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Biomedical subjects

S Berkowitz

Publications and source records attributed to S Berkowitz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Timing cleft palate closure--age should not be the sole determinant.

Attainment of normal speech, facial and palatal development, and dental occlusion is possible without compromising one objective for another. Although speech development may benefit from early palatal closure, there are instances when cleft closure should be postponed to a later age to permit conservative palatal surgery. Increase in palatal size with the spontaneous narrowing of the cleft space can occur early, late, or not at all, and, in rare instances, the cleft may even widen. Nonphysiological surgery causes facial and palatal maldevelopment by extensive undermining and displacement of mucoperiosteum, fracture of bone, or destruction of blood supply. To avoid these consequences, timing of palatal closure should be related to the anatomical and functional assets in the individual and not determined by age alone. Serial studies of 36 unilateral (UCLP) and 29 bilateral (BCLP) cleft lip and palate cases with good speech demonstrated that conservative palatal surgery is conducive to good speech as well as palate and facial development. Speech appliances may be necessary as an interim device after 2 years of age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

The use of cranial bone grafts in the closure of alveolar and anterior palatal clefts.

A method is described for harvesting cancellous bone from the diploic space. In our opinion, this is the material of choice for bone grafting alveolar clefts in the 7- to 11-year age group. The procedure could be performed at an earlier age if the maxillary segments are under orthopedic control and in proper alignment. Success of the procedure depends on proper orthodontic preparation of the maxillary segments and careful, complete closure of the soft tissues across the anterior palatal cleft, the nasal lining defect, and the anterior alveolus. Results have been encouraging in terms of bone formation, and tooth migration into the bone graft can be expected if there has been no damage to the dental sac. Closure of the alveolar defect at the time of the primary lip closure would preclude the eventual need for a bone graft, but it cannot be accomplished without early, precise alignment of the maxillary segments if extensive periosteal denudation is to be avoided. The age beyond which periosteal closure alone will be inadequate to provide sufficient bone formation and should be supplemented by a bone graft remains to be established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

An optical profilometer-a new instrument for the three dimensional measurement of cleft palate casts.

A technique is described for obtaining spatial characterization of three dimensional cleft palate surfaces using a noncontact optical profilometer. The operational design is discussed and an evaluation of the system is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of its use for the measurement of cleft palate casts. Measurement results are presented for several test surfaces and cleft palate casts. Accuracy in the X axis is +/- .79 mm., in the Y axis it is +/- 1.3 mm and in the Z axis +/- .46 mm.

Calibration↗
PubMed1979

Ocular changes in rabbits with corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension.

Rabbit eyes with steroid-induced ocular hypertension were investigated in order to evaluate the histochemical abnormalities in the chamber angle region. The right eye of 14 rabbits was treated by dexamethasone 1% 3 times daily for 3 to 5 weeks. The eyes were stained by haematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid Schiff, fibrin, colloidal iron, and alcian blue with and without hyaluronidase. All treated eyes developed elevated intraocular pressure up to 4 weeks after treatment. These globes showed alcian-blue-positive hyaluronidase-sensitive staining in the amorphous material adjacent to Schlemm's canal and in the cytoplasmic granules of trabecular endothelial cells. There was no increase in incorporation of radioactive thymidine into nuclei of endothelial cells as seen by autoradiography. These results provide further support for the idea that there is abnormal accumulation of acid mucopolysaccharides in the chamber angle in steroid-induced ocular hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a male metastatic to the choroid.

A rare metastatic choroidal tumor from primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a male is described. This tumor secreted gonadotrophins and showed the histopathologic characteristics of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cells. Early metastatic disease resulted in rapid death; the development of the choroidal metastatic lesion was diagnosed at autopsy.

Adult↗