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Biomedical subjects

R Zschaber

Publications and source records attributed to R Zschaber.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Laparoscopic splenectomy].

From August until October 1992 laparoscopic splenectomy has been performed upon three patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenia. The splenic vessels were divided by an Endo-GIA. The spleen could be removed through a slightly extended trocar-incision. The Idiopathic thrombocytopenia without an enlarged spleen provides a possible indication for laparoscopic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Dose-finding study for hyperfractionated, accelerated radiotherapy plus simultaneous carboplatin administration in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer].

Therapy of large inoperable squamous cell-carcinomas of the head and neck is considerably problemful. Combined simultaneous radio-chemotherapy with carboplatin and radiotherapy with hyperfractionated accelerated radiation is small effective than conventional monofractionated radiotherapy alone and may reduce side effects. Aim of the following study was dosage optimisation of the applicated carboplatin.

Carboplatin↗
PubMed1990

Phase II study of carboplatin in untreated, inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer.

A total of 51 previously untreated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with 130 mg/m2 carboplatin given every 4 weeks as an i.v. infusion on days 1, 3, and 5. Ten patients achieved a partial response and five, a minor response. The overall response rate was 20% (95% confidence limits, 8%-32%). The median duration of response was 3 months and the median overall survival was 4.5 months. Leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia of WHO grade 3 occurred in 4%-6% of patients and grade 3 nausea and vomiting was observed in 8% of our subjects. Grade 4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 3 (6%) patients. Apart from nausea and vomiting, nonhematologic toxicities above grade 2 were not observed. Further trials using carboplatin in NSCLC as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents or radiation are warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Cisplatin-Vepeside versus Endoxan-Vepeside in the treatment of small cell bronchial cancer. A randomized study].

Within the framework of a multi-centre prospective randomised therapeutic trial, 150 patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) were treated with cisplatin/vepesid and endoxan/vepesid. The aim of the study was to establish whether cisplatin--which although effective is commonly associated with adverse effects--can be replaced by endoxan. The sequence of treatment was oriented to the stage and course of the tumour disease. In the event of a treatment failure, cross-over to the alternative combination was effected. In terms of remission rates, the combination cisplatin/vepesid proved to be more effective than endoxan/vepesid, in particular in the case of patients with extensive disease. With respect to duration of remission and survival duration, however, no significant differences were to be seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Chemotherapy of small cell bronchial cancer with a combination of carboplatin, vincristine and etoposide].

In a phase II study, the combination of the new platinum derivative carboplatin with vincristine and etoposide is associated with a remission rate of 81.8 per cent (LD 84.4%, ED 79.1%). The median survival rates for patients with limited disease have not yet been reached, and, at 11.5 months in the case of patients with extensive disease, are unexpectedly high. In comparison with combinations containing cisplatin, the present combination would appear to be superior, and its toxicity is also lower. For a definitive assessment of its usefulness, it must be compared with other standard treatment regimens in prospective, randomized studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Phase III therapy study in patients with small cell bronchial cancer].

In a prospective randomized study 150 patients with small cell lung carcinoma (80 cases with extended, 70 cases with limited disease) received either cisplatin + etoposide (DDP/VP) or cyclophosphamide + etoposide (cyclo/VP) as induction chemotherapy. Patients were crossed over when less than complete remission was achieved. Treatment failures received a salvage regimen with adriamycin + vindesine (ADM/VDS). Remission rates (complete + partial remissions) achieved with DDP/VP were 87.4% (40.6% + 46.8%) in limited disease and 72.2% (10.1% + 62.1%) in extended disease; response rates seen following cyclo/VP were 78.8% (31.5% + 47.3%) in limited and 51.0% (6.9% + 44.1%) in extended disease. Median survival time for patients in complete remission was 12.0 months following DDP/VP and 14 months following cyclo/VP; for patients in partial remission 10.0 and 9.0 months, respectively. The analysis of the treatment results shows an equal effectivity of both induction regimes which, however, seem to be largely cross resistant. DDP/VP probably causes more stable longtime remissions. The salvage regimen ADM/VDS was ineffective. The results achieved with this rather complex therapeutic strategy are not superior to those seen with simpler regimes.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Possibilities of chemotherapy in patients with bronchial cancer].

The introduction of chemotherapy in the treatment of small cell lung cancer made this a potentially curable disease. Despite intensive efforts, non-small cell lung cancer, however, remains refractory to chemotherapy. In patients with small cell lung cancer efforts are concentrating on increasing the cure rates. In patients with non-small lung cancer efforts are directed at achieving an optimal combination of palliative action and quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Chemotherapy with mitomycin C, vindesine and ifosfamide in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell bronchial carcinoma].

27 patients (24 male und 3 female) with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer were treated with combined mitomycin C, vindesine, and ifosfamide. The performance status of all patients was over 70%. 20 patients had extensive disease, 7 limited disease. The most frequent histology was squamous cell carcinoma found in 20 patients. Only 3 patients had large cell carcinoma and 4 patients adenocarcinoma. 2 complete (7.7%) and 9 partial remissions (34.6%) were achieved. 3/26 (11.5%) patients showed a minor response. In 7/26 patients (26.9%) there was no change, 5/26 (19.2%) showed progressive disease. Because of the short observation time, no deductions regarding the duration of remission and survival time of the patients can be made. The toxicity of the regimen was relatively mild. In particular, the subjective gastro-intestinal symptoms occurred only in 50% of our patients. The hematological toxicity was acceptable. Also the renal toxicity did not pose problems. Considering an exact lung function analysis with diffusing capacity and spirometric data, we found an unexpectedly high proportion of pulmonary toxicity in about 30%, but clinically obvious in only 10% of patients. According to the remission rates, this regimen is comparable to combinations with cisplatin and appears to have much less toxicity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Cisplatin, vindesine and VP 16-213 in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell bronchial carcinoma. A clinical phase II study].

In the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer a drug-combination of cis-platinum, vindesine and VP-16 seemed logical because the drugs were non cross-resistant and there would be an additive effectiveness with acceptable toxicity. That was the basis for a phase-II trial started in July 1981 in which 60 patients with untreated non-small-cell lung cancer were entered until November 1982. There were 51 male and 9 female evaluable. The performance status of all patients was over 70%. Over 65% had extensive disease. The most frequent histology was squamous cell carcinoma that we found in 45% of our patients with bronchial carcinomas. Only 14 patients had large cell carcinomas and only 8 patients adenocarcinomas. 40% was the objective remission rate (5% complete remissions and 35% partial remissions). 9 patients (=15%) had a minor response; in 18 patients (=30%) there was no change, 9 patients showed progressive disease. The median survival time of responders is presently 14.9 months, which is significantly higher than the 9.1 months of non-responders. The toxicity of the triple-drug-combination was tolerable. The greatest problem was gastrointestinal toxicity with nausea and vomiting. The hematological toxicity was not as severe as expected. The renal toxicity was not a problem. We did not see drug related deaths.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Predominant cutaneous infiltration by OKT6- and OKT8-positive cells in a case of Sézary syndrome.

Using an immunoperoxidase (skin biopsy) and an immunofluorescence (peripheral blood, bone marrow punctate) technique, and monoclonal antibodies raised against peripheral mature lymphocytes, T helper subsets, T suppressor subsets, and Langerhans cells, we found a predominant dermal infiltration with lymphocytes of the suppressor phenotype and a predominant epidermal infiltration with Langerhans cells in a patient with Sézary syndrome (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, CTCL). Repeated peripheral blood examinations showed an increased percentage of lymphocytes of the helper phenotype. A bone marrow examination revealed a ratio of suppressor/helper subsets of 1:4. The findings in the skin seem to be inconsistent with most of the results of previous studies in patients with CTCL; the significance of these findings is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

A subtype of the prototypic karyotype in acute myeloid leukemia t (8; 21) (q22; q22), del 9 (q13; q23).

Two patients with acute myeloid leukemia are described in whom G- and C-banding analysis of bone marrow cells revealed, besides the translocation t(8;21), an additional structural anomaly characterized by the deletion of bands q13 to q23 of one chromosome no. 9. Findings in the literature support the proposal that this constellation represents a hitherto unreported subtype of the prototypic karyotype in AML.

Adult↗