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Biomedical subjects

S A Feig

Publications and source records attributed to S A Feig.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Prognostic factors of breast neoplasms detected on screening by mammography and physical examination.

A total of 183 neoplasms detected on screening women between the ages of 45 and 64 by mammography and physical examination were analyzed according to multiple histologic parameters. In general, tumors apparent only on mammography should be associcated with favorable long-term survival because of their early stage. These lesions had histologic features indicating significant potential for subsequent metastatic spread. This analysis strongly suggests that mammographic screening of asymptomatic women both above and below 50 years of age can substantially reduce breast cancer mortality.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Neonatal mononuclear cell metabolism: further evidence for diminished monocyte function in the neonate.

The metabolic capacity of neonatal monocytes was compared to the metabolic capacity of adult monocytes by two entirely different methods: the selective diminution of monocyte contamination of whole mononuclear cells and the isolation of relatively purified populations of monocytes. Monocyte removal from whole mononuclear cells produced a diminution in the pyruvate kinase (PK) activity (from 28.6 +/- 1.1 to 15.6 +/- 1.2 nmoles/min/10(7) cells) and an increase in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content (from 7.9 +/- 1.0 to 9.5 +/- 0.8 nmoles/10(7) cells) in adult cells. No change in PK activity (from 13.5 +/- 1.3 to 14.0 +/- 1.3) was observed in cord cells, but the ATP content of cord cells was higher after monocytes depletion (from 4.7 +/- 0.5 to 6.2 +- 0.7). The suggestion of metabolic vulnerability was confirmed by metabolic analysis of isolated adult and cord monocytes. The PK activity of adult monocytes was greater than that of cord monocytes (57 +/- 9 and 25 +/- 0.3, respectively) and the ATP content of adult monocytes (5.7 +/- 0.2) was greater than that of cord monocytes (2.3 +/- 0.1). The data confirm prior observations of diminished energy metabolism in neonatal mononucler cells and suggest that the metabolic perturbations may, in part, correlate with functional immaturity of the neonatal monocyte.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1979

Radiographic manifestations of bone marrow transplantation in children.

Radiographically detectable complications in 35 children after bone marrow transplant are reviewed. These complications are most frequently due to infection, chemoradiotherapeutic toxicity, and graft versus host disease (a transplant rejection phenomenon peculiar to bone marrow transplant patients). The pulmonary complications within the first 2 months are secondary to a form of interstitial lung disease. Interstitial lung disease has a strong correlation with graft versus host disease. Extrapulmonary visceral complications include hepatosplenomegaly, nephromegaly, and hemorrhagic cystitis. These are due to graft versus host disease, radiation, and chemotherapeutic toxicities, respectively. Sinusitis, cerebral atrophy, and intracerebral hematomas are less frequent complications. Osteoporosis due to steroids is the single most important osseous complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Pneumococcal infections after human bone-marrow transplantation.

Seven of 26 long-term survivors (greater than 7 months post-transplant) of bone-marrow transplantation developed penicillin-sensitive pneumococcal infections more than 7 months after transplantation. One patient had two infections. Six of eight infections were associated with pneumococcal bacteremia, and Streptococcus pneumoniae type 6A was isolated in three cases. Two infections were fatal. All patients had normal nematopoietic function, and none was receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The development of pneumococcal infection was significantly associated with males and with abnormally low or high serum IGG and IgM levels but not with graft-versus-host disease. Serum opsonic activity for S. pneumoniae type 6A was decreased in six of the seven patients when compared to normal pooled serum in an in-vitro bactericidal assay. Four of the six patients with impaired opsonic activity had low serum antibody levels for S. pneumoniae type 6A capsular polysaccharide, while the other two patients had low serum CH100 complement activity. Bone-marrow transplant recipients have an increased susceptibility to pneumococcal infections and should be evaluated for prophylactic penicillin or pneumococcal vaccination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Autotransplantation after in vitro immunotherapy of lymphoblastic leukemia.

We have used in vitro immunotherapy before autologous bone marrow transplantation for three patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Bone marrow was removed during remission, and mononuclear cells were separated by density-step centrifugation on Ficoll-Hypaque. The cells from each patient were treated with a heteroantiserum and complement to eliminate leukemic cells and were cryopreserved. Following chemotherapy and total body irradiation, the treated marrows were thawed and infused. All the patients showed positive evidence of returning marrow function before death. One patient who survived 4 months showed no evidence of leukemia at post mortem, and marrow sections demonstrated active hematopoiesis of all cell lines.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1978

Clinicopathologic correlations and significance of clinically occult mammary lesions.

Experience with 189 clinically occult, i.e., nonpalpable breast lesions is presented. The described technique of localization and excision all but guarantees removal of even the smallest radiographically suspicious findings with an inconspicuous incision and minimal breast deformity. The incidence of carcinoma encountered in these 189 biopsies is 27.5%. Axillary node metastases were present in less than 25% of the invasive nonpalpable cancers, approximately half of what might have been expected if the lesions had been discovered in the usual manner. There were no patients with axillary node metastases among those with in situ ductal or microinvasive ductal carcinomas. This implies a better prognosis and lower death rate from breast cancer in these patients. Screening programs employing mammography, designed to detect breast cancers in this pre-palpable stage, are encountered as a means of uncovering a higher proportion of such cancers at an earlier stage in their natural histories.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Tubular carcinoma of the breast. Mammographic appearance and pathological correlation.

Xeromammographic and pathological findings in 17 cases of tubular carcinoma of the breast are presented. No patients had axillary lymph node involvement. The mean lesion size was 0.95 cm. Thirteen lesions (76%) were clinically occult. Because of the characteristic histological pattern of infiltrative growth and marked desmoplasia, 81% (13/16) were seen on xeromammography as scirrhous masses, 19% (3/16) only as microcalcifications. None appeared as a well-circumscribed mass or poorly defined density.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Methaemoglobinaemia in the newborn infant.

Methaemoglobinaemia is a rare condition in which the haemoglobin iron is in the oxidized or ferric state and cannot reversibly bind oxygen. If severe, this condition leads to hypoxaemia and death. Methaemoglobinaemia may be acquired by exposure to oxidant drugs or chemicals. Alternatively, it may be inherited due either to a haemoglobinopathy, which renders the haem iron more susceptible to oxidation, or to a defect in the erythrocyte's enzymatic capacity to return methaemoglobin to the reduced state. Newborn infants have an increased risk of methaemoglobinaemia due to a normal transient deficiency of methaemoglobin reductase in neonatal erythrocytes and the increased tendency of fetal haemoglobin to assume the met-configuration. The clinical approach to the neonate with methaemoglobinaemia is no different from the approach to older patients. The need for therapy is dictated by the severity of hypoxic symptoms. Since the diagnosis is made simply and the treatment is effective, a high index of clinical suspicion may be potentially life-saving.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1977

The pathology of breast cancer detected by mass population screening.

Breast cancer was detected in 156 of 17,526 asymptomatic women, (8.9/1000), aged 45-64 years, screened by mammography, thermography, and physical examination, Twenty-six percent of 149 pathologically reviewed cases metastasized to axillary nodes. Thirty-six percent of tumors were in situ, minimally invasive, or low grade tubular carcinomas, none of which metastasized. Increased rates of detection were shown for intraductal and tubular types. Frankly invasive ductal and lobular carcinomas had a mean diameter of 2.3 cm., 46% of which had axillary lymph node metastases. Seventy-percent of these were to only one to three nodes, however. Multicentricity with intraductal and lobular carcinoma in situ was frequently observed. Metastatic potential was related to tumor size, degree of stromal invasion, lymphatic permeation, and histologic grade. Few histological parameters other than size could be considered favorable. Forty-two percent of tumors were not palpable, the majority being in situ, minimally invasive, and tubular types. Only five nonpalpable invasive carcinomas metastasized. While the initial results of mass screening appear favorable, prolonged follow-up is needed to determine its impact on the population at risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Experience with incompatible maternal donors for bone marrow transplantation.

Marrow transplantation in aplastic anemia and leukemia has generally been limited to siblings who have been histocompatible at both the serological (A and B) and lymphocyte determined (D or MLC) loci of the HLA system. We studied three male patients, two with aplastic anemia and one with acute myelogenous leukemia, who received transplants from their histoincompatible mothers. MLC studies between donors and recipients showed varying degrees of stimulation. Definite engraftment occurred in one patient and transient engraftment in another. Engraftment in the third patient could not be evaluated. In the patient with sustained engraftment, there was clinical evidence of severe graft versus host disease (GVHD) however, this was not substantiated by histologic findings. This preliminary study suggests that MLC incompatibility may be more of an indicator of the risk of GVHD than of bone marrow rejection. If more effective control of GVHD can be accomplished, marrow transplantation between MLC-reactive individuals may become feasible.

Adult↗