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Biomedical subjects

S A Sinclair

Publications and source records attributed to S A Sinclair.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Merkel cell carcinoma can be distinguished from metastatic small cell carcinoma using antibodies to cytokeratin 20 and thyroid transcription factor 1.

AIM: To investigate whether immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is useful in distinguishing Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) from metastatic small cell carcinomas (SCCs). METHODS: Eleven cases of MCC and 10 of lung SCC were stained for CK20 and TTF-1. RESULTS: Ten of 11 MCCs stained with the antibody to CK20. None was positive for TTF-1. No SCC stained with anti-CK20 and all stained strongly with anti-TTF-1. CONCLUSIONS: The use of both anti-CK20 and anti-TTF-1 can reliably distinguish between MCC and metastatic SCC, thus avoiding the need for a detailed clinical investigation of patients with MCC in whom metastatic SCC must be excluded.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1998

Angiosarcoma arising in a chronically lymphoedematous leg.

Cutaneous angiosarcoma is a rare aggressive tumour of capillary and lymphatic endothelial cell origin. It presents as multiple purple and red papules and nodules on the head and neck or the extremities. We report an 86-year-old woman with angiosarcoma arising on her chronically lymphoedematous right leg. The lymphoedema, secondary to chronic immobility, had developed gradually over 40 years. No other family members had lymphoedema. The patient presented with a plaque of friable tumour tissue on the lower right leg and dorsum of the foot, and satellite lesions on the knee and groin which initially appeared to be petechial haemorrhages. The satellite lesions in the groin grew into tumour nodules. There was no evidence of a preceding malignancy, nor any operative intervention to the affected limb or abdomen. Histological examination of all tumour specimens revealed moderately to poorly differentiated angiosarcoma. She died within 5 months of the first appearance of the skin nodules.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Sun protection provided by ladies stockings.

Bowen's disease, squamous and basal cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma occur more frequently on the lower leg of women compared with men, presumably because of increased solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure as a consequence of dress. While it is apparent from simple observation that stockings are transparent to light, systematic data on UV transmission through stockings are lacking. The purpose of this study was to measure the spectral transmission of UVR through a range of thickness and colours of plain-knit ladies stockings, and to use these data to calculate the sun protection factor (SPF). We found that SPFs increased from about 1.5 to 3.0 for black stockings ranging from 10 to 40 denier; there were statistically significant differences in SPFs with colour (higher for darker colours) and site (higher at the distal calf than at the proximal calf); and for every colour and denier of stocking tested, UVA and UVB were absorbed equally. We conclude that the most popular type of stocking (15 denier) provides an SPF of less than 2, and that women who require photoprotection to the legs be advised to wear trousers or at least a 40 denier stocking.

Clothing↗
PubMed1997

Necrolytic migratory erythema and zinc deficiency.

Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) is an uncommon condition classically associated with high plasma levels of circulating glucagon and a glucagonoma. We report a patient with cirrhosis who showed clinical and histological features of NME. Investigation revealed normal glucagon levels without evidence of glucagonoma. Serum zinc levels were below the normal range and zinc supplementation resulted in rapid and complete resolution of the eruption.

Erythema↗