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Biomedical subjects

Rahul Grover

Publications and source records attributed to Rahul Grover.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Modulation of CR1 transcript in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by IFN-gamma and immune complex.

Reduced expression of Erythrocyte Complement Receptor 1 (E-CR1) is envisaged to contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We determined the levels of CR1 transcript in the neutrophils from 25 untreated patients with active SLE and 25 normal healthy individuals and, studied the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and immune complexes (IC) on the same. The study revealed a marked decline in the levels of neutrophil CR1 (N-CR1) transcript in the patients with SLE, and differential pattern of IFN-gamma and IL-4 expression in the neutrophils from normals and patients. Opsonized immune complexes down regulated CR1 transcript in patients and IFN-gamma up regulated the same both in normals and patients. Immune complexes suppressed this effect of IFN-gamma. IL-4 also suppressed the effect of IFN-gamma but effect confined only to the normals. This is the first real-time RT-PCR data comparing the neutrophil CR1 expression in normals and patients with SLE and its modulation by IFN-gamma, IL-4 and immune complexes. IFN-gamma and immune complexes, respectively, emerged as the positive and negative modulators of neutrophil CR1 transcript in SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in Indian patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

The association of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been reported in several populations including one from a rural community in North India. However, the association of ApoE polymorphism with vascular dementia (VaD) is yet to be established in this population. In a case-control study involving 54 cases of dementia (29 AD and 25 VaD) and 76 age-matched healthy controls, the frequency of epsilon4 allele was significantly higher among cases of AD and VaD compared with controls (p < 0.001). The epsilon3epsilon3 (p < 0.05) and epsilon2epsilon3 (p < 0.001) genotypes were found to be protective. The odds of developing AD or VaD were 4.4 and 3.7 times higher, respectively, in the presence of even a single epsilon4 allele. Our results suggest that the increased risk of developing AD or VaD is similar among Asian Indians with ApoE epsilon4 compared with the Caucasian population.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Emergencies in rheumatology.

Rheumatological conditions can sometimes present as emergencies. These can occur due to the disease process or may be iatrogenic. Some of the important articular emergencies are septic arthritis, acute polyarthritis and atlanto-axial dislocation. Classical polyarteritis nodosa may present with massive gastro-intestinal bleeding, intestinal perforation or acute pancreatitis. Adult respiratory distress syndrome, bilateral pneumonitis and diffuse alveolar haemorrhage due to systemic lupus erythematosus or systemic necrotising vasculitis and ventilatory failure due to polymyositis are some of the respiratory emergencies. Scleroderma is well known to cause renal crisis which can be fatal if not diagnosed and managed promptly. Microscopic polyangiitis and Wegener's granulomatosis may cause rapidly progressive renal failure. Cerebrovascular accident, cortical vein thrombosis, seizures and acute psychosis are important neurological complications of rheumatic disease. Cardiac emergencies include tamponade, acute myocarditis and acute myocardial infarction. Vision can be threatened in Behcet's disease, temporal arteritis and seronegative spondylarthritis. Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome is a devastating emergency. The management of above emergencies includes critical care, immunosuppression when indicated and withdrawal of the offending drug. Anticoagulants have to be used in the management of antiphospholipid syndrome. A good understanding of these conditions is of paramount importance for proper management.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The antiphospholipid syndrome.

The antiphospholipid syndrome encompasses a wide spectrum of presentations cutting across all subspecialties of medicine. It is characterized by recurrent thrombotic events involving both the arterial and venous systems. Large arteries and veins as well as the microcirculation are involved. Recurrent strokes, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, gangrene of the digits, etc. cause much morbidity and mortality in affected patients. It is recognized as an important cause of recurrent pregnancy loss. The risk in pregnancy extends to a propensity towards pre-eclampsia, abruptio placentae and intrauterine growth retardation. It often manifests as asymptomatic thrombocytopenia and sometimes as a life-threatening form called catastrophic anti-phospholipid syndrome. The management of thrombotic events rests on high grade anticoagulation (INR 3-4) as lower values of INR than this often fail to prevent recurrence. Aspirin is generally added in case of arterial thrombosis. A combination of heparin and aspirin at least in the first trimester and sometimes throughout pregnancy is used to prevent foetal loss.

Abortion, Habitual↗