Biomedical subjects

S Bahrami

Publications and source records attributed to S Bahrami.

76 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanical properties of the lungs of posttraumatic rats are improved by including fat in total parenteral nutrition.

Posttraumatic lung failure is often associated with alterations in lung surfactant composition and function. Our previous studies with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) have shown the effect of fat supply on phospholipid composition in pulmonary surfactant. Consequently, we attempted to determine whether fat supply would also improve the functional properties of the lung and surfactant. After polytrauma consisting of laparotomy, hypovolemia, and a single femur fracture, the animals were fed only parenterally for 14 days. Two groups of rats were infused via the jugular vein with isocaloric (260 kcal/kg/day) and isonitrogenous (5.62 gN/kg/day) regimens. The nonprotein calories were given either as glucose alone or 30% of calories as fat. Lung function was assessed by measurement of static lung compliance and total lung capacity. Surfactant isolated from lavage fluid was evaluated by means of a Wilhelmy balance. In agreement with our previous studies, in which we obtained a higher level of saturated lecithin in the fat groups, we found significantly (p less than 0.05) increased compliance (2.93 +/- 0.54 ml/cm H2O/kg BW) in the fat group compared to the carbohydrate group (2.02 +/- 0.36 ml/cm H2O/kg BW). Furthermore, a significantly (p less than 0.05) elevated total lung capacity was noted in the fat group (32.60 +/- 3.90 vs 26.00 +/- 1.45 ml/kg BW). The relatively improved surface tension properties as expressed by stability index (S = 0.89 +/- 0.24 vs 0.66 +/- 0.22) and minimum surface tension (gamma min = 18.5 +/- 5.01 vs 20.75 +/- 2.81) is a characteristic change, and was seen in the fat group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Use of human diploid cell MRC-5, for production of measles and rubella virus vaccines.

A further attenuated strain of measles virus, called AIK strain, developed by Makino and his colleagues at the Kitasato Institute, Tokyo, was adapted to human diploid cells (HDC), MRC-5. In a field trial it was found that this strain initiates a low rate of clinical reactions and 100% seroconversion in vaccines. An attenuated strain of rubella virus, called Takahashi strain, isolated by Shishido at the National Institute of Health, Japan, was also adapted to HDC, MRC-5. Brief details of production of an experimental rubella vaccine are given. Up to 20 harvests of virus were made from each culture without any apparent alteration of diploid cells.

Cell Line↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Development of a diploid cell line from fetal calf lung for virus vaccine production.

Details of isolation and replication of a fetal calf diploid cell (FCDC) is given. From the karyological point of view, the fairly large number of chromosomes existing in metaphase spreads made counting rather tedious. Lack of practical classification was another problem which made reference to individual chromosomes difficult. By increasing the population doubling of this cell, a tendency of telocentric chromosomes to undergo centric fusion was observed. Susceptibility of FCDC to different viruses is described.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Early detection of anastomotic leaks after colorectal surgery by measuring endotoxin in the drainage fluid.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Early detection of anastomotic leaks after colorectal anastomosis is essential for adequate intervention to prevent peritonitis. We investigated whether the measurement of endotoxin (LPS) concentrations in the drainage has any value for the early detection of anastomotic leaks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty two patients with colorectal anastomosis were enrolled in this study, 3 developed clinically established signs of anastomotic leaks and 19 recovered without complications. LPS concentrations in the drainage, the total daily excreted LPS amounts, leukocyte and thrombocyte counts, plasma urea and creatinine, and body temperature were measured for up to 8 days after surgery and tested for their value to detect anastomotic leaks. RESULTS: LPS concentrations in the drainage fluid and daily excreted LPS amounts of patients with anastomotic leaks were significantly higher compared to the group without anastomotic leaks. On the third postoperative day, LPS concentrations ranged from 5270 to 6750 pg/ml in patients with anastomotic leaks and from 1 to 1848 pg/ml in patients without complications. Total daily excreted LPS amounts were 270-675 ng/day in patients with anastomotic leak and 0-92 ng/day in patients without anastomotic leaks. Both LPS-related parameters allowed reliable detection of anastomotic leaks on day 3 after surgery (Student's t-Test, p < 0.0005), while leukocyte and thrombocyte counts, plasma urea and creatinine, and body temperatures of both patient groups were not significantly different at any time (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: We found that the measurement of LPS concentrations in the drainage and the daily excreted LPS amount could be valuable parameters for the early detection of anastomotic leaks as early as on the third post-operative day.

Adult↗