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Biomedical subjects

S B Guss

Publications and source records attributed to S B Guss.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Cytokine therapy for arterial restenosis: inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia by gamma-interferon.

Inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia by gamma-interferon (gIFN) treatment was evaluated. Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 72) weighing 500 g underwent endothelial injury of the carotid artery using the previously described Fogarty catheter technique. Group I (controls, n = 8) received one phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection 24h before injury and every 24h thereafter for a total of eight injections. Groups II (n = 8) and III (n = 8) received daily injections of 200,000 units of gIFN according to the same schedule except that group III did not receive the preoperative dose. Animals were killed on postoperative day 14. Histologic sections were analyzed morphometrically and immunohistochemically. Both gIFN groups had a statistically significant 50% reduction of the cross-sectional area of the neointimal hyperplasia compared with that of the controls (P < 0.01). Cell replication analysis of smooth muscle cells in the media and neointima revealed no statistically significant difference between controls and gIFN-treated groups. Group IV consisted of 48 rats that were treated with either PBS or gIFN on a schedule similar to that of groups I and II. Animals were killed at frequent time intervals during the first 7 days after injury. Their arteries were analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically. The results confirm previous findings that gIFN reduces the development of neointimal hyperplasia following arterial injury. The results also indicate that smooth muscle cells restore their proliferative activity by 7 days after discontinuation of gIFN treatment. It is proposed that efficacy of gIFN can be enhanced by lengthening the period of treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Use and limitations of profiles in assessing health or nutritional status of dairy herds.

A number of factors limit the usefulness of blood or metabolic profiles. These include sampling problems, low correlations with nutrient intake, inconsistent patterns in disease, and difficulties in interpretation. Despite these limitations, profiles properly used may serve as an adjunct to more conventional technology in alleviating some dairy herd problems. Their use appears justified when feed analysis, ration evaluation, disease testing, and checks on management do not alleviate herd problems. Considerable potential for misuse of profiles exists due to the complexities of interpretation.

Anemia↗
PubMed1976

Human ventricular refractoriness. Effects of cycle length, pacing site and atropine.

The effective refractory period of the right ventricle (ERP-V) was measured in 27 patients during atrial or ventricular pacing using the ventricular extra stimulus method. Pacing was conducted with impulses of 1.5-2 times diastolic threshold. The ERP-V was directly related to the basic cycle length (BCL) although the ERP-V was always greater for atrial pacing than for ventricular pacing at a given BCL. The ratio ERP-V/BCL was greater at shorter cycle lengths indicating that a larger fraction of the cycle was refractory at faster heart rates. The ratio ERP-V/QT interval did not change over a range of BCLs, but the ratio was larger for atrial pacing (.77 +/- .05 SD) than for ventricular pacing (.60 +/- .05). Atropine (1 mg i.v.) was given to six patients. The drug did not affect the ERP-V in six of eleven determinations, prolonged ERP-V twice and shortened it slightly three times. Measurements were reproducible over an hour but varied at a given BCL when measured on separate days. Asymptomatic repetitive beating occurred in seven of 27 patients when the premature stimulus was within 20 msec of the ERP-V. The effective refractory period of the right ventricle in man can be determined reproducibly and with safety. Changes induced by various perturbations parallel results from in vitro single cell and myocardial studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Echocardiographic recognition of the mitral valve-posterior aortic wall relationship.

Aortic-mitral valve discontinuity has previously been described in double outlet right ventricle, endocardial cushion defect, single ventricle, tetralogy of Fallot, and prolapse of the mitral valve. We are reporting two additional examples of aortic-mitral valve discontinuity including 15 cases of gross left ventricular dilation and a case of acute pneumococcal bacterial endocarditis with a large subannular erosion. While nonspecific, aortic-mitral valve discontinuity is a clinically important sign that should be sought with slow-M-mode scanning and strip chart recording.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Coronary occlusion during coronary angiography.

Between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 1974, 2981 patients underwent coronary arteriography. Twelve acute coronary dissections or embolizations occurred, an incidence of 0.4%. The incidences of acute occlusions for the Sones and Judkins techniques were 0.19% (4/2077 studies) and 0.88% (8/940), respectively. No instance of acute occlusion has occurred during the past 490 studies performed by the Judkins technique. Eight patients with right coronary artery dissections or circumflex emboli were treated medically. All survived, but in seven a myocardial infarction evolved. Four patients underwent emergency saphenous venous bypass grafting because of refractory ventricular fibrillation (two patients) or because large amounts of myocardium were thought jeopardized (two patients). All patients in this group had interruption of flow supplying the left anterior descending coronary artery. Despite surgical intervention in less than three hours in all patients, survivors all sustained transmural myocardial infarctions. Three patients survived surgery and were discharged home.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1972

Porokeratosis.

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Humans↗