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Rui Xu

Publications and source records attributed to Rui Xu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Correlative study of nuclear factor-kappa B activity and cytokine expression in chronic sinusitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activity and cytokine expression in nasal mucosa of chronic sinusitis. METHODS: IL-5, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in nasal mucosa were assayed by the method of ELISA in 52 cases of chronic sinusitis [concomitant with allergic rhinitis (AR group), without allergic rhinitis (NAR group)] and 12 normal subjects. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining were used to examine P50 and P65 subunits of NF-KB expressions and activation in nasal mucosa. The correlation between activities of NF-KB P50 and P65 subunits and cytokine expression was evaluated. RESULTS: IL-5, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in both AR and NAR groups were significantly increased (all P < 0.01 for AR group; P < 0.05, 0.05, 0.01, respectively, for NAR group, as compared with normal group), and the levels were much higher in AR group than that in NAR group (P < 0.01, 0.05, 0.01, respectively). The levels of P50 and P65 mRNA in both AR and NAR groups were enhanced (all P < 0.01 for AR group; all P < 0.01 for NAR group, as compared with normal group), and AR group had markedly greater P50 and P65 mRNA levels in comparison with NAR group (both P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical study revealed that nucleus-present rates of P50 and P65 in both AR and NAR groups were significantly higher than those of control group (all P < 0.01), and they were much greater in AR group as compared with NAR group (all P < 0.01). Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that P50 and P65 nucleus-present rates were closely correlated with IL-6 and IL-8 levels, but not IL-5. The correlation coefficient was 0. 49 for P50 and IL-6, 0. 54 for P50 and IL-8, 0. 61 for P65 and IL-6, and 0.66 for P65 and IL-8 (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Activation of P50 and P65 subunits of NF-kappaB might be one of the mechanisms for induction of IL-6 and IL-8 expression in chronic sinusitis. Concomitance of allergic rhinitis with chronic sinusitis further increased activities of NF-kappaB subunits, and further elevated IL-6 and IL-8 expression. IL-5 expression was independent of NF-kappaB pathway in chronic sinusitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Development of subtype-selective ligands as antagonists at nicotinic receptors mediating nicotine-evoked dopamine release.

N-n-Alkylation of nicotine converts it from an agonist into an antagonist at neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes mediating nicotine-evoked dopamine release. Conformationally restricted analogues exhibit both high affinity and selectivity at this site, and are able to access the brain due to their ability to act as substrates for the blood-brain barrier choline transporter.

Aconitine↗
PubMed2004

Construction of a non-redundant human SH2 domain database.

Domain database is essential for domain property research. Eliminating redundant information in database query is very important for database quality. Here we report the manual construction of a non-redundant human SH2 domain database. There are 119 human SH2 domains in 110 SH2-containing proteins. Human SH2s were aligned with ClustalX, and a homologous tree was generated. In this tree, proteins with similar known function were classified into the same group. Some proteins in the same group have been reported to have similar binding motifs experimentally. The tree might provide clues about possible functions of hypothetical proteins for further experimental verification.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Effects of lidocaine on cerebral oxygen supply-consumption balance and hemodynamics during anesthesia induction in patients with supratentorial tumor.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of lidocaine on the balance between cerebral oxygen supply-consumption and on the hemodynamics during anesthesia induction in patients with supratentorial tumor. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with supratentorial tumor were randomly divided into lidocaine group (n=12) and control group (n=12). Blood gas analysis and determinations of plasma lactic acid and glucose in the radial artery and internal jugular venous bulb were performed. Oxygen extraction ratio (OER) and blood oxygen content in the artery and internal jugular venous bulb were calculated during anesthesia induction. RESULTS: OER and difference declined in plasma lactic acid level between the internal jugular venous bulb and the artery, and blood oxygen saturation as well as blood oxygen pressure in the internal jugular venous bulb and the artery increased along with blood oxygen content in the internal jugular venous bulb in both groups during anesthesia induction. Comparison between the groups showed that only the changes in blood oxygen pressure in the internal jugular venous bulb were statistically significant. Changes in the hemodynamics in lidocaine group were less obvious than those in the control group during anesthesia induction. CONCLUSION: Lidocaine does not significantly influence cerebral oxygen balance and may effectively inhibit hemodynamic response during anesthesia induction in patients with supratentorial tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Therapeutic effects of systemic chemotherapy on advanced pancreatic cancer patients].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Advanced,unresectable pancreatic cancer is an extremely aggressive disease. Systemic chemotherapy is the most frequently administered treatment for the patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. This clinical trial was designed to compare the efficacy, clinical benefit response (CBR), and toxicity profile of three regimens in treating advanced pancreatic cancer (APC). METHODS: From February 2000 to April 2001,74 patients of pathologically advanced pancreatic cancer were analyzed retrospectively. Of 74 APC patients, 26 received 5-fluorouracil+leucovorin+cisplatin (Arm A), 23 received gemcitabine (Arm B) and 25 treated with gemcitabine+5-fluorouracil+leucovorin (Arm C). Kaplan-Meier method was used for analysis of survival rate and Cox regression model was used for analysis of prognostic factors. RESULTS: The overall response rates and CBRs were 7.69% and 19.23% in Arm A, 17.39% and 47.83% in Arm B, 24.0% and 60.0% in Arm C. There was no significant difference in the overall response rate(P=0.261,Chi-square test) and a significant difference in CBR among three groups(P< 0.05, Chi-square test). The median survival time were 6.5 months for Arm A(95%CI 5.00,7.99 months),8.03 months for Arm B(95%CI 6.72,9.35 months) and 8.79 months for Arm C (95%CI 7.31,10.26 months). There were significant differences among three groups in the median survival time(Breslow=8.85,P=0.0119). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hematological and nonhematological toxicity among three groups. CONCLUSION: The combination of gemcitabine,5-fluorouracil and leucovorin is a moderatedly active treatment with tolerable side effects. It has definite response rate and also significantly improve the quality of life in patients. Its treatment value is worth further studying.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Relationship between regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy and improvement of coronary flow reserve].

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the relationship between regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and changes of coronary flow reserve (CFR). METHODS: Ninety-six essential hypertensive patients with LVH were randomly divided into 3 groups: ramipril group, losartan group, and combination group. Before the treatment and 6 months after the treatment, left ventricular mass (LVM) was calculated by three-dimensional echocardiography and CFR was evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography with left anterior descending artery. CFR was calculated as the ratio of coronary flow velocity, after intravenous injection of dipyridamole (D), to rest peak velocity (R). All the indexes of the CFR were corrected by LVM. RESULTS: (1) The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and LVM were significantly decreased in ramipril group, losartan group and combination group after 6 months treatment (all P < 0.01). Diastolic flow velocity integral was used as one representative index of CFR. Compared with baseline values, the diastolic flow velocity intergral corrected by LVM (D/R DVi(C)) was significantly increased in ramipril group, losartan group and combination group (1.83 +/- 0.61 vs 1.57 +/- 0.58, P < 0.05; 1.94 +/- 0.45 vs 1.53 +/- 0.64, P < 0.01; 2.03 +/- 0.38 vs 1.49 +/- 0.34, P < 0.01). (3) The changes of D/R DVi(C) showed a positive correlation with the changes of LVM (r = 0.579, P < 0.05) and no significant correlation with the decrease of blood pressure (r = 0.288 and 0.295,both P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ramipril, losartan and combination of these two drugs all reduce blood pressure and LVH, and increases CFR. CFR corrected by LVM may help assess drug's effect on CFR. Improvement of CFR is associated with the regression of hypertensive LVH.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Human SM22 alpha BAC encompasses regulatory sequences for expression in vascular and visceral smooth muscles at fetal and adult stages.

The SM22 alpha gene has widely been used to study the regulatory mechanisms of smooth muscle cell (SMC) gene expression during cardiovascular development. To determine the regulatory mechanisms for the evolutionarily conserved human SM22 alpha (hSM22 alpha) gene, we demonstrated that 445 bp upstream DNA sequences of hSM22 alpha gene exhibited a high transcriptional activity in arterial SMC, not in venous nor in visceral SMCs during embryogensis. However, this promoter was gradually turned off in adulthood. Inclusion of the first intron in this promoter suppressed the promoter activity in pulmonary trunk arterial SMCs, whereas the expression in other systemic vasculature remained similar to that of the hSM22-445 promoter during the fetal and adult stages. To determine whether additional sequences are required for SM22 alpha expression in all subtypes of SMCs, we examined the expression of a bacterial artificial chromosome containing the hSM22 alpha locus in transgenic mice. The hSM22 alpha transgene showed similar developmental expression patterns as the endogenous mouse SM22 alpha gene, suggesting that this bacterial artificial chromosome contains essential regulatory sequences for its expression in arterial, venous, and visceral tissues during development.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[MRI diagnosis of vertebral metastasis].

OBJECTIVE: To study MRI changes of vertebral metastasis and their value in differential diagnosis. METHODS: MR films of 103 patients with vertebral metastasis confirmed clinically or pathologically were reviewed with all features recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: 338 vertebrae were involved in 103 patients, including 82 in vertebral body only, 3 in appendix only and 253 in both. According to the shape of vertebral body and the characteristic abnormality, 335 vertebrae with body involved were divided into 4 types: Type I (97) with one single focus in the vertebral body, type II (102) with multiple foci with clear margin in the vertebral body, type III (16) with abnormal signal in the whole vertebral body and type IV (120) with abnormal signal in the whole or most part of vertebral body complicated with compression fracture. Among all these lesions, 114 showed concave superior and/or inferior edges and 116 protruding posterior and/or anterior borders. In 256 vertebrae with abnormal appendix, 238 showed abnormal pedicle of vertebral arch involving neighbouring part of vertebral body and 235 showed enlarged pedicle and other parts of the appendix. Soft tissue mass was showed around 133 vertebrae, with the center at the involved vertebrae on sagittal image. 130 pieces of these masses extended cranio-caudally within or a little beyond the width of a vertebral body. CONCLUSION: Vertebral metastasis is characterized by involving multiple vertebrae. Its diagnosis and differential diagnosis can be made definite in most patients according to the lesions distribution, change in vertebral shape and the characteristics of the soft tissue mass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Beta2 adrenergic receptor activation. Modulation of the proline kink in transmembrane 6 by a rotamer toggle switch.

In many rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors, agonist binding to a cluster of aromatic residues in TM6 may promote receptor activation by altering the configuration of the TM6 Pro-kink and by the subsequent movement of the cytoplasmic end of TM6 away from TM3. We hypothesized that the highly conserved Cys(6.47), in the vicinity of the conserved Pro(6.50), modulates the configuration of the aromatic cluster and the TM6 Pro-kink through specific interactions in its different rotamer configurations. In the beta(2) adrenergic receptor, mutation of Cys(6.47) to Thr, which in an alpha-helix has a different rotamer distribution from Cys and Ser, produced a constitutively active receptor, whereas the Ser mutant was similar to wild-type receptor. Use of the biased Monte Carlo technique of Conformational Memories showed that the rotamer changes among Cys/Ser/Thr(6.47), Trp(6.48), and Phe(6.52) are highly correlated, representing a rotamer "toggle switch" that may modulate the TM6 Pro-kink. Differential modulation of the accessibility of Cys(6.47) and an engineered Cys(6.52) in wild type and a constitutively active background provides experimental support for the association of this rotamer switch with receptor activation.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2002

Aqueous oxygen hyperbaric reperfusion in a porcine model of myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that intracoronary aqueous oxygen (AO) hyperbaric reperfusion reduces myocardial injury after prolonged coronary occlusion. Background. Attenuation of ischemia/reperfusion injury by the use of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) administered during reperfusion has been demonstrated for a wide variety of tissues, including myocardium. We have recently developed a more practical, catheter-based, site-specific method for delivery of oxygen at hyperbaric levels with aqueous oxygen infusion. METHODS: Following a 60-minute balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery in swine, intracoronary AO hyperoxemic perfusion (50 mL blood/minute; 1.5 mL AO/minute; mean pO2 = 834 104 mmHg) was performed for 90 minutes after a 15-minute period of normoxemic autoreperfusion (physiologic reperfusion). Control groups consisted of autoreperfusion alone; active normoxemic perfusion (50 mL/minute) for 90 minutes; and hyperoxemic perfusion with a hollow fiber oxygenator (HFO) for 90 minutes. Results. A significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction was noted by ventriculography at 105 minutes of reperfusion (ANOVA, p < 0.05), compared to the 15-minute autoreperfusion period, only in the AO and HFO groups. Mean percent infarct size (area of necrosis)/(area at risk), quantitative post-mortem hemorrhage score, and myocardial myeloperoxidase levels at 3 hours of reperfusion were significantly less in the AO group (ANOVA, p < 0.05), but not in the HFO group, compared to normoxemic groups. Conclusions. The results demonstrate that intracoronary hyperbaric reperfusion with AO, but not with a membrane oxygenator, attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2002

Concentration, distribution and expression of interleukin-5 in human nasal polyp tissues.

OBJECTIVES: To study the concentration, distribution and expression of IL-5 in nasal polyp tissues and explore its significance in micro-environment differentiation of eosinophil accumulation. METHODS: The concentration and expression of IL-5 in nasal polyp tissues of 40 patients were determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry and inferior turbinate mucosa from patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers were used as control. RESULTS: IL-5 concentration in polyp tissues was significantly higher than that in turbinate mucosa (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the turbinate mucosae between patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). IL-5 concentrations in polyp tissues were markedly higher in patients with allergic rhinitis compared with those without (P < 0.05). IL-5 concentrations had no correlation with age and sex (P > 0.05). 80.1% of the eosinophils were positive for IL-5 and 90.9% of IL-5 positive cells were eosinophils. Only 3.7% of lymphocytes and neutrophils were positive for IL-5; IL-5 was not detectable in epithelial cells. IL-5 expression in eosinophils of polyp tissues was remarkably stronger than that of the turbinate mucosa (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the the turbinate mucosae between patients with nasal polyps and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). IL-5 expression of eosinophils in polyp tissue was significantly stronger in patients with allergic rhinitis compared with those without (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-5 expression in lymphocytes and neutrophils between polyp tissues and turbinate nasal mucosa (both P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: IL-5 is the key cytokine in eosinophilic pathologic mechanisms in nasal polyp tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Effect of erythromycin on apoptosis of eosinophils in nasal polyps in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of erythromycin on apoptosis of eosinophils in nasal polyps in vitro. METHODS: Fifteen nasal polyp biopsies were collected during nasal polypectomy. The specimens were cultured with erythromycin in RPMI1640, and cultured without erythromycin as control group. The explants in both groups were taken out at 1, 3, 5 day after culture. The apoptosis of cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick endlabeling(TUNEL), eosinophils were identified by morphology and serial sections stained with HE, then the apoptosis index (AI) of eosinophils was calculated. RESULTS: The AI of eosinophils in nasal polyps after cultured for 1,3,5 days with erythromycin were (31.77 +/- 9.52)%, (32.67 +/- 9.44)% and (50.34 +/- 8.78)% respectively. In control group, the AI of eosinophils were (29.18 +/- 7.31)%, (29.82 +/- 12.03)% and (42.25 +/- 8.08)% respectively. There were significant difference between two groups at 5 day after culture(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Erythromycin promoted apoptosis of eosinophils in nasal polyps in vitro.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Traumatic optic neuropathy: importance and result of surgical treatment].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the importance and result of surgical treatment in traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). METHODS: The results of optic canal and orbital apex decompression by the endonasal endoscopic approach were analyzed in 52 cases (53 eyes), follow up 6 months to 3 years. RESULTS: Twenty one eyes (39.6%) consisting of 14 eyes without effect by corticosteroids treatment(14/37, 37.8%) and 7 eyes with single surgery(7/16, 43.8%) showed improved vision after surgery. 18 eyes with no light perception (18/49, 36.7%) and 3 eyes with poor sight (3/4, 75.0%) had improved vision after surgery. CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment is important for elevating curative effect of TON.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Expression of P-selectin in nasal polyps and its mechanisms].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of P-selectin and its mechanism in nasal polyps. METHODS: The expression of P-selectin was detected with immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in nasal polyps from 24 patients and nasal epithelium from 9 normals. The production of P-selectin in supernatans of isolated cultured vascular endothelial cells induced by interleukin-5 (IL-5) was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The positive rate of P-selectin in nasal polyps was 79.1% (19/24) while it was 22.2%(2/9) in normals. The relative density ratio of P-selectin and beta-actin were 0.68 +/- 0.11 in nasal polyps and 0.29 +/- 0.08 in normals indicated by RT-PCR and agrose electrophoresis. The concentration of P-selectin was (53.4 +/- 2.9) ng/L and (21.3 +/- 3.5) ng/L in the two groups respectively. CONCLUSIONS: P-selectin upregulated in nasal polyps correlated with the infiltrated eosinophils and IL-5 could induce the expression of P-selectin protein in the isolated cultured endothelial cells. It suggested that upregulation of P-selectin may play a role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps and can be enhanced by cytokine IL-5.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Orbital surgery by transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of transnasal endoscopic surgery to treat some kinds of diseases within orbit by ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach, and put forward the basic principle of surgical management. METHODS: A total of 10 cases undergone the endoorbital operation by transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach, including foreign body 4 cases, sponge haemangioma 1 case, invaded and metastatic carcinoma 5 cases. RESULTS: Successful removing of foreign body from endoorbital for 3 cases, and 1 failure. One case of sponge haemangioma was removed completely. One case of metastatic tumour from nasopharyngeal carcinoma was resected, with no relapse and vision recovered to 0.6 during follow-up period of 4 years. Four cases of invaded carcinoma from ethmosphenoidal sinus were resected completely. Follow-up for 1-4 years showed no relapse. CONCLUSION: The endoorbital region inside the optic nerve can be controlled by transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach. The advanced radiotherapy provides favourable conditions for conservative surgery of endoorbital carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Exploration of transnasal endoscopic cranialbase approach].

OBJECTIVE: To study feasibility and indication of cranialbase surgery by transnasal endoscopic approach. METHODS: Nine cases treated by transnasal were analysed. Those cases included foreign body, olfactory neuroblastoma, meningoma and inverted papilloma in anterior cranial fossa, sinuses sphenoidalis macrosis cyst invading middle cranial fossa, primary cholesteatoma and space occupying lesion in middle cranial fossa. RESULT: The complications were not occurred in all cases. Follow-up survey 1-7 years, no-relapse was occurred. CONCLUSION: It is probability that surgery lesion be close skull base by transnasal endoscopic approach, but indication must be exactitude selected. The operator should be have firm anatomic, skilled operation and richness experience. The malignancy lesion should be compositive treatment after surgery.

Adolescent↗