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Biomedical subjects

R Zhioua

Publications and source records attributed to R Zhioua.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule type 1 in the conjunctiva of diabetic patients: a preliminary study].

PURPOSE: Recent research has incriminated adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. These molecules have been found to be expressed in many cells participating in inflammatory processes and neovascularization. The purpose of our investigation was to study the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule type 1 (ICAM-1) in the conjunctiva of diabetic patients without retinopathy in comparison with normal human conjunctiva. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen conjunctival biopsies were obtained from diabetic patients without retinopathy. The ocular fundus examination and retinal fluorescein angiography were normal. The normal human conjunctiva were taken from five patients undergoing senile cataract surgery. Immunohistochemical analysis consisted of indirect immunoperoxidase using the monoclonal antibody ICAM-1. RESULTS: The adhesion molecule ICAM-1 was immunolocalized in epithelial, vascular endothelial, and inflammatory cells. The expression of this molecule was different in diabetic patients for the same duration. In the normal human conjunctiva, the expression of ICAM-1 was very low. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study shows that ICAM-1 is present in the conjunctiva of diabetic patients without retinopathy and thus may add new insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Central serous chorioretinopathy in a kidney transplant patient].

We report a case of central serous chorioretinopathy in a patient who received a kidney transplant for chronic renal failure. We describe clinical and angiographic particularities and the progression of central serous chorioretinopathy in this case. Many factors can be involved in the occurrence of central serous chorioretinopathy in patients with kidney transplants, especially the hemodynamic problems related to renal failure and to the arterial hypertension that are often associated, the stress due to transplantation surgery, and the long-term corticotherapy prescribed postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tear: surgical procedures and results of the perfluorocarbon liquid-silicone oil exchange with scleral buckling].

INTRODUCTION: Anatomical and functional results of the treatment of retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tear have been markedly improved with the development of the vitrectomy procedure and especially the use of perfluorocarbon liquids. In this study, we report treatment results of retinal detachment associated with giant tear in 17 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study included 17 patients (17 eyes), aged between 18 and 61 years, with retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tear. The size of the tear was between 90 degrees and 220 degrees . Proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade C was present in two eyes. Preoperative visual acuity ranged between 40/50 and light perception. All patients underwent scleral buckling, vitrectomy, perfluorocarbon liquid injection to flatten the retina, endophotocoagulation, cryoapplication and temporary silicone oil tamponade. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 20 months +/- 16. Recurrent retinal detachment occurred in five eyes under silicone oil and in two eyes after its removal. Anatomical success at final follow-up was obtained in 14 eyes (82.3%). Visual acuity improved in all cases with anatomical success in all but one. The most frequent postoperative complications were cataract in 10 cases among 12 phakic eyes and ocular hypertension in four cases. CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy with internal silicone oil tamponade improves the anatomical and functional prognosis of retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tear. Recurrent retinal detachment is usually due to relapsing proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The most frequent postoperative complications remain lens opacification and ocular hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Analysis of optic nerve head by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope in ocular hypertension].

PURPOSE: To analyze optic nerve head topography using confocal the scanning laser ophthalmoscope (CSLO) in ocular hypertension in comparison to normal eyes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined 25 patients with ocular hypertension and 27 normal controls. All of them had a complete ophthalmic examination. Optic nerve head analysis was performed by using a CSLO-type Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT). The following stereometric parameters were evaluated: disc area, area and volume of cup, cup/disc ratio, area and volume of neuroretinal rim, mean and maximal cup depth, cup shape measure, height variation contour, mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) cross-section area. RESULTS: In ocular hypertension eyes, rim volume, height variation contour and RNFL thickness showed a statistically significant reduction compared to normal eyes. CONCLUSION: HRT appears to be an important tool in detecting early damage of retinal nerve fiber layer in ocular hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and vitreous infiltration. A case study].

The infiltration of the vitreous by acute lymphoblastic leukemia is rare. We report the case of a 5-year-old child with acute type-2 lymphoblastic leukemia who had a bilateral dense cellular infiltration resulting in significant vision loss in both eyes with the child counting her fingers at a distance of 20cm. Because the vitreous was not cleared by chemotherapy, we performed a bilateral vitrectomy. Vision improved to 6/10 in both eyes and was stable at the 3-year follow-up.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

[Patients' opinions about day cataract surgery in a general hospital].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the patient satisfaction as a performance indicator of quality of health care delivery in outpatient cataract surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a prospective study using a questionnaire containing 14 items (preoperative work-up, administrative formalities, local anesthesia..) evaluating all the phases of ambulatory surgery for cataract. RESULTS: We collect 75 responding patients and we observed 2/3 of relative satisfaction about outpatient cataract surgery. Negative opinion was in relation with the prolonged time required for preoperative work-up which is done outside the outpatient surgery structure. CONCLUSION: Advances in techniques of locoregional anesthesia and surgery permit today the frequent use of ambulatory treatment in cataract surgery. This method seems to be well accepted by patients. However the prolonged time used to do the preoperative work-up require in the future a centralisation for this procedure.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2000

[Ambulatory cataract surgery].

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study is to show the result of outpatient cataract surgery and its differences or advantages with inpatient cataract surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The retrospective study concern 722 consecutives patients collected from June 1995 till May 1997; 388 underwent outpatient cataract surgery and 384 underwent inpatient cataract surgery. RESULTS: There were non significant difference between the two groups in type of cataract surgery. Immediate postoperative complications and final visual acuity did not show any significant difference in both groups. CONCLUSION: This analysis shows the great advantages of this simple surgical procedure such an increase in cataract operation leading to a decrease of patients in waiting list.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Prevalence of chronic open-angle glaucoma in a county in Tunis].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of open angle glaucoma in a population aged 40 years and more living in a county in Tunis (Bardo). METHODS: All subjects were examined according to the same protocol, which included applanation tonometry, examination of the anterior chambre and the optic disc. Goldmann and/or oculokinetic perimetry were performed in subjects with high intraocular pressure (22 mmHg or more) cup to disc ratio of 0.4 or more, optic disc palor, nasal deviation of vessels, presence of hemorhhage of the optic disc. Open angle glaucoma was defined by the presence of any two or all three of the following: high intraocular pressure, glaucomatous visual field defects, and the optic disc changes described above. In cases of denses media opacities the open angle glaucoma was defined when the intraocular pressure was more than 30 mmHg. RESULTS: The prevalence of open angle glaucoma in the 856 subjects was 2.68%. The prevalence increased with age: 0.54% in people 40 to 50 years, 1.71% in people 51 to 65 years and 50.63% in people 65 years or older. Glaucoma was unknown in 91% of the glaucomatous patients screened, and 30.4% had advanced glaucoma. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of open angle glaucoma in our study is slightly higher or similar to that in other white populations but lower than that reported in black populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Retinal detachment in young patients].

We report 48 cases of retinal detachment in 39 patients under the age of 20. These cases represent 12.6% of all retinal detachment cases. They are characterized by their numerous etiologies mainly traumatic (36%) and congenital detachment (36%). They are also characterized by delayed diagnosis (4 months), frequency of macula involvement (92%) and the large area of detachment (total retinal detachment in 48%). Thirty-six out of the 48 eyes were operated on. Surgical treatment consisted in episcleral surgery in 65% of the cases, associated with vitreoretinal surgery in 35% of the cases. Complete anatomic success was achieved in 78.4% of the eyes, localized retinal detachment without macula involvement remained in 5.4% of the cases. Vision between 1/20 and 2/10 was obtained in 41% of the eyes, and superior or equal to 2/10 in 24% of the eyes. These results depended mainly on the aetiology. In conclusion, we obtained good recuperation in operated cases of juvenile retinal detachment even in delayed diagnosis cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment of late leaking of filtering bullae].

Leaking filtering blebs must be repaired immediately to avoid major complications such as hypotony and endophtalmitis. We report four cases of leaking filtering blebs occurring between one to six years after trabeculectomy. Revealing signs were hypotony in two cases and athalamia in two cases. Patching was done in one case and conjunctival reinforcement by rotation of conjunctival flap in 2 cases and free conjunctival graft in one case. Leaking disappeared in all the cases. Normal intraocular pressure (10-12 mmHg) was obtained in all cases except one which was achieved by rotation of conjunctival flap and complicated by retraction of conjunctiva. Conjunctival reinforcement without exicion of the bleb is an easy technique and respect the filtration site. Major complication in our patients is retraction of conjunctival flap which can be avoided by: exicion of Tenon, good fixation to the cornea, and free conjunctival graft.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Macular edema and chronic renal insufficiency].

The authors report two cases of macular oedema in two patients suffering from chronic renal failure. One of the patients, a women aged 36, with a renal transplant, presented with intra-retinal macular oedema, caused by a marked impairment of renal function. In the second case, the macular oedema, associated with papilloedema occurred in a patient aged 56, the day after renal dialysis and spontaneously regressed. The mechanism of macular oedema, seems to be related to modifications of the osmotic pressure and is probably associated with renal dialysis as shown in the second case.

Adult↗