Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S A Malik.
A female newborn probably with a variant form of galactosialidosis is described. The patient, in addition to the common findings seen in early infantile forms of classical galactosialidosis, displayed an unusual combination of congenital malformations including complex cyanotic congenital heart disease with dextrocardia and situs inversus.
To investigate the effects of illicit heroin abuse on the endocrine system a study was carried out in North West Frontier Province (NWFP) where heroin addiction is prevalent. Sixty-eight subjects were included in this study. Thirty-three were untreated heroin addicts visiting "drug abuse treatment centres" in Peshawar and 35 age matched normal males. Urine samples of all addicts showed the presence of morphine. The serum concentrations of testosterone (T) in addicts was 228 ng/ml, leutinizing hormone (LH) 10.7 mlU/ml and folical stimulating hormone (FSH) 4.9 mlU/ml whereas the corresponding values for control males were T 630 ng/ml, LH 14.3 mlU/ml and FSH mlU/ml, respectively. Heroin exerts a depletion effect on T and FSH levels in more or less all the groups studied irrespective of age, amount of heroin intake per day and period of contact with heroin. LH levels remained affected and are within clinically accepted normal range.
A 10-year-old boy with Chediak-Higashi syndrome in accelerated phase failed to respond to treatment with ascorbic acid, vincristine, and prednisone. Splenectomy resulted in clinical, hematologic, and immunologic improvement: his leukocyte chemotactic and phagocytic functions returned to normal. We suggest that splenectomy be considered in treatment of the accelerated phase of Chediak-Higashi syndrome unresponsive to other forms of therapy.
This is a prospective study of 500 consecutive patients having coronary artery bypass surgery; mean hospital charge from time of surgery to discharge was +11,900 +/- 12,700. Multiple regression analysis was performed using preoperative variables and postoperative complications. No preoperative clinical feature was a significant predictor of higher average charge. Sternal wound infection (p = 0.0001), respiratory failure (p = 0.0001) and left ventricular failure (p = 0.017) were associated with higher average hospital charge. The absence of any complication predicted a lower average charge, and postoperative death (4.4 +/- 4.5 days after surgery) was also associated with lower average charge. A cost equation was developed: hospital charge equalled $11,217 + $41,559 of sternal wound infection, + $28,756 for respiratory failure, + $5,186 for left ventricular failure, - $1,798 for no complication and - $6,019 for death. Recognition of the influence of complications on charges suggests that low average charges can only be achieved by surgical programs with a low complication rate.
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The effect of sub-lethal doses of Malathion and Methyl-parathion was studied on the rat liver enzymes. Intravenous administration of both insecticides at weekly interval for four weeks resulted in increase in heart and spleen weight. Short term (24 hr.) and long term (4 weeks) treatment with insecticides resulted in increased specific activities of liver enzymes, Acid phosphatase, Alkaline phosphatase, Glutamate dehydrogenase, Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and Glutamate pyruvate transaminase. The increase in enzyme activity was not as profound when the insecticide administration was spread over 4 weeks. Malathion had greater effect than Methyl-parathion on the biochemical parameters studied.
The effect of sub-lethal doses of Malathion and Methyl-Parathion was studied on the rat liver enzymes. Intravenous administration of both insecticides at weekly interval for four weeks resulted in increase in weight of various tissues, i.e., heart and spleen. Short term (24 hr) and long term (4 weeks) treatment with insecticides resulted in increased specific activities of liver enzymes, Acid phosphatase, Alkaline phosphatase, Glutamate dehydrogenase, Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and Glutamate pyruvate transaminase. The increase in enzyme activity was not as profound when the insecticide administration was spread over 4 weeks. Malathion had greater effect than Methyl-parathion on the biochemical parameters studied.
Phenotypes of slow and fast acetylators of isoniazid (INH) were determined in 157 subjects (80 normals and 77 patients with tuberculosis) from the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Plasma INH concentrations were determined chemically six hours after the drug ingestion. The findings indicate that 31.8% subjects were fast acetylators of the drug.
An improved method of ELISA for rabies post-vaccination antibody determination has been developed comparing adsorption properties of polystyrene beads and microtitre plates which were coated with different concentrations of rabies virus antigen. All 106 human post-vaccination serum samples tested were found repeatedly positive within the range of mean values (MV) from 1.4 to 43.0 international units (IU)/0.1 ml. The plates displayed much higher coefficient of variation (CV) when testing lower serum dilutions in different wells of the same plate. In higher dilutions, the sera with high and low antibody levels could easily be distinguished, the results corresponding well to those of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), with the exception of some negative sera also to those obtained by ELISA at the Institut Pasteur (Paris). The slightest CV occurred with a 1:400 serum dilution on beads, indicating that ELISA using beads as solid phase can be recommended as a rapid, sensitive and reliable technique for quantitative assay of rabies post-vaccination antibody.
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One hundred consecutive cases of cervicofacial sinuses are reviewed in terms of aetiology, diagnosis and subsequent management. One hundred and thirty-eight cases recorded in the world literature are reviewed for comparison.
Definite inherited defect in hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is not known. A new kindred with 3 definite and 6 suspected cases of HP was investigated for possible inherited abnormalities. No aminoaciduria (except for a slight rise in urinary histidine in one patient) and no hyperparathyroidism, hyperlipidemia, or chromosomal abnormality was present. An increase in serum IgM level of a polyclonal type was noted in 3 definitely affected sisters and also in 2 nonaffected members. Serum alpha-1-antitrypsin and serum trypsin inhibition were normal. However, very marked dilatation and ectasia of the pancreatic duct were found in the propositus. Reviewing the data from this family and previously described kindreds, it is postulated that the genetic abnormality in HP encompasses a wide variety of structural and anatomical defects in the sphincter of Oddi or the pancreatic ductal system. These predispose to intermittent obstruction of the duct with concomitant activation of enzymes and ductal metaplasia. In suspected cases an early effort should be made to outline the pancreatic duct as the defect may be amenable to surgery.
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