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Biomedical subjects

S A Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to S A Friedman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Circulating concentrations of fetal fibronectin do not reflect reduced trophoblastic invasion in preeclamptic pregnancies.

This prospective, nested, case-control study investigated whether maternal plasma fetal fibronectin reflects reduced trophoblastic invasion at 16 to 20 weeks in women who later have preeclampsia. Concentrations of fetal fibronectin were 8.7 +/- 2.6 micrograms/ml in women with preeclampsia and 8.1 +/- 2.5 micrograms/ml in matched controls (p greater than 0.5). These results are discussed.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1992

Venous occlusion secondary to subluxation of the shoulder--a case report.

This is the case report of an eighty-seven-year-old woman who was seen because of swelling of her left upper extremity and breast of one week's duration. She had a history of severe arthritis of the knees and had been wheelchair-bound for seven years. Venography showed compression of the cephalic vein and thrombosis of the distal basilic vein with extension into the axillary and subclavian veins. To the author's knowledge, this is the first case report of venous thrombosis in association with subluxation of the shoulder.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Prophylaxis of eclamptic seizures: current controversies.

Treatment of this pathophysiologically poorly understood disease is controversial. Despite this uncertainty, the goals of management of the patient with preeclampsia and eclampsia are diagnosis, stabilization, and delivery of the baby. Stabilization refers to both mother and fetus and should include the prevention of eclampsia or the recurrence of eclamptic seizures. There are empiric data supporting the use of magnesium sulfate for the management of preeclampsia and eclampsia in North America, but there are few data to support its efficacy as a classic anticonvulsant. Until controlled trials are completed, we suggest that magnesium sulfate continue to be used in preeclampsia, with the addition of established anticonvulsant medications when eclampsia occurs. Data on established antiepileptic drugs such as diazepam and phenytoin support their use in treating patients with eclamptic seizures. As stated in an earlier review, "in treating preeclampsia, magnesium sulfate therapy may have a role and may moderate factors leading to eclampsia. Whether magnesium sulfate therapy may have some as yet unproved effect on epileptogenic foci or seizure propagation is not the important issue for the physician caring for the eclamptic patient. Until adequately designed therapeutic trials are available, it is our opinion that treatment should be based on the use of anticonvulsant drugs of established efficacy in seizure control and prophylaxis (p. 1363)."

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1979

Antibiotic control in a municipal hospital.

The choice of an antibiotic for a patient is often a difficult decision. The clinician must contend with a bewildering variety of bacteria and use a number of expensive and toxic antimicrobial agents judiciously. To deal with the problems of excessive and inappropriate use, the medical staff of Coney Island Hospital established compulsory, prospective antibiotic control. Two years after initiation of this program, we analyzed changes in sensitivity patterns of hospital flora, physicians' prescribing habits and antibiotic use. A trend toward increasing resistance on the part of some Gram-negative isolates to certain beta-lactam antibiotics was noted. Antibiotic costs decreased an average of 38%, while prescribing skills improved.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Antibiotic action of N-methylthioformohydroxamate metal complexes.

The antibiotic activity of metal complexes of N-methylthioformohydroxamic acid against gram-negative Escherichia coli NIHJ and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus 209P was investigated. The kinetically labile, square-planar, divalent (Cu, Ni, and Pd) and octahedral, trivalent (Fe, Co, and Cr) complexes displayed activity, whereas the more inert platinum(II) or rhodium(III) complex displayed no activity, or activity only at elevated concentrations. The free ligand did not suppress the growth of the above organisms, and the sulfur atom of the ligand in its metal complexes appears crucial for activity. Uptake studies of radioactively labeled N-methylthioformohydroxamic acid, its nickel(II), platinum(II), iron(III), and rhodium(III) complexes were conducted in the Escherichia coli K-12 RW193 mutant, which is defective in the production of its native iron(III) transport agent, enterobactin. Uptake of (55)Fe or (63)Ni label from their metal complexes appeared to occur as free inorganic metal ions. The antibiotic activity of the iron(III) and nickel(II) complexes was not due merely to an enhanced accumulation of metal ions by the cell. Metal complexes of [(35)S]N-methylthioformohydroxamic acid enhanced the accumulation of (35)S label compared to that of the free ligand. The antibiotic activity and uptake data are discussed in terms of possible modes of action.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Kawasaki's disease appearing as erythema multiforme.

In 1967, Kawasaki reported an acute, febrile, mucocutaneous condition accompanied by swelling of cervical lymph nodes that affected infants and young children in Japan. He called it mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. We report here a case of Kawasaki's disease with characteristic findings that demonstrated a typical erythema multiforme rash. With the increased number of reported cases of Kawasaki's disease in the United States, it becomes increasingly important to differentiate the exanthem of Kawasaki's disease from early erythema multiforme.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

Arterial thrombosis in essential thrombocythemia.

The course of essential thrombocythemia has been observed in ten patients, ages 46 to 83, of whom nine were followed for a period of 4 months to 9 years. In contrast to the experience with essential thrombocythemia recorded in the literature, manifestations of arterial thrombosis were far more common than hemorrhage. In six of the ten patients, the presenting complaints were ascribable to incipient gangrene of the toes and several of these patients additionally developed occlusion of tibial and larger arteries while under our observation. All patients with incipient gangrene showed marked clinical improvement accompanying busulfan-induced reduction and normalization of the platelet count. Relapses in five patients after 2 to 87 months responded well to retreatment with busulfan. No patient has shown evolution to another myeloproliferative disorder. Essential thrombocythemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of occlusive arterial disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Initial characterization of hexose and hexitol phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferases of Staphylococcus aureus.

The phosphoenolpyruvate sugar phosphotransferases of Staphylococcus aureus were surveyed biochemically to determine substrate range, inducibility and constitutivity, and requirements for soluble sugar-specific proteins. The substrate range is similar to that of the phosphotransferases of enteric bacteria, but the staphylococcal mannose and sorbitol systems are very inefficient. In addition, S. qureus has phosphotransferase activities for lactose and sucrose. The systems tested fell into two broad classes. Sugars for which there was substantial constitutive activity (fructose, mannose, sucrose, and glucose and its nonmetabolized analogues) did not require sugar-specific soluble factors for phosphorylation. Only in the case of fructose did growth in the presence of these constitutive sugars induce the corresponding phosphotransferase activity to higher levels. Kinetic experiments with each of these constitutive sugars yielded biphasic Hofstee plots; i.e., the kinetics were not characteristic of single enzymes. Preliminary experiments suggest that sucrose phosphorylation may involve the glucose and/or fructose systems. Truly inducible sugar phosphotransferase systems represent a second class; those for lactose and mannitol are the only members thus far identified. These systems are absent from uninduced cells, require soluble sugar-specific factors, and exhibit linear Hofstee plots. Sorbitol is apparently transported very poorly by intact cells but is an inducer of the mannitol system; it is phosphorylated efficiently in vitro by extracts of cells grown on either hexitol, but is taken up by intact cells at 0.1% of the mannitol rate.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1976

Common manifestations of degenerative arterial disease.

The major focus of preventive medicine in the aged must be on the clinical consequences of peripheral arteriosclerosis rather than the disease process itself. Treating risk factors may be of some limited benefit. However, of most crucial importance is careful attention to premonitory symptoms and the state of the peripheral pulses including the abdominal aorta.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Raynaud's phenomenon in hypothyroidism.

Two patients with Raynaud's phenomenon were found to be hypothyroid and their symptoms disappeared with thyroid replacement therapy. Vascular reactivity studies in one patient demonstrated decreased vasomotor tone after therapy. Raynaud's phenomenon may be an expression of altered autonomic function in hypothyroidism.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of Candida endocarditis and arteritis.

A patient suffering from Candida endocarditis presented with a gangrenous foot. In addition to arterial embolism, occult mycotic aneurysms were found by arteriography. Clinical cure was achieved with a combination of chemotherapy and valvular débridement, but viable Candida persisted in an easily removable embolus. Occult peripheral vascular lesions may be a continuing source of Candida sepsis in some patients.

Adult↗