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Biomedical subjects

S Begum

Publications and source records attributed to S Begum.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Association of ABO blood groups and vitiligo.

ABO blood group frequencies of 1000 vitiligo patients were studied and compared with those of blood donors and local population. The relative risk of O was significantly reduced in patients in comparison with blood donors but not with local population. This can possibly be explained by the well-known preference of O group donors in the blood bank. On a review of other studies it was felt that there may not be any real association of ABO blood groups with vitiligo.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant mothers and its transmission to infants.

Screening for serological markers of hepatitis B virus infection was done on 500 pregnant mothers. HBsAg, AntiHBs and HBeAg were done. HBsAg was positive in 3.6%, AntiHBs in 17.4% and HBeAg in 0.4% cases. The infants born to the asymptomatic HBsAg carrier mothers were followed up to 6 months to determine the vertical transmission of HBV infection. Rate of transmission of infection from HBsAg positive mothers to infants were 16.66% irrespective of HBeAg status, whereas it was nearly 100% in case of HBeAg positive mothers. All of the HBsAg positive infants developed the antigenemia between 3-6 months of age, supporting the hypothesis that intrapartum transmission is the major mode of vertical transmission.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of Vibrio cholerae O1 with the cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp., elucidated by polymerase chain reaction and transmission electron microscopy.

It has been hypothesized that Vibrio cholerae is an autochthonous flora of the estuarine and brackish water environment. Zooplankton and phytoplankton have been considered as possible reservoirs. The present study was carried out in microcosms to confirm the role of a cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp., as a reservoir of V. cholerae O1 using culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoelectron microscopy. Survival of culturable V. cholerae in microcosms was monitored by using tellurite taurocholate gelatin agar. Culturable V. cholerae were detected for up to 1 h in association with Anabaena sp. from a microcosm. However, viable but nonculturable (VBNC) V. cholerae O1 were detected for up to 25 months using PCR and immunoelectron microscopy. Results also showed that VBNC V. cholerae can multiply and maintain their progeny in the mucilaginous sheath of Anabaena sp. This is the first time that PCR and immunoelectron microscopy have been used to detect nonculturable V. cholerae in association with Anabaena sp. This study further clarifies the role of Anabaena sp. as a possible reservoir of cholera.

Anabaena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase: correlation with histologic grade, lymph node status and estrogen receptor expression in human breast cancer.

Nitric oxide is produced by several isoenzymes which are present in many different tissues. We have recently reported the presence of inducible nitric oxide synthase in a breast cancer cell line. The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in a series of human breast tumours. Immunohistochemical investigations demonstrated immunolabelling of tumour cells with the primary antibody, bovine endothelial anti-nitric oxide synthase. Although there was no correlation between eNOS staining and tumour size, there was a significant (p < 0.005) negative correlation (rho = -0.65) between the percentage of tumour cells staining positive for eNOS and the histologic grade of the tumour; there was also a significant (p < 0.05) negative correlation (rho = -0.40) between the percentage of tumour cells staining positive for eNOS and the number of positive lymph nodes. A significant (p < 0.005) positive correlation (rho = 0.63) between the percentage of tumour cells staining positive for eNOS and estrogen receptor (ER) expression by the tumour was also observed. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that eNOS is expressed by human breast tumours and that its presence negatively correlates with histologic grade and lymph node status and positively correlates with ER expression.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of 10-hydroxycamptothecin, delivered from locally injectable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres, in a murine human oral squamous cell carcinoma regression model.

This study investigated whether local delivery of 10-hydroxycamptothecin provides effective inductive chemotherapy as assessed by significant tumor reduction. Established tumorigenic human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells were used for these experiments. The experimental groups were comprised of: control (blank (no drug) poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres), intraperitoneal 10-hydroxycamptothecin delivery + blank microspheres, local bolus 10-hydroxycamptothecin + blank microspheres, and PLGA controlled-release microspheres. The 10-hydroxycamptothecin dose administered was 12 mg/kg (bolus-intraperitoneal, local) or controlled-release over 10 days. Regardless of delivery route, 10-hydroxycamptothecin significantly reduces tumor volume. However, PLGA microspheres provide significantly higher intratumor-drug concentrations (approximately 10 and 100 fold higher) relative to local bolus and intraperitoneal routes, respectively. Also, only the PLGA microspheres significantly reduced tumor weights. Camptothecin clinical applications are limited by drug inactivation at physiological pH and the need for sustained infusions. However, due to their acidic, camptothecin-stabilizing microclimate, PLGA microspheres could provide a novel delivery system for camptothecin-based induction chemotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Concurrence of sarcoidosis and systemic lupus erythematosus in three patients.

We present three cases of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and sarcoidosis. Although both of these conditions are thought to involve autoimmune mechanisms they occur together only rarely. Our cases suggest that their concurrence may be more common than previously thought, and raise issues regarding the management of patients with SLE. We discuss the possibility that these two diseases are either causally or mechanistically related.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection and characterization of circulating immune complexes in peptic ulcer.

BACKGROUND: Immunological factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer following the demonstration of autoantibodies against IgA in patients with this disease. We investigated whether circulating immune complexes were present in this condition, and what type of immunoglobulins were involved. METHODS: The sera of 37 patients with duodenal ulcer and 8 with gastric ulcer were tested for the presence of circulating immune complexes using the polyethylene glycol (PEG) assay and the results compared with those in 79 controls. The precipitate was dissociated and the levels of IgA, IgG and IgM estimated using the single radial immunodiffusion technique. Simultaneous estimation of these immunoglobulins in the serum was also done. Autoantibodies against IgA in the serum were tested using the ELISA test. RESULTS: Eleven patients (6 with duodenal ulcer and 5 with gastric ulcer) were found to have circulating immune complexes. The mean protein content of the PEG precipitates was significantly higher in patients than in control subjects (p < 0.001). The mean values of all the immunoglobulin isotypes were higher in patients than in controls. The IgA content in the PEG precipitates of positive cases was higher than that in control subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with peptic ulcer have circulating immune complexes which may interfere with normal immunoregulation.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗