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Biomedical subjects

S A Kalashnikov

Publications and source records attributed to S A Kalashnikov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Features of radio wave tissue dissection in surgical practice].

Results of experimental and clinical investigations of using radioknife "Surgitron" for dissection and coagulation of tissues were compared. In 145 experiments the possibility to dissect different tissues (skin, muscles, fascia) and parenchymatous organs of the abdominal cavity was studied. The specific course of reparative processes was analyzed at different periods after operation. In clinical conditions the radioknife was used for operative interventions on 520 patients: in 91 cases the device was used for dissection and coagulation of hollow organs and in 73 cases--of parenchymatous organs of the abdominal cavity, in 356 patients radioknife was used for plastic operations. The radioknife "Surgitron" was established to be very good for dissection of tissues. The coagulating effect was weak. The zone of undesirable lateral necrosis was negligible, and often it was absent that makes favorable conditions for the reparative processes. On the basis of clinical and experimental investigations it was established that using radioknife "Surgitron" is indicated and expedient in plastic and esthetic surgery because it is in this field where the positive properties of radiowave action can have maximal realization taking into account the requirements of the means and quality of dissection of tissues.

Dissection↗
PubMed2001

[Idiopathic portal hypertension].

The authors present a report of 14 patients with the syndrome of portal hypertension without liver cirrhosis and with recurring esophagogastric bleedings. The cause of the alterations in portal hemodynamics remains unknown. Operative treatments (splenorenal shunts in 9 cases, 3 splenectomies and 1 ligation of the splenic artery) were successful. Two patients in whom splenectomy had been performed in combination with omentohepatopexy died 6 and 10 years after operation due to recurrent hemorrhages. The other patients did not have recurrent bleedings, but in 6 patients 6-10 years after splenorenal shunts there appeared other diseases (encephalopathy, nephrolithiasis, arterial hypertension, duodenal ulcer). The authors consider that indications for shunting operations for idiopathic portal hypertension, especially when using renal veins, should be determined more carefully, phlebosclerotic therapy and transsection of the esophagus being recommended as alternative interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[The diagnosis and surgical treatment of nonepithelial stomach tumors].

The work analyzes clinical manifestations, diagnosis and surgical treatment of nonepithelial tumors in 117 patients. Difficulties of the pre- and intraoperative diagnosing, especially of differentiation of the benign character of the process are shown. The timeliness and the correct volume of surgical interventions are responsible for sufficient effectiveness of treatment, especially in patients with malignant tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The diagnosis and treatment of hormonally inactive adrenal formations].

Under analysis are results of an examination of 56 patients with hormonally non-active tumors of the adrenals, 48 of them were operated upon. In 20 patients (35%) they had clinical manifestations, 16 patients (28%) had an elevated level of the 17-HCS and 17-CS excretion in the 24-hours urine. Morphological investigations of the tumors in 20 patients have revealed clear cell adenomas of the cortical layer of the adrenal, in 19 patients--tumoral cysts, in 3 patients--true cysts, in 1 case-myelolipoma, in 1 case--ganglioneuromyelolipoma, in 4 cases--hormonally non-active carcinomas of the adrenal cortex. The authors propose to designate the new formations described as hormonally non-active tumors of the adrenals. In view of the absence of absolute methods for the identification of malignancy of the tumors the operative treatment of them is proposed.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1993

[The hemodynamic characteristics of mother and fetus in EPH gestosis].

Maternal and fetal hemodynamics was examined by echocardiography and dopplerometry in 104 pregnant women with EPH [correction of OPH] gestosis of various severity and in 30 women with a normal course of pregnancy in the third trimester. A relationship between incidence and severity of the detected hemodynamic disorders and severity of gestosis clinical manifestations was revealed. Renal blood flow disorders were detected at earlier stages of EPH [correction of OPH] gestosis than deterioration of uteroplacental and fetoplacental hemodynamics. Central hemodynamics parameters were more stable. The detected changes in uteroplacental circulation were less liable to positive dynamic shifts under the effect of therapy than those in the fetoplacental component. Hence, dopplerometric parameters of hemodynamics may serve the criteria of therapy efficacy, and the critical condition of fetoplacental blood flow dictates the necessity of an urgent delivery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Sudden death after an operation for gall stones].

During 10 years 3000 patients were operated upon for chronic calculous cholecystitis. Twenty of these patients died during 30 days after operation, in 16 of them death resulted from incompetence of the vital organs. Endotoxicosis and polyorganic insufficiency after technically correct operations for chronic calculous cholecystitis are thought by the authors to be a variant of anaerobic infection with possible development of sepsis.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1990

[The characteristics of the morphological changes in the gastric mucosa in duodenal peptic ulcer, ulcer recurrence after vagotomy and in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome].

Results of morphometry and count of certain kinds of endocrinocytes of gastric mucosa are analyzed. Pronounced proliferative alterations of the gastric mucosa were found with clear signs of the increased function of the structures responsible for acid gastric secretion. In part of the patients with ulcer disease of the duodenum there are considerable changes in the amount of certain kinds of endocrinocytes of the antral portion of the stomach, which form accumulations in the form of different fields and even focal zones. Such alterations in the gastric mucosa have correlative relationships with the level of acid gastric secretion.

APUD Cells↗
PubMed1990

[The pathogenesis of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome].

The paper discusses data on 48 cases of Zollinger-Ellison's syndrome. Surgery was performed in 45 patients and ulcerated tumor (UT) found in 32. Tumor was detected in the pancreas (17 cases), duodenum, stomach, liver and parapancreatic fat tissue. Multiple tumors were detected in 3 patients. Twenty-seven percent of UT were genuinely or suspiciously malignant. A histological and clinical classification of gastrin-secreting neoplasms is presented. Surgical treatment for Zollinger-Ellison's syndrome presenting with UT and the results of surgery are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of morphologic diagnosis of malignant transformation of chronic duodenal ulcer during its surgical treatment].

Under investigation were results of gastric biopsies, tissues of ulcers dissected during operation and findings of an analysis of preparations in paraffin sections. Findings of all the three diagnostic methods were shown to be completely identical in 63 patients (chronic ulcer in 54 of them, malignant ulcer--in 9). Errors took place in 17 patients. Causes of the errors are discussed. Practical recommendations are given.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the healing of wounds of the stomach, intestines and liver after exposure to the plasma scalpel].

Results of experimental application of plasma surgical device UMPR-20 in operations on the stomach, intestine and liver in acute and chronic experiments are described. Coagulating properties of the plasma jet were detected responsible for reliable hemostasis in dissection of the parenchymatous organs. As compared with other surgical devices (electroknife, ultrasonic scalpel, laser "Scalpel-1" device) the zone of injury of the underlying tissues is much less and makes up 0.2-0.3 mm. The plasma surgical device UMPR-20 has good prospects in using during operations on parenchymatous organs and for treatment of their injuries.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Malignant stomach ulcer].

The authors present data of the clinical X-ray and morphological diagnostics of malignant gastric ulcers revealed in 96 patients. The total number of patients with gastric ulcer operated upon was 642. The morphological findings may serve the only reliable criterium of malignancy. Results of the operative treatment of such a malignant ulcer of the stomach are dependent on the spread of malignant invasion in the gastric wall. Treatment of patients with the involved mucosa only gave 5-year survival in 89.5%. Spread of the malignant invasion throughout the whole thickness of the gastric wall--50.0%. In patients with metastases into lymph nodes (independent of the invasion into the gastric wall) 5-year survival made up 29.4%.

Adult↗