error. Students on the whole were noted to perform consistently in pre-medicine and medicine.

Canada↗
PubMed1963

Response to a respiratory survey.

Respondents to a respiratory survey of Berlin, New Hampshire, residents in 1961 have been studied to assess the relationship between co-operation and respiratory disease prevalence. Two hundred and forty-three unco-operative subjects, interviewed at home, had significantly more morning phlegm and a lower vital capacity than carefully matched subjects who attended the central clinic. Fifty-one volunteers had the same prevalence of respiratory disease symptoms and physiological abnormalities as carefully matched subjects drawn from a probability sample of the city.It is concluded that respiratory disease prevalence will be underestimated if calculated from studies of co-operative subjects who attend a clinic. Case-finding by respiratory disease screening clinics will also miss many persons who suffer from chronic bronchitis.

Berlin↗