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Biomedical subjects

S A Ryan

Publications and source records attributed to S A Ryan.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

The adolescent child health and illness profile. A population-based measure of health.

This study was designed to test the reliability and validity of an instrument to assess adolescent health status. Reliability and validity were examined by administration to adolescents (ages 11-17 years) in eight schools in two urban areas, one area in Appalachia, and one area in the rural South. Integrity of the domains and subdomains and construct validity were tested in all areas. Test/retest stability, criterion validity, and convergent and discriminant validity were tested in the two urban areas. Iterative testing has resulted in the final form of the CHIP-AE (Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition) having 6 domains with 20 subdomains. The domains are Discomfort, Disorders, Satisfaction with Health, Achievement (of age-appropriate social roles), Risks, and Resilience. Tested aspects of reliability and validity have achieved acceptable levels for all retained subdomains. The CHIP-AE in its current form is suitable for assessing the health status of populations and subpopulations of adolescents. Evidence from test-retest stability analyses suggests that the CHIP-AE also can be used to assess changes occurring over time or in response to health services interventions targeted at groups of adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The association between interdisciplinary collaboration and patient outcomes in a medical intensive care unit.

We prospectively studied the relationship between interdisciplinary collaboration and patient outcomes in the medical intensive care unit (MICU) using nurses' and residents' reports of amount of collaboration involved in making decisions about transferring patients from the MICU to a unit with a less intense level of care. Either readmission to the MICU or death was considered a negative patient outcome. Nurses' reports of collaboration were significantly (p = 0.02) and positively associated with patient outcome, controlling for severity of illness. Patient predicted risk of negative outcome decreased from 16%, when the nurse reported no collaboration in decision making, to 5% when the process was fully collaborative. There was an interaction of collaboration with availability of alternative choices in the transfer decision-making situation. When alternatives were available, collaboration was more strongly associated with patient outcome. There was no significant relationship between residents' reports of collaboration and patient outcomes. The correlation between amount of collaboration reported by nurses and residents about the same decisions was quite low (r = 0.10).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Expertise: the basis for expert system development.

Expert systems in nursing are developed with traditional knowledge engineering techniques. These techniques focus on the behavior and logic of the expert, not qualities of expertise. Expertise has been described but not explained. This article proposes a theoretical framework for the study of expertise that can be used to facilitate the development of expert systems.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1990

The nursing shortage: dynamics and solutions. A new decade of leadership. From vision to reality.

New leadership must move our health delivery system from one that is too costly and declining in quality to one that is less bureaucratic and less procedurally and hierarchically dominant. Changing demographics, with increasing needs of the elderly, disabled, and chronically ill, will require a delivery system focused on the community. Emerging models of leadership will require more collaboration and coalitions, more cooperation and shared resources, and creative incentives for highly motivated self-management at decentralized levels.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1985

An expert system for nursing practice. Clinical decision support.

An artificial-intelligence-based nursing knowledge base can serve as an expert clinical decision support system in the areas of standards of care, care plans, continuing education, and others for patient conditions with both medical and nursing diagnoses.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ICU nurse-physician collaboration & nursing satisfaction.

ICU nurses who are satisfied with their work are more likely to be retained, leading to institutional cost savings. In this study, higher levels of nurse-physician collaboration in making decisions about patient care were found to be very important to nurses' satisfaction.

Decision Making↗