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Biomedical subjects

S Akbar

Publications and source records attributed to S Akbar.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Effect of various pretreatments on the hypothermic activity of repin in naive rats.

Repin is a sesquiterpene lactone found in Centaurea solstitialis, a plant responsible for Parkinson-like disease in horses. Repin, on intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, produces a dose-dependent and highly significant hypothermia in naive rats. The hypothermia is long-lasting with a peak 3 h after the injection and a return to normal temperature after more than 8 h. The effects of atropine sulfate, atropine methylbromide, propranolol, metergoline, ketanserin, diphenhydramine and apomorphine pretreatment on repin-induced hypothermia were investigated. None of the pretreatments directly antagonized repin's hypothermic effect. However, partial but significant reversals of hypothermia by atropine sulfate, metergoline, ketanserin, diphenhydramine and apomorphine were observed 2-4 h after the repin injection. These late-onset effects are probably due to secondary physiological mechanisms. On the other hand, propranolol, at 20 mg/kg i.p., clearly accentuated both the early-onset (30-90 min) and late-onset (2-4 h) hypothermic effects of repin.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Lymphocyte sub-populations in a group of heroin addicts in Pakistan.

A study on a group of fifty heroin abusers was conducted to analyse their immunocompetence. Absolute numbers of lymphocytes and their sub-populations in the peripheral blood were used as the parameter. Sub-populations of lymphocytes were distinguished on the basis of their ability to form rosettes with sheep's erythrocytes. Another group of fifty individuals comprising non-abusers was studied as control. The mean values for total lymphocytes and the T-cells in non-abusers were within the expected normal range, while those obtained for the heroin abusers were below normal value. Difference between the cell counts of the two groups was statistically significant. The mean of non-rosetting cells of the two groups of population studied did not differ significantly. Results indicate a marked deficiency in the cellular immune compartment of the subjects with not much impairment of the humoral immune system. The chi-square test for independence between lymphocyte counts and drug abuse revealed a degree of association with 88% confidence.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of Cuscuta chinensis water extract on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced skin papillomas and carcinomas in mice.

Cuscuta chinensis, known as Aftimun, is reputed to have antitumour activity in the Unani system of medicine in India. The effect of a hot water extract of C. chinensis on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin papillomas and carcinomas in Swiss albino mice was studied. Oral administration of the extract (1 g/kg body wt) thrice a week in 22 mice, started on the tenth day after the first application of DMBA to the 252nd day, markedly delayed the appearance and retarded the growth of papillomas and the incidence of carcinoma, relative to a control group with 28 mice, in a two-stage system of tumorigenesis. Its prophylactic effect was found to be statistically significant.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1984

Nadolol in hypertensive patients maintained on long-term hemodialysis.

The pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of nadolol were evaluated in hypertensive patients maintained on long-term hemodialysis. In nine patients the plasma elimination half-life of unchanged nadolol averaged 26 hours following a single 40 mg oral dose during the interdialytic period. Nineteen patients received nadolol once after each dialysis session. In addition, 12 of the 19 patients also received hydralazine and/or furosemide daily. Predialysis blood pressures and heart rates were significantly lower with nadolol than with combination or single therapy with conventional antihypertensive drugs, including other beta blockers. Nadolol administered only after each dialysis session (i.e., two or three times a week), in conjunction with hydralazine and/or furosemide, is an effective antihypertensive agent in hypertensive patients receiving long-term hemodialysis.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗