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Biomedical subjects

S Bergman

Publications and source records attributed to S Bergman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The use of transcutaneous clonidine hydrochloride in the patient with diabetes mellitus and mild hypertension.

The effectiveness and safety of transdermally administered clonidine hydrochloride was assessed in 16 patients with type-II diabetes mellitus. This group of patients was chosen because of the frequent occurrence of hypertension in diabetic patients and potential problems with transdermal absorption of medication because of small vessel disease. A skin patch containing clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres TTS) was applied at weekly intervals after an appropriate placebo lead-in period. Satisfactory response to therapy was seen in 15 of the 16 patients. One patient developed a generalized skin rash and was withdrawn from the study. Correlation between change in diastolic blood pressure and plasma clonidine levels was noted. Of note was the absence of the usual side effects (drowsiness, dry mouth, etc.) seen with oral clonidine administration. This study thus highlights the success of transdermal clonidine therapy in controlling blood pressure in the mild hypertensive patient with diabetes mellitus.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

Detection of cell surface antigen in cancer of renal pelvis and ureter.

Thirty-five patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis or ureter of all stages and grades were studied for presence or absence of ABO(H) antigens utilizing an improved technique for staining and preserving the slides. Seventy per cent of the grade I tumors retained their antigens. Patients with antigen present had a longer duration of disease-free interval. Specific red cell adherence (SRCA) may predict the clinical course of patients with low-stage, low-grade transitional cell carcinomas and may be helpful in selecting patients for optimal therapy.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1982

Blood flow to oral tissues: and experimental study with enflurane, sodium nitroprusside, and nitroglycerin.

Hypotensive anesthesia is currently being used in oral and maxillofacial surgery to reduce blood loss and provide a relatively bloodless surgical field. Radioactively labeled microspheres were used to determine and compare the hemodynamic effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), nitroglycerin (NTG), and deep enflurane anesthesia on oral tissues during controlled hypotension when compared with controls. Sodium nitroprusside and NTG produced significant reductions in blood flow to the maxilla, mandible, and tongue, while deep enflurane anesthesia did not. In the masseter and suprahyoid muscles, increases in tissue blood flow were found with SNP and enflurane. Nitroglycerin produced no significant change in blood flow in the masseter and the suprahyoid. These results demonstrate that in spite of a similar cardiac index with all agents tested, local oral blood flow varied significantly with the different agents tested. These differences in tissue blood flow suggest that SNP and NTG may be preferable to deep enflurane anesthesia for maxillary osteotomies to achieve greater flow reduction and diminish blood loss.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1982

[The cost of gerontology - an attempt at international comparison (author's transl)].

Gerontology as an area of research, teaching, and practice, has developed into a costly "establishment" especially in the developed areas of the world in which there is a high percentage of elderly. Increasing amounts of money are invested in basic and applied research in aging although priority allocated to gerontology is still low when compared to other areas. The University gerontological establishment (Chairs in Gerontology and Geriatrics, Institutes, Centers etc.), has mushroomed in the USA, Europe and the developed areas of the world and its costs, though not exactly known, are growing. However, it is the gerontological practice which is the most costly of all as "graying budgets" of stages and the growing share of aging in GNP of the Western World are showing. Conflicting tendencies are discernible between the growing demands for further development of services and rising costs of care. The question to what extent will societies be able to expand or even to maintain the present investments in gerontological practice is a yet unanswered. On the other hand, the question must be asked what may be the cost of societies if such investments in the growing aging populations are not made by our societies.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Model for simulating cyclic variations in focal epileptogenic excitability.

During 0.2 to 1.0 Hz stimulation of an epileptogenic focus, the phenomenon of cyclic spike driving (CSD) occurs, wherein 20- to 40-sec active periods, in which each stimulus triggers an all-or-none interictal event (IE), alternate with quiet periods of similar duration, in which IE are not triggered. CSD was simulated by a model in which individual IE are followed by biphasic response functions which sum linearly to produce long-term oscillations of epileptogenic excitability relative to the IE triggering threshold. The model successfully simulates all of the major characteristics of experimentally induced CSD, including the effects of manipulating stimulus parameters. Results of the simulation provide clues as to the time course of mechanisms which control epileptogenic triggerability.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1980

Correlations between membrane viscosity, serum cholesterol, lymphocyte activation and aging in man.

Membrane microviscosity, serum cholesterol and lymphocyte stimulation in man were examined in relation to aging. A direct correlation was found between the mole ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids in the serum and the membrane microviscosity of the peripheral blood lymphocyte membranes, both of which increase progressively with age. The increase in membrane microviscosity with age is also concomitant with the decrease in response of the lymphocytes to concanavalin A stimulation. The data suggest that increase in lymphocyte membrane microviscosity is a prominent factor which may lead to the overt reduction of proliferative responses of lymphocytes with aging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Nuclear scintigraphy and ultrasound in the diagnosis of congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction is well known. The traditional mainstay of diagnosis has been excretory urography. However, in the neonatal period ultrasound and renal scintigraphy should be the initial diagnostic procedures for this disease. Excretory urography may be tailored or eliminated using these 2 tests as guides. We report a case of bilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction diagnosed in utero and suggest a diagnostic study, stressing the liabilities of excretory urography in the neonate or young child.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Practical aspects of banking patient's semen for future artificial insemination.

The necessary information is provided for the urologist to answer the question, "Doctor, can I freeze my semen before surgery and use it later to impregnate my wife?" A listing of all semen banks presently storing homologous semen and registered with the American Association of Tissue Banks is presented. The methods used, ancillary tests that are done or recommended, and costs are provided. The logistics of arranging for deposits and withdrawals are also discussed.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1979

Analysis of the feasibility of storing human semen for future artificial insemination.

Patients about to undergo vasectomy, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, pelvic radiotherapy or chemotherapy frequently wish to store semen for future artificial insemination. The probability that this will result in a pregnancy is approximately 33% and the logistics are complicated. These problems are discussed and a cost analysis is presented. A list of semen banks presently storing homologous human semen and registered with the American Association of Tissue Banks also is presented.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1978

The cell surface antigen A, B or O(H) as an indicator of malignant potential in stage A bladder carcinoma: preliminary report.

The presence or absence of cell surface antigens (A,B and H) on the cell surface of bladder tumors has been studied. The major blood group antigens A, B or O(H) are present on normal bladder epithelium but are not present on some low grade and low stage papillary transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder. We have demonstrated that of 5 stage A bladder tumors that have not recurred in at least 5 years 3 retained the cell surface antigens, while tumors that have recurred locally, invaded or metastasized had lost these cell surface antigens on the original stage A tumor.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

The role of the radioimmunoassay of serum alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin in the intensive chemotherapy and surgery of metastatic testicular tumors.

Quantitative measurement of serum alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin by double antibody radioimmunoassays reflects the efficacy of surgical, radiation and/or chemotherapeutic regimens in patients with bulky disseminated testicular tumors. When these therapies are effective they produce an immediate decrease in serum levels of these markers that reflects the decrease in tumor size and could be as rapid as the catabolic decay rate for alpha-fetoprotein or human chorionic gonadotropin. The alpha subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin has a short half-life (20 minutes) and has been used for the first time to localize a recurrent metastatic testicular tumor. Cellular localization of these markers by immunochemical techniques has helped us to understand the natural history of this cancer and the cell types responsible for production of the markers.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Biodegradable ureteral grafts in dogs.

In six dogs, a segment of the right ureter was replaced by a tubular segment of poly [L(-) lactic acid], a new absorbable biomaterial, with the hope that the foreign body would be absorbed or dissolved after a new mucosally lined channel had formed. The dogs were followed with excretory urograms, blood urea nitrogens, and serum creatinines. Postoperatively, four of the six dogs had deteriorating or total loss of function of the right kidney by 8 months attributable to obstruction of the ureter by disintegrating implant.

Animals↗