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Biomedical subjects

S Aotsuka

Publications and source records attributed to S Aotsuka.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

A simple and rapid microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies to poly(ADP-ribose) in systemic lupus erythematosus.

A simple and rapid microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been developed for determination of anti-poly(ADP-ribose) antibodies in humans using a combination of protein A-alkaline phosphatase conjugates and poly(ADP-ribose)-coated polyvinyl microplates. After a 1-h treatment of the plates with 100 microliters of poly L-lysine (PLL) solution (50 micrograms/ml), an aliquot of the solution containing 100 ng poly(ADP-ribose) (50 microliters) was added to the PLL-treated plates and evaporated at 37 degrees C overnight to facilitate the adherence of poly(ADP-ribose) to the plates. Nonspecific binding of diluted test sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or from normal individuals to the PLL-coated plates was minimized by exposure of the plates for 1 h to Tris-buffered saline (pH 7.4) containing 0.01% bovine serum albumin (BSA). This method was also applicable to the determination of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies in humans. The present assay is advantageous over those reported so far as it saves time and antigen.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1982

Amylase in the thyroid gland.

Amylase activity detected in thyroid extracts was significantly higher than that of normal sera. A starch film technique revealed the existence of amylase activity in the follicular lumen and on the follicular epithelia. By electrophoretic analysis of thyroid extracts, 4 bands of amylase activity were observed, one being of the same mobility as parotid and the other 3 more anodic. Amylase extracted from the thyroid appeared in the same position as pancreatic or parotid amylase on Sephadex G75 gel filtration. The possibility is discussed that the thyroid may synthesize amylase of salivary type, which is secreted from the follicular epithelia into the follicular lumen, where it may be transformed into anionic forms.

Amylases↗
PubMed1982

Age-related changes in auto- and natural antibody in the Werner syndrome.

To assess the immunologic disturbance in WErner syndrome, antibodies to "intrinsic" (auto)antigens (anti-DNA antibodies and rheumatoid factors) and "natural" antibodies to "extrinsic" antigens (hemagglutinins for sheep red cells and antibodies against ABO blood type antigens) were measured in serum samples from 16 patients with Werner syndrome and compared with those from 150 healthy persons ranging in age from less than a year to 98. Employing a sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay, we found that the levels of both anti-double-stranded and anti-single-stranded DNA antibodies in the IgG class gradually increased with age in normal donors; a more abrupt increase with age was observed in those with Werner syndrome, although they lacked any complication of renal disease and hypocomplementemia. The titers of rheumatoid factor detected by sensitized sheep cell agglutination also gradually rose in normal persons and patients with Werner syndrome. In contrast, the titers of natural antibodies declined with age in both groups. These disturbances in antibody production suggested that Werner syndrome expresses an accelerated form of aging in immunologic aspect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Anti-double strand (ds) DNA antibody formation by NZB/W (F1) spleen cells in a microculture system detected by solid phase radioimmunoassay.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay method was devised to detect mouse anti-double strand (ds) DNA antibody. This method could easily detect the anti-dsDNA antibody in 1 : 10,000 dilutions (1 unit) of pooled 9-10-month-old female NZB/W F1 sera. The sensitivity was about 10(3)- and 10(2)-fold higher than that of the modified Farr method and of the double antibody technique respectively. NZB/W mice developed high titer anti-dsDNA antibody as they grew older. Spleen cells brought to a microculture system using flat-bottomed polystyrene plates produced anti-dsDNA antibody clearly detectable by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Anti-dsDNA antibody produced in vitro (y units) was in close correlation with the anti-dsDNA antibody titer of the spleen donor (x units) (y = 4.8 X 10(-2) x -65, gamma = 0.94, P less than 0.001). A combination of the microculture system and solid-phase radioimmunoassay was recommended for the characterization of anti-dsDNA antibody-forming cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Measurement of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies in major immunoglobulin classes.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for quantitating anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies (anti-dsDNA) in IgG, IgM and IgA classes has been devised. A distinct feature of the method is an application of polystyrene tubes coated with poly-L-lysine, through which dsDNA could be bound firmly to a solid phase. Studies on patients' sea as well as normal sera revealed that anti-dsDNA was not qualitatively but quantitatively characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and that IgG anti-dsDNA levels correlated well with the disease activity.

Antibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anticalmodulin autoantibody in liver diseases: a new antibody against a cytoskeleton-related protein.

An ELISA has been developed for detection of auto-antibodies against calmodulin. There was a significantly increased frequency (63.1%) of autoantibodies against calmodulin in 103 patients with chronic liver diseases as compared to that (30%) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and to that (6.9%) of normal subjects (p less than 0.01). IgG autoantibodies against calmodulin were detected in the patients with acute hepatitis (37.9%), chronic liver disease (45.6%) and also in the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (30%). IgM autoantibodies against calmodulin were frequently found in patients with liver cirrhosis (52.2%), primary biliary cirrhosis (50%) and autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (38.7%), but rarely in patients with acute hepatitis (13.8%), chronic persistent hepatitis (9.5%) and systemic lupus erythematosus (0%). IgA autoantibodies against calmodulin were frequently found in liver cirrhosis (33.3%), primary biliary cirrhosis (42.9%) and autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (53.6%), but rarely in chronic persistent hepatitis (15.8%), chronic active hepatitis (14.3%) and systemic lupus erythematosus (0%). The occurrences of autoantibodies against calmodulin correlated neither with those of antismooth muscle antibody, antinuclear antibody and antimitochondrial antibody, nor with serum IgG concentrations. Autoantibodies against calmodulin did not cross-react with troponin, myosin light chain, calf thymus DNA and actin. The titer of autoantibodies against calmodulin was decreased by absorption of serum with calmodulin and the liver plasma membrane fraction. The immunoblotting experiment revealed the binding of autoantibodies against calmodulin to calmodulin. IgG fraction from a patient with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis inhibited the activation of phosphodiesterase by calmodulin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis and physiopathology of laryngeal deposits in autoimmune disease.

We report the clinical features and pathology of a previously unreported form of vocal fold disease seen in 4 patients, 3 of whom were diagnosed as autoimmune disease. The characteristic features of these lesions were found as bilateral transverse lesions in the mid portion of the vocal folds. The patients had dysphonia and diplophonia. Stroboscopic examinations showed 180-degree phase shifts between the anterior and posterior portion of the vocal folds. Case 1 had systemic lupus erythematosus, case 2 had Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and case 3 had progressive systemic sclerosis. Prior to the onset of hoarseness, autoimmune antibody titers were increased. These cases need differential diagnosis from vocal fold nodules and cysts. Two cases were recurrent after endoscopic surgery, 1 recurring 3 times. Glucocorticoid was effective in preventing the recurrence in the early phase. Recurrence may have occurred because the surgical strategy was the same as that used for vocal fold nodules or cysts.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increase of cytokine production by pulmonary artery endothelial cells induced by supernatants from monocytes stimulated with autoantibodies against U1-ribonucleoprotein.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the pathogenetic role of autoantibodies against U1-RNP (ribonucleoprotein) (anti-U1-RNP) in mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), we examined whether supernatants of monocytes which were stimulated with anti-U1-RNP could induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines by human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs). METHODS: Monocytes from MCTD patients (n = 11) and normal volunteers (n = 11) were stimulated with purified antibodies against U1-RNP or double-stranded DNA and their supernatants were added to cultures of HPAECs. Cell-associated cytokines were assayed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The supernatants of anti-U1-RNP-stimulated MCTD monocytes significantly up-regulated the cell-associated production of IL-1 alpha (p < 0.01) and IL-6 (p < 0.01) by HPAECs compared with their production by normal IgG-stimulated MCTD monocytes, whereas the cell-associated production of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha by HPAECs was not up-regulated. The supernatants of anti-U1-RNP-stimulated monocytes from normal volunteers similarly up-regulated the cell-associated production by HPAECs of IL-1 alpha (p < 0.01) and IL-6 (p < 0.01), but not of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha. Supernatants of monocytes stimulated with the F(ab')2 preparation of anti-U1-RNP antibodies enhanced the amounts of both Il-1 alpha and IL-6 associated with HPAECs almost as effectively as those stimulated with intact autoantibody molecules. Inhibition experiments employing specific anti-cytokine antibodies of anti-U1-RNP-stimulated monocyte supernatants suggested that soluble factors, including cytokines, in monocyte supernatants could enhance the cytokine association with HPAECs. CONCLUSION: Up-regulation by anti-U1-RNP autoantibodies of proinflammatory cytokines associated with vascular endothelial cells may play a role in the immunopathological processes leading to proliferative vasculopathy, a characteristic of MCTD.

Autoantibodies↗