Biomedical subjects

Renee Goodwin

Publications and source records attributed to Renee Goodwin.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Posttraumatic stress disorder and treatment seeking in a national screening sample.

The behavioral model of service use was employed to identify predictors of mental health treatment seeking and treatment readiness among individual with PTSD (N = 2,713) in data from the 1996 National Anxiety Disorders Screening Day (NADSD). This model examines the contribution of predisposing (age, sex, marital status, race/ethnicity, education), enabling (employment, geographic location), perceived need (interference of symptoms with daily life), and evaluated need (other diagnoses) factors to treatment seeking and treatment readiness for individuals with PTSD. Results indicate that although need factors (interference by anxiety symptoms with daily life, diagnosis of panic disorder) are related to both receiving and readiness for treatment, predisposing (age, marital status, minority race) factors influence which individuals receive treatment for PTSD.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Panic attacks in schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between panic attacks and comorbid mental disorders, psychiatric symptomotology, service utilization, and suicidality among individuals with schizophrenia in the community. METHOD: Data were drawn from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study (n=20, 291). Differences in comorbid mental disorders, symptomotology, service use, and suicidality were determined between individuals with schizophrenia, with and without panic attacks. RESULTS: Panic attacks (lifetime) were common among almost half (45%) of those with schizophrenia. Individuals with schizophrenia and panic attacks had significantly elevated rates of co-occurring mental disorders, psychotic symptoms, suicidality, and mental health service utilization compared with individuals with schizophrenia who did not suffer from panic attacks. CONCLUSIONS: Panic attacks are common among individuals with schizophrenia in the community and are associated with higher rates of other co-occurring mental disorders, service utilization and suicidality. These results suggest that concurrent treatment for both panic and schizophrenia may be indicated for optimal outcomes. Future research is needed to determine the direct and indirect cost benefit in providing mental health treatment for panic among individuals with schizophrenia in the community.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Use of the Behavioral Model of Health Care Use to identify correlates of use of treatment for panic attacks in the community.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify predisposing, enabling, and need factors associated with health service use for panic attacks among adults in the United States using the Behavioral Model of Health Care Use. METHOD: Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey (n = 8098), a community-based household sample representative of the United States adult (age 15-54) population. Stepwise logistic regression models were used to compute odds ratios (with 95 % confidence intervals) measuring the association between predisposing, enabling, and need factors and the self-reported health service use for treatment of panic attacks. RESULT: In addition to perceived (perception of poor mental health) and evaluated need (severity of panic attacks, psychiatric morbidity), predisposing (being older, married, more educated, white) factors were independently associated with use of treatment for panic attacks. Distinct correlates for use of primary care, specialized mental health treatment, and use of psychotropic medication were found. In addition to need factors, predisposing factors are independently associated with the use of services for panic attacks in the community. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that factors other than severity of panic and degree of psychiatric morbidity may influence use of services for panic. Future studies that examine whether these factors reflect barriers to care for those in need of mental health treatment may help to inform programs aimed at targeting those with unmet need in the community.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Personality and the perception of health in the general population.

BACKGROUND: Several population-based studies have shown that self-perceived health is a powerful predictor of health outcomes. The extent to which self-perceived health is associated with personality characteristics is, however, largely unknown. We aimed to study the relationship between self-perceived health and personality among adults in the community. METHOD: Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States Survey, a representative sample of adults age 25-74. MANOVA was used to determine the relationship between self-perception of health and personality using the five-factor model. RESULTS: Personality factors were significantly associated with perception of poor health. Among those without self-reported medical problems (N = 834), openness to experience, extraversion and conscientiousness were associated with perception of good health, while neuroticism was associated with the perception of poor health. In subjects with self-reported medical problems (N = 2772), high scores on agreeableness, openness to experience, extraversion and conscientiousness, and low neuroticism scores were associated with perception of good health. These associations remained significant after adjustments for age, gender, race, marital status and education. CONCLUSIONS: Self-perceived health is strongly associated with personality characteristics, both in subjects with and without self-reported medical problems. It is suggested that personality characteristics could contribute to the previously reported associations between self-perceived health and health outcomes.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Self-perception of poor health and suicidal ideation in medical patients.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between self-perceived health and suicidal ideation among patients in general internal medicine practice settings. METHOD: A representative sample of 4007 patients was assessed for current suicidal ideation, self-perception of health, current medical disorders and current mental disorders (major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic attacks and alcohol use disorder) with the PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire. RESULTS: Patients with self-perception of poor health, compared with those who reported more favourable health perception, were significantly more likely to report current suicidal ideation (35.2% v. 8.3%; chi2 = 97.4, df = 1, P < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the perception of poor health was associated with a significantly increased risk of suicidal ideation (OR = 3.1, CI 1.9, 5.0), even after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, mental disorders and common physical illnesses. CONCLUSION: Self-perception of poor health is associated with a significantly increased risk of suicidal ideation among general medical patients, even in the absence of common mental and physical disorders. These findings add to a growing literature on the importance of self-perceived health in the treatment and outcomes of mental and physical well-being by documenting self-perceived poor health as a risk factor for suicidal ideation in medical patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Helpseeking and access to mental health treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of helpseeking and use of mental health treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using the behavioral model of health service use. METHOD: Data were drawn from the 1996 National Anxiety Disorders Screening Day. Participants (n=14 860) completed screening measures providing information about demographics, mental disorders, helpseeking, and treatment experiences for OCD. RESULTS: Previous use of mental health treatment was associated with comorbid panic disorder [odds ratio (OR)=1.6 (1.3-1.98)], while minority racial status [OR=0.7 (0.5-0.9)] emerged as a barrier to receiving care among individuals with OCD. Among those who had never received mental health care, comorbid panic disorder [OR=2.0 (1.5-2.8)], post-traumatic stress disorder [OR=1.7 (1.3-2.4)], and suicidal ideation [OR=1.7 (1.2-2.3)] increased readiness to seek treatment while being employed [OR=0.7 (0.5-0.9)], and feeling one could handle the problem on his/her own [OR=0.5 (0.3-0.7)] decreased readiness to seek help for the first time. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that access to treatment for OCD may not be equally accessible to all in need by revealing non-disease related factors (e.g. race, health beliefs) that have a significant impact on decisions to seek and use mental health treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Panic attacks in psychosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, psychiatric comorbidity and suicidal ideation associated with co-occurring non-affective psychosis and panic attacks, compared with non-affective psychosis without panic attacks, in the general population. METHOD: Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey (n = 8098). Statistical analyses were used to identify differences in sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric comorbidity, suicidal ideation, and familial psychopathology between those with non-affective psychoses with and without panic, as well as to identify correlates of non-affective psychosis and panic. RESULTS: Co-occurring panic attacks and non-affective psychosis, compared with non-affective psychosis without panic, was associated with elevated psychiatric comorbidity and increased odds of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION: Consistent with clinical findings, these data suggest that panic attacks commonly co-occur with psychosis in the community. Results indicate that the co-occurrence of panic and psychosis is associated with increased likelihood of psychiatric comorbidity and suicidality. These findings need replication.

Adolescent↗