Biomedical subjects

S A Siuniakov

Publications and source records attributed to S A Siuniakov.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Aphobazol--new selective anxyolytic drug].

A standardized clinical and pharmacological trial of the peculiarities of action and efficacy of aphobazol, a new anxyolytic with non-benzodiazepine structure, has been conducted. An effect of the drug on different anxiety disorders has been studied. It is shown that combined anxyolytic and activating action exerted the main effect. The best efficacy of aphobazol was found in anxiety disorders of "simple" structure. In more complicated anxiety disorders, aphobazol efficacy depended on the correlation between clinical appearances of deeper registers and anxiety affect. The best results have been achieved in patients with acute anxiety-phobic disorders, in the structure of which sensible anxiety with episodes of generalization, dominating vivid ideas, sensibly saturated phobias with pronounced autonomic disorders and senestalgias prevailed. In case of chronic disease course, with formation of more inert, "complex" in structure and deep by register psychopathological disorders (cognitive character of anxiety, appearances of agoraphobia and avoidance behavior, heteronomous body sensations and hypochondriac activity), the efficacy of aphobazol treatment was significantly lower. In this case a therapy combined with selective inhibitors of serotonin reuptake and neuroleptics is needed.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Therapeutic action and efficiency of fevarin (fluvoxamine) in patients with non-psychotic anxious and apathic-adynamic depressions].

10 patients with anxious and 10 patients with apathic-adynamic depressions were treated with fevarin. The efficiency of the drug and its influence on the psychopathologic structure were evaluated according to some scales. It was established that therapeutic action of fevarin manifests from the 1st week of therapy in patients with anxious depressions due to its anxiolytic properties. In apathic-adynamic depressions the reduction of the symptoms was revealed by the 3-4 week of the therapy. The antidepressive effect of fevarin was retarded and didn't depend on the structure of the depression. Higher efficiency of the drug in patients with anxious depressions was explained by combination of thymoanaleptic and anxiolytic effects. The results of the study demonstrate a perspective of fevarin in therapy of anxious and apathic-adynamic depressions.

Anxiety Disorders↗

PubMed2000

["Fast" and "slow" components of psychotropic activity of the drugs with nootropic effects].

A clinical-pharmacological study was carried out to evaluate correlation of "fast" (nonspecific) and "slow" (specific) components of the action of the drugs with nootropic properties (piracetam, mexidol, tanacan) and to estimate their contribution to achieving therapeutic efficacy. The study was performed during 28 days using standard quantitative assay techniques in 79 patients with "Organic emotional-liable (asthenic) disorders" (F06.6, ICD-10). It was found that "fast" component of the psychotropic action of the drugs tested was presented by stimulating and anxiolytic effects, while a "slow" one--by specific nootropic activity. All these effects were fully independent with no correlation found, and this could, probably, be attributed to different mechanisms of their realization. It is shown that nootropic activity of piracetam was most significant in its therapeutic effect; and anxiolytic effect was most important for mexidol action. Meanwhile, stimulating and anxiolytic activities as well as positive influence on long-term memory were main components of tanacan effect. The results obtained show an important role of both specific and nonspecific ("fast") effects in realization of therapeutic action of the drugs with nootropic effects in patients with cognitive-mnestic and neurosis-like disorders.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

[Late manic-depressive psychosis manifested by an endoreactive depression syndrome].

Among 140 patients with psychogenically induced depressive states first developing in old age the author identified a group of patients (n = 33) whose clinical picture of depressive disturbances was determined by a combination of reactive and endogenic features and corresponded to the description of the so-called endoreactive depressions. Four successive stages in their development are described. On the basis of analysis of the mechanisms of the development of these depressions, their clinico-psychopathologic structure, follow-up and constitutional-genetic data, these diseases have been referred to borderline forms of manic-depressive psychosis. It is suggested that the premorbid structure of the personality of the studied patients is the expression of the constitutional-genetic predisposition for affective disturbances while its premanifest time-course may be considered as a latent stage of the disease development.

Adjustment Disorders↗

PubMed1987

[Activation of lipid peroxidation in the bodies of schizophrenic and manic-depressive patients].

The intensity of lipid peroxidation was studied in schizophrenic and manic-depressive patients. Peroxidation was found to be activated in these diseases as assessed by the content of peroxidation products in the lipid fraction of blood plasma. Manic-depressive patients showed a significant decrease in the intensity of peroxidation processes with improvement in the clinical symptoms of the disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

[Constitutional-genetic characteristics of families of probands with late endogenous depressions].

The paper describes premorbid features of patients with late endogenous depressions and presents relevant genealogical data. Schizophrenic psychoses which were constantly found in these families were most thoroughly studied. These studies demonstrated intrafamial similarities of mental disorders, despite the presence of different disease entities in probands and their relatives with schizophrenia. The assumption is made on the affinity of some of the studied late endogenous psychoses to a constitutional-genetic predisposition to schizophrenia.

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗

PubMed1977

[Refining the indications for atropine-coma therapy].

Atropine-comatose therapy was performed in 18 patients with schizophrenia and disorders in the framework of an obsessive-syndrome. Improvement was seen in 11 of the 18 patients. A psychopathological analysis of obsessive disorders in this group of patients demonstrated that they were characterized by manifold traits, instability, abstract content of obsessions, a tendency towards their complication and expansion of obsessional disturbances. The absence of any effect was seen in 7 of the cases. They were characterized by montony, monomorphism, everday content and by their structure were near to constitutionally conditioned psychasthenic doubtfulness.

Atropine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical study of the selective anxiolytic agent afobazol].

A standard clinical trial including pharmaco-EEG investigation of the new selective anxiolytic afobazole was performed on a group of 30 patients with anxiety and anxious-asthenic disorders and premorbid individual asthenic profile traits. Afobazole exhibits the anxiolytic action with an activating component in the absence of sedative and myorelaxant effects. The clinical trial results confirmed good prospects of using the experimentally validated pharmacogenetic concept of anxioselectivity as a methodological approach to the design of new drugs possessing selective anxiolytic properties.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of tanakan on psychophysiological status of patients with asthenic disorders].

A clinical pharmacological 56-day trial was devoted to the effect of tanakan on the psychophysiological state of 26 patients with psychogenic and post-traumatic asthenic disorders. The drug was found to produce a positive effect on the psychophysiological state, with most pronounced improvement in the attention characteristics, short-term visual memory, operational component, and integral operator performance index. The results confirmed the positive action of tanakan on the cognitive and mnestic functions, which is analogous to the effect of nootropes. The antiasthenic, anxiolytic, antiamnesic, and vegetotropic components in the pharmacological spectrum of tanakan correlate with the positive psychophysiological effects. It is shown that positive changes in the psychophysiological state play an important role in the complex therapeutic action of tanakan in the treatment of asthenic disorders.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Pilot clinical trial of ladasten].

The psychotropic actibn and efficacy of ladasten, a new psychostimulant with anxiolitic activity, was studied in a standard clinical trial involving therapy of patients with psychogenic asthenic disorder. Ladasten exhibits a unique combination of therapeutically significant stimulant and anxiolytic effects, which is unusual of psychostimulants. At the same time, the results of ladasten action upon single administration on the dynamics of psychopatological disorders and psychological self-test indexes show that the psychostimulant action is predominating. The established combination of the psychostimulant and anxiolytic effects of ladasten is optimal for the therapy of patients with psychogenic asthenic disorders. Ladasten shows high efficacy in the treatment of these disorders testify and has good prospects for practical application.

Adamantane↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The therapeutic efficacy and the effect of gidazepam and fenazepam on the psychophysiological status and on the performance of operators with mental disorders at a neurotic level].

The effect of placebo and gidazepam on the state, psychophysiological predictors of the quality of the operator's performance and its results in individuals with neurotic reactions was studied (test dose 20 mg 7-day course, 40 mg daily, 24 individuals), as well as the effect of gidazepam and phenazepam (42 individuals with neurotic and neurosis-like states; gidazepam test doses 20 and 50 mg, 14-day course, 40 and 100 mg daily; phenazepam test doses 0.5 and 1 mg, 14-day course, daily dose 2 mg). The generally accepted methods of clinical and psychophysiological examination were applied. Gidazepam in the doses under study did not yield to phenazepam in therapeutic activity. A single and a course administration of gidazepam improved the parameters of the psychophysiological state and the efficacy of the operator performance in patients with neurotic reactions and in those with neurotic and neurosis-like states. This makes it possible, whenever necessary, to recommend this drug for the treatment of the indicated disorders in the working operators.

Adult↗