Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S B Dowd.
This article explores the use of touch in patient care in radiology departments. Touch can work positively in many ways, however, radiologic technology articles have failed to explore its possibilities. This article reviews literature from other fields and describes how some authors view how touch can improve patient care.
Patient consent is an issue relevant to a variety of disciplines--law, ethics and communication. This paper will discuss consent in general, as well as how it specifically related to radiology departments and the roles of technologists and radiologists.
Universal precautions have been proposed by various organizations, and are now being enforced by the Department of Labor's Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). This article is designed to serve as a guide for the radiology manager in implementing universal precautions.
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Nursing science is increasingly gaining recognition. Witness the growing use by other disciplines of nursing's models and ideas. One example is the adoption of the Giger and Davidhizar Model of Transcultural Assessment by non-nursing disciplines to understand and address the needs of a pluralistic multicultural society. Below the authors describe a model to understand culturally diverse clients and show how health professions are using it to provide culturally competent care.
Diversity among healthcare students is increasing as the population of the United States changes in composition. Preparation of the culturally diverse healthcare student presents a challenge for recruitment, education, and retention. The problems of education can be ameliorated by a thorough assessment of the culturally diverse student using the Giger and Davidhizar model. The student should be assessed for differences by considering six interrelated factors: communication, space, time, social organization, environmental control, and biological variations. Understanding the differences that exist in these areas is a first step toward appreciating the diversity among people of varied cultures.
The case study method is a useful student-centered learning strategy that allows students to solve real-world problems in the safe environment of the classroom. The authors discuss the strengths and limitations of this method and strategies for developing and using case studies in the classroom.
Gout is a disease that often leads to gouty arthritis, an arthropathy caused by elevated serum uric acid. Bony changes are not usually seen until years after the first clinical symptoms. This article describes gout and gouty arthritis with special reference to radiographic changes associated with the disease.
The role of the surgical nurse has expanded to include a more significant role in patient education. Many crosscultural differences exist among patients. Nurses must assess for those differences that will affect educational needs and strategies. Communication elements, touching, personal space requirements, time orientation, and compliance all vary within cultural groups.
Rumors and gossip have long been popular topics in literature. Social scientists have even studied the topic and defined four main types of rumor: wish rumors; fear or bogey rumors; wedge-driving or aggressive rumors; and anticipatory rumors. In general, people believe rumor and gossip are synonymous. Rumormongering--the spreading of rumors--occurs among all cultures and types of people. Both men and women gossip and women's gossip is not more vindicative than men's, as is often thought. With such new means of communication as the Internet, transmitting rumor is possible beyond the traditional oral and written forms. Rumor is spread in both the higher and lower levels of an organization. Typically, disproving a rumor is more difficult than proving a rumor. The financial impact of a rumor must be considered also. If people believe, for example, that a radiology department does not have its act together or offers poor customer service, the department may lose revenue because people have lost confidence in it. Originally, the word gossip had positive implications. It referred to a family friend or the woman who delivered a child and announced the event to the community. Because well-intentioned gossip often turns into a damaging story, various approaches for stopping rumors have been identified. They include analyzing the grapevine, identifying the habitual spreaders of rumor and keeping employees informed. In most cases, a person of authority who provides facts can stop or at least slow down rumors spreading at the employee level.
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Most texts and studies analyzing risks and benefits of ionizing radiation use a "risk-comparison" method in which the benefits of ionizing radiation are not considered. This article describes a method designed to weigh both risks and benefits.
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The rapidly changing nature of allied health and radiologic technology education has negated much of the former role of the radiology administrator in radiologic technology education. This article attempts to define a meaningful role for the administrator in radiologic technology education.
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Radiography curricula generally do a good job of defining psychomotor and cognitive objectives, but a clear definition of the professional role of the radiographer is lacking. This article advances the thesis that the radiologic sciences must make caring a primary role of the radiographer as is the case in other health care professions.