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Biomedical subjects

S A Kalashnikov

Publications and source records attributed to S A Kalashnikov.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Primary esophageal melanoma ].

Two cases of esophageal primary melanoma in females aged 63 and 68 years with nodular and lentiginous forms of growth are reported. The diagnosis was made intraoperatively and at autopsy, respectively. Morphogenetically, there were primary multiple non-simultaneous zones of tumor growth with the apposition growth as a form of tumor progression. Early stages of morphogenesis were characterized by atypical borderline melanocytic activity, melanoma in situ with a starting invasive growth being basic criteria for diagnosis of primary esophageal melanoma in examination of endoscopic and surgical material.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Detection of metals in human tissues by spectrum analysis].

Potentialities of spectrography experts were demonstrated to be helpful to the employees of patient-care facilities (expertise and research institutions) in solving a variety of burning issues by joint effort. Tissue samplings, hairs and daily urine were comparatively analyzed, by the example of using the low-friction hip arthroplasty by comochrome friction Protasu-21WF, for the content of microelements (ME) belonging to the hip endoprosthesis. We found that MEs (Co, Cr, Mo) are mostly discharged during the first year of endoprosthesis utilization, after which, a regular reduction of concentrations was noted. No exceeding norms were registered in any cases, which denotes a minimal wear of the friction pair.

Alloys↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Endocrine cells of the gastric mucosa in patients with duodenal ulcer after vagotomy].

Bioptates of the stomach mucous membrane (SMM) have been investigated in 169 patients suffering from duodenal ulcer (DU). According to the nocturnal gastric secretion test among them there are "hypersecretors" and persons with moderate elevation of acid formation. In conformity with the efficiency of the operative treatment among the patients examined, groups are defined: those with recurrent disease and those recovered after vagotomy. The DU endocrine apparatus undergoes both qualitative and quantitative alterations after vagotomy. When recovery after vagotomy takes place, the number of endocrine cells only slightly exceeds these parameters in the patients with a moderately manifested acid production. These alterations are adaptive. The recurrence of DU in patients with moderately manifested acid production before the operation can be explained by hyperplasia of G-cells. A high degree of hyperplasia of all elements of the endocrine apparatus in the "hypersecretors" can be one of the causes of the DU recurrence. The data about the state of G-, Ec- and EcL-cells before and after vagotomy can be used at prognostication the results of surgical treatment of patients with DU.

APUD Cells↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical characteristics of Itsenko-Cushing syndrome with various morphological changes in the adrenal cortex].

The frequency and nature of the main signs of Icenko-Cushing's syndrome were studied in 132 patients divided into 4 groups with relation to morphological changes in the adrenals. It was established that the peculiarities of morphological structure of the adrenals were not reflected in a clinical picture of disease. A more frequent development of some clinical manifestations of Icenko-Cushing's syndrome was noted in the group of patients with a significantly higher mean level of cortisol in the blood plasma. The test with 8 mg of dexamethasone for suppression of 17-OCS excreted with urine was not strictly specific for any stage of morphological changes in the adrenal cortex.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Similarity and differences of the pathogenesis of Itsenko-Cushing syndrome variants].

Proceeding from a study of the results of the investigation of 152 patients with Icenko-Cushing's syndrome the authors have arrived at the conclusion that hyperplasia, clear cell adenoma of monomorphous structure, dark cell and mixed adenomas of polymorphous structure, cancer of the adrenal cortex are different stages of a common pathological process. Such formation of morphological changes in the adrenal gland is one of the ways of development of Icenko-Cushing's syndrome. To confirm the proposed concept of the pathogenesis of this disease the authors provide some evidence of hyperplasia or the normal structure of nontumorous adrenocortical tissue in adenoma and cancer, of the absence of difference in a rise of the mean ACTH level in the blood in hyperplasia and different adrenocortical tumors. An increase in ACTH production in most of the patients should be regarded as one of the primary factors of the above morphological changes. The absence of suppression of 17-oxycorticosteroid excretion with urine in a test with 8 mg of dexamethasone in most of the patients with dark cell and mixed adenoma of polymorphous structure and adrenocortical cancer suggests a possibility of the development of certain autonomy of these neoplasms.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Problem of autonomy of adrenal cortex adenomas of different histological structures in Cushing's syndrome].

The authors analyzed the results of examination of 69 patients operated on for Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome (ICS); in 32 cases tumours of the adrenal cortex were revealed during the operation. Two histological forms of adenoma of the adrenal cortex were distinguished, i.e. adenomas of mono- and polymorphous structure. Increased background urinary excretion of 17-oxycorticosteroids (17-OCS) in patients with ICS suffering from tumours of polymorphous structure persisted at the former level or increased in the tests with 8 mg of dexamethazone (DMZ). The character of tests with 8 mg of DMZ in patients with ICS having adenomas of monomorphous structure was analogous to such in patients with ICS, but without any adrenal gland tumours--urinary 17-OCS excretion was either decreased or suppressed by 50 or more per cent of the initial level. A suggestion is put forward on functional dependence of the adrenal cortex of monomorphous structure on the hypothalamo-hypophysial control.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The arrest of hemorrhage in mechanical injuries to parenchymatous organs].

The work describes results of the application of a new highly effective hemostatic drug--Caprofer. The investigations were performed in 61 rabbits who were given graded injuries of the liver, kidney and spleen. In all the cases hemostasis made its appearance quickly within 1-20 sec. after the application of Caprofer. Reliability of hemostasis was checked by the method of hydropressure of the organs under study which was shown to be very high. Caprofer was used under clinical conditions in 61 patients in operations for traumas and diseases of the liver, kidney, spleen, gallbladder and in resection of the prostate. The results obtained speak of high efficiency of Caprofer for parenchymatous bleedings. Pronounced adhesive properties of the drug were noted as well as the absence of undesirable side effects.

Aminocaproic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphologic diagnosis of insulinoma].

Insulinoma diagnosis may be sometimes very difficult. Insulinomas and extra-tumor pancreatic tissue from 31 patients underwent combined macro- and microscopical investigation in order to find morphological changes important for the diagnosis. The silver impregnation of pancreatic islands according to Grimelius appeared to be most informative. Negative reaction in Langerhans islands shows the presence of insulinoma; positive Grimelius reaction makes the diagnosis of insulinoma doubtful.

Humans↗