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Biomedical subjects

S A Zabelinskiĭ

Publications and source records attributed to S A Zabelinskiĭ.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Combined effect of environmental temperature and trematodes on fatty acids composition of lipids of Littorina saxatilis (Olivi 1792) (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia)].

An effect of environmental temperatures and invasion by helminthes larvae on fatty acids composition of digestive gland lipids of marine littoral gastropod Littorina saxatilis from White Sea and Barents Sea was investigated. We have compared gastropods from boreal and subarctic populations. It was found that gastropods from waters of lower temperature have increased omega3/omega6 fatty acids ratio. However, saturation index of individual membrane phospholipids was not affected. Also, content of eicosenoic acid (20:1) in individual phospholipids was not affected by temperature. Invasion increases the omega3/omega6 ratio of common lipids but not the omega3/omega6 ratio of common and individual phospholipids with the exception of phosphatidilcholine of cold water mollusks from Barents Sea that had this ratio doubled. In contrast to temperature, invasion affects the content of eicosenoic acid that was increased in the investigated organs. Adaptability of these effects is discussed regarding parasite-host system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Post-irradiation changes in the content of phospholipids and cyclic nucleotides in the mouse brain].

The effect of ionizing radiation (5, 20, 100, 200 and 400 Gy) on the content of phospholipids and cyclic nucleotides in the brain tissue has been studied in experiments on albino mice. During the development of evident behavioural disturbances in irradiated mice (2 h after irradiation with doses 100-400 Gy), significant changes were observed in the content of phosphatidylinositides and cyclic GMP. These changes may account for disturbances in the function of the central nervous system during cerebral forms of acute radiation injury.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Respiratory organ lipids in fishes and mammals. A model representation of the area of the lipid component].

Studies have been made on lipid composition of the gills in 19 species of fishes and of the lungs in 8 mammalian species. It was shown that the arbitrary "unit fragment" of the lipid component of the respiratory organs in all the investigated animals exhibits similar qualitative composition, but contains different quantity of lipid molecules, i. e. approximately 19 in fishes and 42 in mammals. Theoretical conformational analysis revealed predominant conformations of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin and cholesterol; projections of these molecules on the surface which is parallel to membrane surface were composed. It was shown that projectional areas for the main phospholipid molecules differ only by 2-3%. These data indicate that the surface of a model of the lipid component in the membranes of respiratory organs in mammals is twice larger than in fishes. These differences presumably account for more effective oxygen transfer in mammals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The brain phospholipids following the irradiation of animals at a high dosage].

In experiments with albino mice, rats and guinea pigs the effect of ionizing radiation (100 Gy) on brain phospholipids and their fatty acids has been investigated. Upon the development of manifest behavioural disturbances (2 h after irradiation) phospholipid molecules degrade insignificantly. Some changes in the relative content of phospholipids and their fatty acids are mainly found in the rat synaptosomal fraction: this may be responsible for the disturbances in the sensitivity of the receptor apparatus of cell membranes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Proteolipids of brain myelin and synaptosomes in the frog and hen].

Proteolipid complex of Folch-Lees has been obtained and purified from the myelin and synaptosomes of the brain of the frog Rana temporaria and hen Gallus domesticus. Relative content of this proteolipid and glycolipids in the myelin is almost twice higher, whereas that of phospholipids--1 1/2 times lower than in the synaptosomal membranes of the same animal. Protein content of this complex is higher for myelin than for synaptosomal membranes; opposite relation was found with respect to phospholipid content. Within this complex, lipids are presented mainly by phospholipids, especially by acid ones which amount to 30-60%. Proteolipid complexes fro the myelin and synaptosomes differ from each other by their lipid component. Myelin proteolipid complex contains mainly phosphatidylserine and phosphatid acid, whereas synaptosomal one--phosphatidylserine and diphosphatediglycerol. No significant differences were found in fatty acid composition of phospholipids from proteolipid complex from myelin and synaptosomes as compared to this composition in the initial membranes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Method of extracting brain proteolipids].

From the whole brain of animals representing 5 classes of vertebrates--mammals (Macaca rhesus and albino rat), birds (the pigeon Columba livia), reptiles (the tortoise Testudo horsfieldi), amphibians (the frog Rana temporaria) and fishes (the trout Salmo irideus), as well as from myelin preparations of mammals (dog, rabbit and rat) proteolipids have been isolated by emulsion--centrifugation method. It was shown that extraction procedure results in the loss and destruction of several proteolipid complexes. In all the animals investigated, the main loss (from 25 to 75% of all complexes) was observed during emulsion--centrifugation stage, especially during 10-min centrifugation at 200 g. During extraction of proteolipids from the whole brain, under the conditions employed, the lost proteolipids are presumably those which belong to the myelin fraction. To prevent excessive proteolipid loss, the final low speed centrifugation step should be avoided. It was shown that in order to obtain proteolipids in a soluble form in a mixture of chloroform and methanol, total proteolipids from the brain of mammals should contain not less than 27% of phospholipids. Studies were also made on the composition and relative content of phospholipids in proteolipids extracted from the whole mammalian brain and myelin preparations. With respect to phospholipid composition, proteolipids from the whole brain significantly differ from those obtained from myelin fraction. Myelin fraction, being itself rich in proteolipids, contain large amounts of phosphatidyl serine (up to 69); however, proteolipids of this fraction contain lower amounts (4%) of diphosphatidyl glycerol as compared to proteolipids from the whole brain (22%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Brain proteolipids in representatives of different vertebrate classes].

The Folch-Lees proteolipid complexes of different purity (crude proteolipids and relative pure proteolipids) were isolated from vertebrate brain: mammalia (Macaca irus, Macaca rhesus and white rat), birds (Columbia livia), reptilia (Testudo horsfieldi), amphibia (Rana temporaria) and fishes (Salmo irideus). The proteolipid complexes were isolated by emulsion-centrifugation method. The content of proteolipid protein (mg/g w. w.) correlates with the level of phylogenetic development of the animals studied. It is the highest in monkey brain (10.5 and 8.6 mg/g) and the lowest in fish brain (2.2 mg/g). The yield of proteolipids from the brains of animals studied shows the same pattern. Crude proteolipids of mammalia, birds and reptiles contain 40-50% of protein and 60-50% of lipids. The content of phospholipids is about 40%. Proteolipids of amphibia and fish brain contain less protein--about 30%. In the conditions of mild purification, the protein content in mammalia, birds and reptilia makes up about 70% and lipid content--about 30-35%. The crude and purified proteolipids in all the animals studied (as compared with the original lipid extracts from which they were isolated) are enriched in acid phospholipids: phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl inositol and diphosphatidyl glycerol. Acid phospholipids in total lipid extract make up 10-20% of total phospholipids, in crude proteolipids 16-32 and in purified proteolipids--56-75%. There are no marked differences between fatty acid composition of phospholipids in proteolipids and in the same phospholipids isolated from total lipid extract.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The possible role of fatty acids and their conformation in the realization of the respiratory function and in the adaptations of fish gill membranes and of mammalian lungs].

Fatty acid composition of major phospholipids has been studied in 12 fish and 7 mammalian species. Projections of the fatty acid pairs of these molecules on the plane parallel to the membrane surface have been computed. The projection area of two saturated acids was shown to look like the projection area of its "head", while substitution of one or two saturated acids to unsaturated ones increases the projection area 25%.

Adaptation, Physiological↗