PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Rahul Mitra

Publications and source records attributed to Rahul Mitra.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Molecular screening for breast cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment planning: combining biomarkers from DNA, RNA, and protein.

The completion of the human genome project, along with the ancillary technologies derived from this effort, provides the ability to comprehensively analyze patient tumors as well as the individual patient's own genetic make-up at the DNA, RNA, and protein level. As a result, novel molecular screening techniques have the potential to push the boundaries of detection to even smaller tumors and also to allow accurate risk assessment, cancer prevention, and treatment planning in individual women. This review focuses on advances over the past 2 years in the use of molecular signatures and circulating tumor cells for early breast cancer detection and for prediction of response to therapy.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2006

Human-blind probes and primers for dengue virus identification.

Reliable detection and identification of pathogens in complex biological samples, in the presence of contaminating DNA from a variety of sources, is an important and challenging diagnostic problem for the development of field tests. The problem is compounded by the difficulty of finding a single, unique genomic sequence that is present simultaneously in all genomes of a species of closely related pathogens and absent in the genomes of the host or the organisms that contribute to the sample background. Here we describe 'host-blind probe design'- a novel strategy of designing probes based on highly frequent genomic signatures found in the pathogen genomes of interest but absent from the host genome. Upon hybridization, an array of such informative probes will produce a unique pattern that is a genetic fingerprint for each pathogen strain. This multiprobe approach was applied to 83 dengue virus genome sequences, available in public databases, to design and perform in silico microarray experiments. The resulting patterns allow one to unequivocally distinguish the four major serotypes, and within each serotype to identify the most similar strain among those that have been completely sequenced. In an environment where dengue is indigenous, this would allow investigators to determine if a particular isolate belongs to an ongoing outbreak or is a previously circulating version. Using our probe set, the probability that misdiagnosis at the serotype level would occur is approximately 1 : 10(150).

DNA Primers↗
PubMed2005

Application of protein lysate microarrays to molecular marker verification and quantification.

This study presents the development and application of protein lysate microarray (LMA) technology for verification of presence and quantification of human tissue samples for protein biomarkers. Sub-picogram range sensitivity has been achieved on LMA using a non-enzymatic protein detection methodology. Results from a set of quality control experiments are presented and demonstrate the high sensitivity and reproducibility of the LMA methodology. The optimized LMA methodology has been applied for verification of the presence and quantification of disease markers for atherosclerosis. LMA were used to measure lipoprotein [a] and apolipoprotein B100 in 52 carotid endarterectomy samples. The data generated by LMA were validated by ELISA using the same protein lysates. The correlations of protein amounts estimated by LMA and ELISA were highly significant, with r2 > or = 0.98 (p < or = 0.001) for lipoprotein [a] and with r2 > or = 0.94 (p < or = 0.001) for apolipoprotein B100. This is the first report to compare data generated using proteins microarrays with ELISA, a standard technology for the verification of the presence of protein biomarkers. The sensitivity, reproducibility, and high-throughput quality of LMA technology make it a potentially powerful technology for profiling disease specific protein markers in clinical samples.

Journal Article↗