Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Zippel.
IgA, IgG, albumin and lysozyme content in nasal and tracheobronchial secretions from 36 laryngectomized patients was estimated. In comparison with control group (n = 124) IgA, IgG and lysozyme levels were significantly diminished.
A 133Xenon washout test is presented and interpreted. It was developed on the basis of studies into the accumulation of aerosols of different makes (lithium chloride in the form of ultrasonic, vibratory and pressurized aerosols) in the paranasal sinuses and sequential scintigraphy with radioactively labeled aerosols (99m Technetium colloidal sulfur) and is designed to shed light on the gas exchange in the paranasal sinuses and the patency of their orifices. The test constitutes a valuable addition to the battery of diagnostic tools for assessing paranasal sinus function and, at the same time, documents the true value of aerosol therapy.
A general view of actually situation of aerosol application in inflammatory affections of mucous membrane of upper respiratory tract is represented. Aerosol therapy problems of inflammation of the paranasal sinuses - sinus maxillaris and sinus frontalis - are accentuated and new experimental in vivo results are submitted.
The levels of the four ribonucleoside triphosphate (ATP, GTP, UTP and CTP) have been determined in Neurospora crassa in three conditions of exponential growth (on glucose, acetate and glycerol) as well as in the course of a shift-up and a shift-down transition of growth between two of them. Although in some cases the pools appear proportional to the rate of synthesis of ribosomal RNA, this seems not to be strictly dependent on the level of the nucleotides.
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An electromanometric methods for the quantitative measurement of the ventilation of the frontal sinus is described which also measures the resistance of the nasofrontal duct to an experimentally produced hydrodynamic current. The biophysical basis as well as typical results of the examination are demonstrated and the field of clinical application in the differential diagnosis of frontal sinus affections is outlined.
Localization of IgG and IgA was investigated by means of indirect immunofluorescence method in human normal respiratory nasal mucosa. The IgA content in the mucosal plasmacytes was essentially higher than IgG content localized in the plasmacytes. The IgG attached fluorescence of plasmacytes was relatively weak in comparison with interstitium.
148 cases of parotid gland tumours which had been treated during the last 15 years were analysed histomorphologically: There was found in 54.1% mixed tumour (pleomorphic adenoma), 11.5% epithelial malignant tumour, 4.1% sarcoma, 7.4% primary metastasis, 22.9% other benignant tumours. In 2.5% of 80 cases of mixed tumour a malignant degeneration was revealed. Some cases of double tumours and more seldom tumours as for instance lymphoepithelioma and malignant papillary cystadenoma are presented. A critical appraisal of primary sarcomas is following, but also a comment to the problem of primary metastasis in the parotid gland. The author's opinion is now: favourable therapeutic results can be reached in cases of small and modestly enlarged mixed tumours by means of the so-called "extracapsular" or "extended extracapsular" removal on the understanding that a critical casuistic choice was made and a skilled surgical procedure was applied. On this way relapses have been observed in 2.6% of the author's cases till now. A five years survival time of epithelial malignant tumours was found in 17.7% (88.2% of all epithelial malignant tumours had been treated at stage III and IV). All patients suffering from a sarcoma died within a period of 1/2 to 3 1/2 years after therapy except a case of Hodgkin's sarcoma (8 1/2 years). Primary metastasis in the parotid gland in cases of malignant tumours of head and skull sometimes was discovered in the author's cases, the infavourable prognosis of which was similar to primary malignant tumours at all.
The secretion pressure as well as the speed of resorption for saliva and water in the parotid gland is studied by electromanometry in 40 male and 14 female healthy persons on stop-flow conditions in rest and after gustatory stimulation with lemon juice. The course of intraglandular pressure after stoppage and retrograde instillation of pure water is demonstrated by typical diagrams. The essentials are discussed. The mutual relations of the measured parameters and those existing with the age are examined by means of simple correlation and linear regression analysis. Results of this analysis show that the pressure of resting secretion diminishes due to increasing age. With increasing secretory activity of the parotid gland the speed of intraglandular resorption increases, too. Pure water with be resorpted more quickly than saliva. Sex differences are not existing.
The increase of air pollution problems and occupationally exposed noxious substances require an intensification of research in the field of mucosa of the respiratory tract. Interrelations of structure and function of the mucosa are considered. Open problems including resorption are discussed. Due to the relatively limited range of reactivity of the respiratory mucosa, the continuous functional and defense stress may result in subacute and chronic inflammatory changes. The reasons for this reactivity pattern are elucidated and the various endogenic and exogenic factors and the stages of inflammation are characterized. The protection against infection and the immunological system are discussed in the light of modern scientific findings, showing that the basic functions of the mucosa and the unspecific (congenital) as well as specific (acquired) factors - the immunoglobulins - make necessary further investigations.
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