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Biomedical subjects

S A Pungavkar

Publications and source records attributed to S A Pungavkar.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic diagnosis of acute alcohol ingestion with hidden history.

Parenchymal changes within the brain in chronic alcoholics are well known, and specific MRI and MR spectroscopy findings have been described. However, recent alcohol ingestion goes undetected on routine MRI because of lack of specific parenchymal changes in the acute setting. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy can detect the presence of ethanol as a metabolite in the brain accurately and can provide valuable information regarding acute ingestion of alcohol. This may be useful especially in cases where history of alcohol ingestion is withheld.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: a study of six cases with MR findings and literature review.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is clinically characterized by orthostatic headache and other symptoms caused by low cerebrospinal fluid pressure due to leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from dural punctures or other medical causes. The other symptoms are mainly due to traction of the cranial and spinal nerves owing to descent of the brain caused by low cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Magnetic resonance imaging is very useful in the diagnosis because of its characteristic findings. We describe the MRI findings in six cases that had variable clinical presentation.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

MR spectroscopy-aided differentiation: "giant" extra-axial tuberculoma masquerading as meningioma.

Tuberculosis is common in the developing world and in developed nations secondary to increasing immunocompromise in the population. It commonly causes meningitis and parenchymal tuberculomas. We present a case of an unusual masslike "giant" extra-axial tuberculoma during pregnancy. Unusual morphology and size at imaging made meningioma a close differential. MR spectroscopy served to complement MR imaging, providing diagnostic confirmation and depicted findings characteristic of a tuberculoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Multiple hemangiomas involving the vertebral column.

Hemangiomas are benign, slow-growing skeletal and soft tissue tumors that commonly involve the bony spine. When found in the spine, they are usually asymptomatic, but can sometimes be associated with local pain and/or neurological deficits. We report the case of a middle-aged Indian male with multiple hemangiomas involving almost all the vertebrae contiguously from C2 to S1 vertebral levels. These were discovered incidentally when a magnetic resonance scan was performed for backache. To the best of our knowledge, such extensive involvement of the spine has not been reported previously.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Bilateral optic pathway glioma with intracranial calcification: magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings.

Optic nerve glioma is the most common primary neoplasm of the optic nerve in childhood. It can extend intracranially along the optic pathway (optic pathway glioma). The lesion tends to present with decreased visual acuity in the affected eye, but can cause additional symptoms when it is large. Local involvement within the orbit can be characterized using CT, but MRI is superior in showing the intracranial extent of the lesion. Intracranial calcification in optic pathway glioma is rare. We present a rare case of optic pathway glioma with calcification in the intracranial component. Also, we describe MR spectroscopy (MRS) findings in this case.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed2005

Ultrafast MRI in the prenatal diagnosis of Bourneville's tuberous sclerosis.

The purpose of this report is to highlight the utility of prenatal MRI as an adjunctive imaging modality in the diagnosis and prognosis of Tuberous Sclerosis (TS) (Bourneville's disease). We report a case of TS detected in utero at 30 weeks gestation. A routine ultrasonography at 26 weeks in a 28-year-old primigravida was followed by an ultrafast MRI examination at 30 weeks gestation. Ultrasound raised the possibility of TS based on the detection of multiple cardiac rhabdomyomas. Fetal MRI, subsequently performed, showed the presence of cortical tubers and subependymal nodules establishing the diagnosis. Fetal MRI in the appropriate clinical setting can be potentially invaluable and can have important prognostic implications.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

An imaging study of body composition including lipodeposition pattern in a patient of familial partial lipodystrophy (Dunnigan type).

Familial Partial Lipodystrophy, Dunnigan type (FPLD), is characterised by loss of subcutaneous fat from the limbs and an excessive accumulation of fat on the neck, shoulder girdle and face. Affected individuals have insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and early cardiovascular events. Body composition (BC) with details of adipose tissue distribution were studied by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ina heterozygote for the FPLD mutation LMNA R482W, and in an age, sex and body mass index (BMI) matched normal control. DEXA revealed a marked decrease in total as well as regional fat percentage in the patient compared to a normal control. Marked reductions in subcutaneous fat in the extremities with substantial lipodeposition in the nape of the neck were confirmed with. MRI. The importance of increased perinephric, retroperitoneal and intermuscular fat in the thighs found in this patient, needs to be explored vis-à-vis the pathogenesis of insulin resistance found in FPLD.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2000

Extensive gliomas of visual tract in a patient of neurofibromatosis-I.

Although bilateral optic nerve gliomas are commonly found in patients with neurofibromatosis I, extensive gliomas involving the entire visual tracts, bilaterally are relatively rare. Usually the optic radiations are spared. We report a case of a 2-year-old child with extensive disease of bilateral visual pathways with involvement of the hypothalamus manifesting as obesity.

Child, Preschool↗