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S A Wise

Publications and source records attributed to S A Wise.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Evaluation of reversed-phase liquid chromatographic columns for recovery and selectivity of selected carotenoids.

Sixty commercially available and five experimental liquid chromatography columns were evaluated for the separation and recovery of seven carotenoid compounds. Methanol- and acetonitrile-based solvents (either straight or modified with ethyl acetate or tetrahydrofuran) were compared to determine which solvent systems and which columns provided better selectivity and recovery. Methanol-based solvents typically provided higher recoveries than did acetonitrile-based solvents. Polymeric C18 phases generally provided better selectivity for the difficult separation of lutein and zeaxanthin than did monomeric C18 phases.

Carotenoids↗
PubMed1987

Acetaminophen prophylaxis of adverse reactions following vaccination of infants with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus toxoids-polio vaccine.

The effect of acetaminophen on reducing the frequency and severity of adverse reactions following diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus toxoids-polio vaccine was studied in a randomized clinical trial involving 519 vaccinations in 383 infants 2 to 6 months of age and 70 infants 18 months of age. Significantly fewer local and systemic reactions were reported in acetaminophen-treated infants at 2 to 6 months of age. Acetaminophen also reduced the incidence of fever greater than 38.0 degrees C from 44% to 27%. Only 0.9% of acetaminophen-treated infants had overall behavioral changes rated as severe by parents compared to 13% of the placebo group. Infants vaccinated at 18 months of age had higher rates of systemic and local reactions than younger infants. Acetaminophen did not result in significant reductions in reaction rates after the booster at 18 months. We conclude that acetaminophen administered at the time of primary vaccination with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus toxoids-polio can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of common adverse reactions.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alaskan marine mammal tissue archival project.

A project to establish an archive of Alaskan marine mammal tissues was conceived in 1987 to be a part of the National Biomonitoring Specimen Bank (NBSB). Protocols and field collection of marine mammals, long-term storage, and analysis are summarized in this paper. Instrumental neutron activation analysis has been used for an initial evaluation of trace element content in samples of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) from the Pribilof Islands. The findings agree with previously observed trace element levels in northern fur seals. The archived specimens can be used in future studies when comparison of past and present pollution levels are needed.

Alaska↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Standard reference materials for chemical and biological studies of complex environmental samples.

Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are often used in methods development and interlaboratory comparison studies since they are homogeneous and readily available to the scientific community. SRM 1649 (urban dust/organics), SRM 1650 (diesel particulate matter), and SRM 1597 (complex mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from coal tar) are three environmental samples which have been used by the scientific community for these purposes. These SRMs were originally developed to assist laboratories in validating analytical procedures for the determination of polycyclic organic compounds in complex mixtures. In addition, these SRMs have been valuable for the comparison of methodologies for bacterial bioassays and the development of bioassay-directed fractionation and bioassay-directed chemical analysis techniques. Most recently these SRMs were chosen for use as test samples in a collaborative study coordinated by the World Health Organization--International Programme on Chemical Safety. This paper provides a summary of much of the work to date (published and unpublished) on the chemical and biological characterization of these three SRMs. Information regarding the availability of other NIST SRMs that might be useful for these types of studies are provided also.

Air Pollutants↗