Biomedical subjects

Ruy Garcia Marques

Publications and source records attributed to Ruy Garcia Marques.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Evaluation of radiological methods for detection of wood foreign body in animal model].

PURPOSE: To determine the usefulness of different radiological methods in the diagnoses of wooden foreign bodies (FB). METHODS: Eleven adult chickens were used. Each thigh received a puncture wound and in one of them a wooden splinter was introduced and left in place while in the contralateral it was introduced and removed (control group). After 7 days the animals where killed and the legs removed to be analyzed with conventional radiography (CR), ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance and computed tomography. The results were viewed by 2 independent senior radiologists. RESULTS: Sensitivity was: CR--13.6%; US--63.6%; MR--59.1%; and CT--72.7%, with specificity of 100%, 100%, 95.5%, and 95.5%, respectively. The positive predictive value for CR and US was 100%, 95% for CT 95% and 93.8% for MR. CT had a negative predictive value of 78.3%, while US, MR, and CR had 73.7%, 70.1%, and 53.7%, respectively. The accuracy for CT was 84.1%, followed by US--81.8%, RM--77.3%, and CR--56.8%. Inflammatory reaction was histologically demonstrated in all thighs containing FB. CONCLUSION: CR showed a poor performance to detect wooden FB in chickens, while US and CT seem to be the best option, followed by RM.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of oral supplement of l-glutamine in colonic wall of rats subjected to abdominal irradiation].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the structural alterations of the irradiated colonic wall in rats, verifying if L-glutamine supplementation is able to prevent them. METHODS: We used 30 male adult Wistar rats, divided into three groups: I--control, II--irradiated, and III-irradiated with L-glutamine supplementation during the 14 days of the study. Control group was maintained in laboratory standard conditions while groups II and three were submitted to abdominal radiation with an only dose of 1000 cGy in the 8th day of experimentation. All the animals were submitted to laparotomy in the 15th day for resection of the colonic segment for stereological analysis. RESULTS: Group II presented total volume of colonic wall significantly smaller than control group without altering the partial volumes of each layer. Compared to groups II and III, group II exhibited maintenance of total volume of colonic wall, nearing control group. Compared to control group, animals of group III exhibited maintenance of epithelial partial volume without altering significantly epithelial surface. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that L-glutamine supplementation can be of benefit in the irradiated colonic wall in rats.

Abdominal Wall↗

PubMed2003

[Overwhelming postsplenectomy infection].

BACKGROUND: Splenectomy performed at any age and for any reason increases the risk for death due to overwhelming infection. AIM: To evaluate definition, etiology, incidence, risk factors and prophylaxis of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection, as well as the methods related to splenic tissue preservation when total splenectomy is necessary. METHOD: Bibliographic review. RESULTS: The etiological agents more frequently found are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza and type B, and Neisseria meningitidis. Other bacteria like Escherichia coli, Streptococcus b-hemolytic, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp represent a significant risk as well. In addition, a great variety of agents including other enteric Gram-negative microorganisms and non-bacteria pathogens can also be sporadically identified. The prophylaxis is based on three main aspects: patient's education, immune prophylaxis and chemical prophylaxis. However these are not enough to prevent the higher risk of developing sepsis. When total splenectomy is unavoidable, heterotopic splenic autotransplantation seems to be the only alternative for splenic tissue preservation. According to clinical and experimental studies, the splenic autotransplanted tissue present a similar structure to a normal spleen and preserve the splenic immune function. CONCLUSIONS: The high risk of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection, reduced the indication for total splenectomy, in trauma and several diseases. Prophylactic methods have been developed to minimize the effects of the sepsis. Several researches have been done to determine the immunocompetence of autogenous splenic grafts in response to bacteria invasion.

Bacterial Infections↗

PubMed2002

Bacterial clearance after total splenectomy and splenic autotransplantation in rats.

Wistar rats submitted to isolated total splenectomy or total splenectomy combined with splenic autotransplantation were inoculated with 99mtechnetium-labeled Escherichia coli. Measurement of isotope uptake in the organs of the mononuclear phagocytic system showed a greater bacterial bloodstream clearance in rats with splenic autotransplantation. Although uptake of bacteria in the spleen was higher in the control group, the number of bacteria remaining in the bloodstream did not differ between groups. These results indicate that splenic autotransplantation preserves the phagocytic function of the spleen.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Towards a Brazilian regimentation for use of animals in teaching and in scientific research].

PURPOSE: To describe the current situation of Brazilian regimentation for use of animals in teaching and in scientific research. METHODS: It was identified and discussed the legislation about the use of animals in teaching and in scientific research in Brazil and in Rio de Janeiro State. RESULTS: There is not an updated general and systematizing rule with focus on animal vivisection and experimentation, neither for didactic nor scientific purposes. The only specific law dates from 1979 and it was not regimented. More recent laws equate the practice of scientific experiments to the abuse acts and bad handling of animals, when exists alternative technology. In the city of Rio de Janeiro, vivisection practice and experimentation with animals in public veterinary institutions is forbidden since 2001. Currently, there is a substitutive in discussion at the Chamber of Deputies as a result of the evaluation of more recent law projects, representing an inestimable advance without however corresponding to a body of principles and directives that can adequately guide the question. CONCLUSION: In our country there is not regimentation for using animals in teaching and in scientific research. It becomes imperative to make lucid and realistic arrangements which can assure the continuity of the use of animals. The scientific community is ready to contribute to that purpose.

Animal Experimentation↗