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Biomedical subjects

Renata Jankowska

Publications and source records attributed to Renata Jankowska.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Fucosylation of serum glycoproteins in lung cancer patients.

Increased expression of sialyl Lewis X or A antigens on metastatic cancer cells leads to their selectin-mediated extravasation. Profound fucosylation of the serum microenvironment may be a factor that interrupts adhesion and influences the formation of metastases. In this study we quantitatively analyzed fucosylation of serum glycoproteins in small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Fucosylation of four chosen glycoprotein bands was measured as the reactivity with Aleuria aurantia lectin on nitrocellulose blots, preceded by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Relative fucosylation and fucosylation coefficients were calculated by densitometric analysis. Fucosylated oligosaccharides were observed in higher amounts in cancer sera when compared to sera from healthy individuals in all bands analyzed. Glycoproteins of a molecular mass of 29 kDa appear to carry more fucose residues than the 42-kDa band, comprising alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein and haptoglobin. Glycans of the 26-kDa band were fucosylated to a higher extent in non-small-cell vs. small-cell lung cancer. The results suggest that the extent of fucosylation could be a useful marker for estimation of the glycosylation status of serum proteins in cancer patients. Cluster analysis leads to the preliminary suggestion that the fucosylation status could serve as a predictive factor for patient survival.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2004

Skin reactivity to histamine and expression of histamine receptors mRNA in lymphocytes of healthy subjects and non-small-cell lung cancer patients before and after surgery.

Histamine modulates an immunological response through stimulation of appropriate receptor--H1R proinflammatory or H2R suppressive. The participation of histamine in regulation of an immunological response in the course of neoplastic disease is determined by the expression of particular receptor. The aim of our work was the investigation of the expression of mRNA of two types of histamine receptors in peripheral blood lymphocytes and the evaluation of skin-prick test with histamine in lung cancer patients before and after surgery. The investigation was performed on 15 patients qualified to surgery before and 7-10 days after treatment and on 12 healthy subjects. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers labeled with fluorescent dyes was performed. Intensity of fluorescence was expressed as relative fluorescence units (RFU). The data were analysed using ABI Prism 310 GeneScan collection software Version 3.1. Skin-prick test with histamine was evaluated after 10 min by measuring the diameter of the weal. The expression of H1R and H2R mRNA in healthy subjects was not significantly different in contrast to the lung cancer patients in which a significant prevalence of H2R mRNA expression was observed before surgery and only slightly decreased after (P < 0.001). Skin-prick test--negative in one patient before surgery, after treatment was positive in all patients and the diameter of histamine weal was significantly increased (P < 0.001). One may assume that the prevalence of the expression of H2R mRNA in patients reflects the status of immunosuppression caused by cancer. Since histamine exerts its suppressive activity trough H2R it seems reasonably to include the antagonists of this receptor to the cancer therapy which may restore a relative balance between accessibility of both types of histamine receptors.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Comparative evaluation of two health-related quality of life questionnaires in patients with sleep apnea].

Symptoms and complications of the obstructive sleep apnea (SAS) lead to a significant impairment of the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the affected individuals. Most HRQOL questionnaires have been published in English. Formal process of evaluation has to precede the introduction of a new language version of a HRQOL questionnaire. We conducted a comparative evaluation of the Polish versions of two HRQOL questionnaires: The Calgary Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Questionnaire (SAQLI) and The Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ). We examined the reliability, validity, stability and responsiveness of both questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha coefficient amounted to 0.94 for both questionnaires, which confirmed their reliability. Scores of both questionnaires highly correlated with measures of daily sleepiness, general health and SF-36 questionnaire scores. Both SAQLI and FOSQ gave stable results, but SAQLI was found to be more sensitive than FOSQ. The Polish version of FOSQ was proved to be a useful tool in cross-sectional assessment of HRQOL in patients with SAS. Stability and responsiveness of the Polish version of SAQLI and normal distribution of its scores make this questionnaire a preferable instrument in repeated assessments of HRQOL in the same group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea].

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is a condition affecting up to 5% of the population, in which episodes of upper airway obstruction lead to temporary cessation of airflow, disturbed sleep architecture and daily somnolence. The health consequences of OSA also include psychological and cognitive deficits, an increased risk of systemic and pulmonary hypertension, coronary disease, bradyarrhythmias and motor vehicle accidents. Symptoms and complications of OSA lead to a significant decrease of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of affected patients. We review the current literature on HRQOL effects of OSA and its treatment. There is good evidence of beneficial effect of the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on the quality of life of patients with OSA. Improvements in HRQOL are most appreciable in patients with moderate to severe OSA, although they also seem to be present in selected patients with mild OSA. The effects of dental devices and surgical procedures on HRQOL of patients with OSA have not been studied in randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Health-related quality of life has become one of the major outcome measures in patients with sleep apnea. Assessment of HRQOL has become a crucial part of any clinical study involving patients with OSA.

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure↗
PubMed2004

[Alveolar proteinosis after professional exposure to cotton and linen dust, successfully treated with whole lung lavage--a case report].

Alveolar proteinosis can be primary or secondary. The secondary alveolar proteinosis was observed in infections, in malignancies and after exposition to various dusts. We present a 55 year old woman with severe pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, who was exposed to cotton and linen dust in work for 20 years. The main features were slowly increasing dyspnoea and cough. Chest X-ray revealed diffuse bilateral acinar infiltrates. We observed decreased diffusing capacity, and severe hypoxaemia. The diagnosis was confirmed by transbronchial lung biopsy. Histopathology examination revealed characteristic alveolar filling by PAS-positive material. The patient underwent the whole lung lavage (WLL) with very good therapeutic effect. WLL was performed under general anaesthesia with a double-lumen endotracheal tube. We used 20 L 0.9% saline to lavage one lung. Clinical and functional improvement has persisted for over 1 year.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed2004

[Treatment of nicotine dependence based on bupropion SR and educational support--one year observation and analysis of the reasons of relapses].

Tobacco dependence is a chronic, relapsing disease causing an enormous burden of deaths. The aim of the study was a one year evaluation of the efficacy of bupropion SR supported by an educational program in the treatment of nicotine dependence and analysis of the reasons of relapses. 54 smokers were enrolled. The 12-month continuous abstinence rate was 28.3%. The most common cause of relapses in the treatment period was craving for cigarettes, in the post-treatment period stress.

Bupropion↗
PubMed2003

[Phagocytosis and chemiluminescence of neutrophils in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

The study included 22 patients (15 males and 7 females) with tuberculosis (infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis), aged from 14 to 70 years. Taking into account clinical status and inflammatory state indices (ESR, leucocytosis, neutrophil count) the following groups were identified: group I--all patients with tuberculosis (n = 22), with subgroup 1--patients with tuberculosis in serious condition (n = 13), subgroup 2--patients with tuberculosis in moderately serious condition (n = 9). The control group (group II) consisted of 16 healthy volunteers aged from 22 to 52 years (12 women and 4 men). In all patients the following parameters were measured: chemiluminescence (CLmax and CLarea) and phagocytosis of neutrophils (total phagocytic capacity (TPC), phagocytic index (PI), percent of phagocyting neutrophils %phag.), ESR, leukocyte count, neutrophil differential count in blood smear. No difference in CL was shown between patients with tuberculosis and healthy people. Significantly higher TPC values were observed in patients with tuberculosis (group I, subgroups 1 and 2) than in the control group. TPC was highest in subgroup 1. PI was slightly higher in patients with tuberculosis than in the control group. On the contrary, decreased %phag was observed in group I (both subgroups). ESR, total leukocyte count and differential neutrophil count were statistically significantly higher in group I than in group II. In patients from group I, together with a slight increase of CLmax, an elevation of TPC was observed. This dependence was not observed between CLarea and TPC. There was no dependence between CLmax and PI. Together with ESR increase, an increase of phagocytic properties of neutrophils was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid neopterin levels in patients with bronchial asthma].

Neopterin is an activation marker of macrophages. These cells become activated in bronchial asthma. The aim of the study was to measure serum and BALF neopterin levels in patients with bronchial asthma. The study included 15 patients with moderate, stable bronchial asthma. Serum neopterin levels were normal, while those in BALF were increased. The results of the study seem to indicate that in patients with moderate stable bronchial asthma alveolar macrophages are activated, as shown by increased levels of neopterin in BALF.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Elastase and alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor complex in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid in patients with bronchial asthma and sarcoidosis].

Forty-three patients were enrolled into this study, twenty-eight with sarcoidosis in various radiological stages (I, II, III) and activity of disease (active or non-active) and fifteen with bronchial asthma. Elastase and alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex (E-alpha 1IP) concentrations and percentage of neutrophils in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured in all groups of patients. There were no significant differences in E-alpha 1IP levels in patients with various activity of sarcoidosis. We noticed significant differences between radiological stages of sarcoidosis. E-alpha 1IP concentration in the pulmonary stage was significantly higher than in stage I hilar adenopathy and stage II hilar adenopathy plus pulmonary opacities. E-alpha 1IP concentrations in BALF were significantly higher in patients with bronchial asthma in comparison to patients with sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Cathepsin B activity and concentration of elastase and alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor complex in non-small-cell lung cancer: 2 year follow-up study].

In 21 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer subjected to radical surgery followed by 3 cycles of chemotherapy, serum cathepsin B activity and plasma E-alpha 1IP concentration in peripheral blood and tumour arterial and venous blood were studied. Cathepsin B activity was determined by a fluorometric assay. E-alpha 1IP concentration was measured with an ELISA kit. The measurements were performed before surgery, before each chemotherapy cycle and every 60 days after chemotherapy completion, for 2 years. All the patients (n = 21) were divided into 2 subgroups: without metastases n = 16 and with metastases n = 5. There was no significant difference between preoperative serum cathepsin B activity and E-alpha 1IP plasma values in peripheral blood and blood coming from tumour artery and vein. The surgery and chemotherapy caused a statistically significant decrease of serum cathepsin B activity and plasma E-alpha 1IP concentration both in the whole group and in the subgroup without metastases. A significant increase of cathepsin B activity in comparison to initial values was observed 2,5-4 months before cerebral metastasis appeared in the subgroup with metastases. The elevation of E-alpha 1IP concentration preceded the increase of cathepsin B activity in this subgroup. It was not statistically significant. A decrease of cathepsin B and E-alpha 1IP values was observed after cerebral metastasis excision.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Smoking cessation program based on pharmacological support (bupropion SR). Our own experience].

Smoking constitutes the gravest, yet avoidable, deadly threat to health in Poland. Near the end of the 90-ies it was discovered that the antidepressant -bupropion- has positive effects in the treatment of addiction to nicotine. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the efficacy of ambulatory, intensive smoking cessation program based on bupropion SR with educational support. 54 smokers (18 men and 36 women) were enrolled, age 22-59 yr. (mean 45.5 +/- 8.7), smoking 10-50 cigarettes daily. Early abstinence rate (7 weeks after quitting) was 61.1%, after 6 months 45.2% of the participants were still non-smokers. The most common adverse effects of bupropion SR therapy were mouth dryness and sleep disturbances, 13% of patients had to stop using bupropion because of side effects. High percentage of abstinence indicates that intensive smoking cessation programs should be used as a part of antinicotine strategy. The pharmacological support in the nicotine dependence treatment should be performed under careful physician supervision.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Cancer cachexia syndrome in patients with lung cancer].

UNLABELLED: Cancer cachexia syndrome is a common and important complication of cancer. It occurs in 30% to 80% cancer patients. It includes anorexia, loss weight, weakness and impaired immune function. The cause of the syndrome stays still unclear. Many endocrinological and metabolic abnormalities are observed, like hypermetabolism, glucose intolerance, increased proteolysis and lipolysis. Main role in the development of cancer cachexia is played by cytokines: TNF, interleukin 1 and 6, interferon alfa and gamma. The aim of the study was to collect information about cachexia in lung cancer patients, treated in Department of Pulmonology, Wrocław Medical University. We observed 76 patients with recent diagnosis of lung cancer (43 male, 33 female), 50 patients with non-small lung cancer and 26 with small lung cancer. Average age 61 +/- 9.76. We divided all patients in four groups, depending on percent of weight loss and compared these groups. We estimated extent of disease, anthropological and biochemical parameters. Among all patients we found cachexia in 23 (32%). There were only some differences between patients with and without cachexia. Bigger loss weight was observed in older men. CONCLUSIONS: Cachexia syndrome is not an important problem in lung cancer patients at the time of diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[The effect of inhaled low molecular weight heparin on cell composition in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum levels of soluble receptor IL-2 in bronchial asthma patients].

The 17 asthmatics were studied. The patients were administered LMWH inhalations during two weeks in a day dose 5000 IU anti-Xa. The cell composition in BALF and serum levels of sIL-2R were estimated before and two weeks after treatment. We found that LMWH changed significantly cell BALF profile, decreased the number of inflammatory cells (p < 0.005) but did not change serum sIL-2R concentrations (p < 0.13). Baseline serum levels of sIL-2R were normal (73.9 +/- 26.6 U/ml) according to producer's norm.

Administration, Inhalation↗