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Biomedical subjects

Raymond C Tervo

Publications and source records attributed to Raymond C Tervo.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Parental report of pain and associated limitations in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy.

OBJECTIVE: To document parental reports about pain in children with cerebral palsy (CP). DESIGN: A cross-sectional descriptive study. SETTING: Motion analysis laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-seven ambulatory children with CP (44 boys, 33 girls; age range, 3-17y) presenting as consecutive assessments. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Parents completed (1) a semistructured interview, (2) the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), (3) the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), (4) the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF), and (5) Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire. Two dichotomous PODCI pain and comfort questions were estimates of pain frequency and impact. RESULTS: Sixty-one percent reported "pain over the last week," and 33% reported "pain interfered with normal activities." Pain did not differ by topographic classification. Girls had more pain. "Pain that interfered with normal activities" was associated with limitations in activities of daily living and physical education. Social problems and attention problems on the CBCL and the initiate scale on the BRIEF were associated with pain that interfered with activity. CONCLUSIONS: Pain in children with CP is frequent and associated with behavioral and social consequences. Sex is a risk factor; girls experience more pain. Intervention strategies that successfully support transition into adulthood are needed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2006

Parent evaluation of spasticity treatment in cerebral palsy using botulinum toxin type A.

OBJECTIVE: To assess parent ratings of treatment acceptability associated with botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection for spasticity in children with cerebral palsy (CP). DESIGN: A single-point survey design across a sequentially recruited cohort, using a standardized evaluation measure. SETTING: Regional specialty health care center medical clinic and pain research program. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-nine parents of children with CP receiving BTX-A injection for spasticity. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The Treatment Evaluation Inventory. RESULTS: Overall, parent ratings of treatment acceptability ranged from moderate to high. There were no significant differences for caregiver ratings in relation to characteristics of the raters (age, sex, marital status) or of the children (age, sex, mental retardation, severity of disability) characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that on average, parents of children with CP consider BTX-A treatment for the management of spasticity to be an acceptable form of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Parent's reports predict their child's developmental problems.

To document parental reports about their child's delayed development, 180 consecutive parents/guardians of children, ages ranging from 16 to 70 months, were surveyed. Parents reported a mean of 8.28 (SD 4.55) problems. Symptoms most reported were not talking well (79.5%), poor speech (59.8%), immaturity (58.0%), understands poorly (55.4%), bowel/bladder problems (50.9%), seldom plays with others (47.3%), attention (46.4%), eating (43.8%), clumsy-gross motor (40.2%), and clumsy-fine motor (40.2%). There was an association between delayed development and symptoms about eating, bowel-bladder, clumsy fine-motor, not talking well, understands poorly, immature, and seldom plays with others (p<0.05). The presence of language symptoms increased the odds of delayed development by 2.25. Relevant symptoms differed by developmental domains and different groups of items predicted specific delays. Parent reports indicated quantifiable difficulties requiring detailed assessments.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Health professional student attitudes towards people with disability.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate health professional student attitudes toward people with disability. It was hypothesized that attitude and comfort would differ by discipline. Further, it was hypothesized that factors such as gender and background in disability would influence these attitudes and their ease in dealing with difficult encounters in rehabilitation. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey design. SETTING: University of South Dakota (USD) PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and thirty-eight students were surveyed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (a) Attitude Toward Disabled Persons (ATDP) scale; (b) Scale of Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons (SADP); (c) Rehabilitation Situations Inventory (RSI). RESULTS: There were differences among student groups on the attitude scales and factor scores. All students' attitudes were less positive than SADP norms and nursing students held the least positive opinions. There were no attitudinal differences by gender. Those with a background in disability held more positive attitudes. Years of experience and hours per week employed predicted comfort with challenging rehabilitation situations. Inconsiderate treatment by staff, inappropriate sexual overtures and aggressive behaviour by patients were stated to be most challenging. CONCLUSION: Health professional students hold less positive attitudes than SADP norms. Nursing undergraduate students were at greater risk of holding negative attitudes. Work experience was important for comfort with challenging rehabilitation situations. Specific educational experiences are needed to promote more positive attitudes.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Single-case experimental designs: applications in developmental-behavioral pediatrics.

This article discusses single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) and their relevance to developmental-behavioral pediatrics. Information concerning SCEDs have not been described in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, despite its relevance to the field. General issues related to the underlying logic and applications of SCEDs are reviewed with examples selected from the literature to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of different design strategies. It is suggested that SCEDs can be a useful alternative to traditional between-group designs for clinical and evaluation research because the unit of the analysis is the individual; therefore the feedback to clinicians and families is direct about the effectiveness of a behavioral intervention or medication for that individual. In the field of developmental-behavioral pediatrics, SCEDs can be especially useful in the management of vague symptoms or poorly defined diseases to improve the confidence in a treatment decision for an individual patient. This report is intended to facilitate the understanding and use of single-case methodology so that clinicians are aware that flexible, true experiential designs exist to fill the gap in knowledge and also "do the best for my patient."

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed2002

Correlation between physical functioning and gait measures in children with cerebral palsy.

The primary aim of this investigation was to assess the correlation between the POSNA Musculoskeletal Functional Health Questionnaire (POSNA) and gait analysis in children with cerebral palsy (CP). POSNA and computerized gait analysis were used to evaluate individuals with CP. Correlations were investigated between POSNA scales, gait parameters, and the Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ) in 63 children (31 males, 32 females; mean age 9.17 years [SD 3.06], age range 3.75 to 16.44 years) with spastic CP. Twelve participants had hemiplegia, 29 diplegia, 12 quadriplegia, and 10 triplegia. The result of backwards stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the Log normalcy index (NI) was a significant predictor of the POSNA Global Function and Comfort scale. Energy expenditure (EE) did not add significantly to the prediction. The POSNA scales differentiated between the different topographical types of CP. The POSNA scale is a valid and useful clinical measure. Used in conjunction with the NI, EE, and FAQ, the POSNA scale provides a more complete appraisal of change in functioning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Children with ADHD and motor dysfunction compared with children with ADHD only.

The purpose of this study was to identify group differences in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and motor dysfunction (ADHD-MD) and ADHD only, and to evaluate the medication responsiveness of ADHD-MD. Sixty-three children (49 males and 14 females; mean age 9 years 10 months, SD 2 years 10 months) underwent a triple blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluating two dose levels of methylphenidate (0.3 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED], twice daily) and placebo. Forty-nine trials were completed. Nineteen were children with ADHD-MD, 44 had ADHD only. Behavior and functioning were assessed at home and at school. Treatment effects were assessed using the Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire for Parents and Teachers. Children with ADHD-MD were more likely to have severe ADHD-combined type and other neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. Both groups of children had a linear dose response to medication (placebo, low, high) and there was no evidence of a group by dose interaction or an overall group effect at home or school. The lack of group effect suggests that these children responded to medication like the other subgroups.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed2002

Medical students' attitudes toward persons with disability: a comparative study.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate first-year medical students' attitudes toward persons with disability and to examine whether gender and a background in disability determine attitudes toward persons with disability. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey. SETTING: University settings in the United States and Canada. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety first-year medical students (US, n=46; Canada, n=44) were surveyed. INTERVENTION: Medical students given 3 surveys. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Attitude Toward Disabled Persons (ATDP) Scale, Scale of Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons (SADP), and Rehabilitation Situations Inventory (RSI). RESULTS: There were no differences between the medical student groups from the United States and Canada. Compared with norms, medical students overall have more positive attitudes on the ATDP. Their attitudes were less positive on the SADP and on its optimism-human rights subscale. On the RSI, they were less comfortable with sexual situations and depression. Male medical students held poorer attitudes as scored than female medical students. Those with a background in disability were more comfortable dealing with challenging rehabilitation situations. Comfort with challenging rehabilitation situations showed significant differences across levels of experience but not gender. The more positive medical students' attitudes are toward persons with disability, the more likely they are to be comfortable with challenging rehabilitation situations. CONCLUSION: First-year medical students from the United States and Canada held similar attitudes and had less positive attitudes than SADP norms. Gender and background in disability influenced attitudes. Male medical students were more likely to hold negative attitudes. Specific educational experiences need to promote more positive attitudes.

Adult↗