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Biomedical subjects

S Bhargava

Publications and source records attributed to S Bhargava.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Bulbar representation of the 'water-nose' during Xenopus ontogeny.

Olfactory epithelium that is specialized for the detection of water-borne odors is located in different cranial cavities in larval and postmetamorphic Xenopus. Soybean agglutinin histochemistry reveals that both "water-noses' innervate only the ventral olfactory bulb (OB). This is evidence for a parcellation of the OB into a ventral portion mediating information on water-soluble odorants and a dorsal part that processes information on volatile substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Pseudocyst of the auricle: a new method of treatment.

Pseudocyst of the auricle is a condition where spontaneous serous fluid collection is seen on the lateral surface of the pinna. The aetiology of this condition is not known. Several methods of treatment have been advocated in the past. We report 10 cases of unilateral pseudocyst who were treated with aspiration and pressure dressing by a plaster of Paris cast over the pinna for two weeks.

Casts, Surgical↗
PubMed1996

Case report: tuberculosis of the parotid gland--diagnosis by CT.

A case of parenchymal and intraparotid lymph node tuberculosis is reported in a young Asian male. The diagnosis was suggested pre-operatively by the contrast enhanced CT (CECT) appearance. There were no systemic symptoms of tuberculosis and this is a characteristic feature of the 100 cases reported in the literature. The presence of thick walled rim enhancing lesions with a central lucency on CECT should suggest the diagnosis. Filling defects with or without thin walls are non-specific findings and are seen in tumours and other inflammatory processes. In an appropriate clinical setting, thick walled round rim enhancing lesions with a central lucency are characteristic of tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Burning sensation in the throat--should it be named caloripharyngeus?

A burning sensation in the throat is often complained of by patients, but this symptom has been neglected in the literature. To emphasize its importance, should we give the name 'caloripharyngeus' to the symptom of burning in the throat? A preliminary study of 30 patients with the sensation of burning in the throat is presented in this study. Of the patients studied 73.33 per cent had hyperacidity detected for the first time. Reflux was presented in only one patient; four patients showed oesophagitis in the lower one-third of the oesophagus; 90 per cent of the patients responded to antacids. We suggest that one of the causes of burning in the throat is a referred sensation due to hyperacidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Detection of inflammatory bowel disease in pediatric patients with technetium-99m-HMPAO-labeled leukocytes.

UNLABELLED: Technetium-99m-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte imaging is now an accepted technique in the assessment of adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but its role in pediatric patients has not been studied. METHODS: We evaluated the efficacy of 99mTc-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte imaging in 21 children. We studied 16 children with active IBD (4 ulcerative colitis, 10 Crohn's disease, 1 indeterminate colitis, 1 C-difficile) and 5 controls. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity for active bowel inflammation were excellent. The intensity of uptake noted in most patients rendered image interpretation easy and straightforward. The inclusion of a tail on detector (TOD) view and anterior standing view of the abdomen is important. All patients with ulcerative colitis showed rectosigmoid disease and no small bowel activity, whereas, all patients with Crohn's disease showed discontinuous uptake and often small bowel activity. It was therefore possible to differentiate ulcerative colitis from Crohn's disease on the basis of location and distribution. CONCLUSION: The 99mTc-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scan is an excellent technique for the detection, localization and characterization of IBD in children.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactive neurons in the brain of the tigerfrog, Rana tigrina.

The distribution of immunoreactive (ir) neurons containing corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is described in the brain of the tigerfrog, Rana tigrina. The olfactory bulb, medial pallium, nucleus of the diagonal band of Broca and medial area of the amygdala of the telencephalon showed ir-CRF perikarya. The anterior and ventromedial thalamic nuclei, and the magnocellular nucleus preopticus (NPO) revealed several ir cells; a few NPO neurons were cerebrospinal fluid contacting in nature. The nucleus hypothalamicus ventromedialis contained a few cells, but the nucleus infundibularis ventralis of the infundibulum revealed several diffusely distributed perikarya. Individual ir-CRF perikarya were visualized in the optic tectum and interpeduncular nucleus. Extensive fiber terminals were present in the median eminence, but no fibers were discerned either in the neural lobe or in the pituitary gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effect of tamoxifen, estradiol 17 beta on coenzymes NAD, NADPH and the metabolism of estradiol and estrone in rabbit uterus in vivo.

Biotransformation of estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) and the concentrations of NAD, NADPH and 17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase (E2DH) were measured in the uterus of rabbits treated with tamoxifen (Tam) in two doses; 100 micrograms/day, (Tam 100) and 500 micrograms/day, (Tam 500), E2 (10 micrograms/day) and combination of E2 + Tam 500 for 4 days. The concentration of NAD in Tam 500 treated group was significantly higher than E2, low dose Tam and E2 + Tam 500 treated groups (P < 0.01). The concentration of NAD in E2+ Tam 500 uteri was also significantly higher than E2 treated uteri. The concentration of NADPH was not significantly different from each other amongst the various treatment groups. The studies have shown that E2DH in E2 treated uteri was less than control and Tam 500 treated groups. A significant rise in the enzyme estradiol oxidoreductase (E2OR) activity (P < 0.02) was observed in E2 + Tam 500 treated uteri over control and other treated groups whereas high dose Tam decreased the E2OR activity significantly over the E2 treated group. The rate of conversion of E1 to E2 in Tam 500 treated group was significantly less than the other treatment groups except E2 + Tam 500 treated group (P < 0.04). This study showed that E2 decreases the uterine biosynthesis of NAD and E2DH and the biotransformation of E2 to E1, while high dose Tam increases uterine NAD, E2DH activity and E2 to E1 conversion.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Short term treatment of tamoxifen and estradiol on estradiol and progesterone receptors in rabbit uterus.

Effects of tamoxifen (Tam) on cytosolic estradiol (E2) receptors (ERc), progesterone (P4) receptors (PRc), nuclear estradiol (ERn) and progesterone receptors (PRn) were studied in adult normal rabbit uterine tissue. The ratio of cytosol: nuclear estradiol receptors (ER) was greater in rabbits treated with Tam than E2 or control uterine tissues. Rabbit uterine progesterone receptors (PR) in E2 treated animal were greater than Tam-treated animals. Tam caused nuclear accumulation of estradiol receptor, and simultaneous administration of E2 + Tam 500, estradiol could not revert Tam mediated accumulation of ER. The results suggest that Tam has an essentially antagonist action in the rabbit uterine tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Peripheral and renal vein renin activity in patients with renovascular hypertension due to nonspecific aortoarteritis.

The diagnostic utility of peripheral and renal vein renin estimations in relation to angiographic findings was evaluated in 13 patients with renovascular hypertension and non-specific aortoarteritis (NSAA, Gr I), in comparison with 10 patients with renal artery stenosis due to other causes (Gr II). Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured by radioimmunoassay. Blood samples were collected after angiography from the femoral vein and renal vein on the affected side followed by sampling from the less affected or unaffected side. Renal vein renin ratio (RVRR) was calculated from renal vein renin values. The effect of captopril (25 mg oral) on blood pressure, PRA, and RVRR was examined in 8 patients from each group. Normotensive volunteers (8) with moderately low salt intake were also included in the study for comparison of twenty-four-hour urinary sodium output, peripheral PRA, and response to captopril. The mean peripheral PRA was high in both groups as compared with normotensive controls; however, the values were lower in patients with NSAA. The rise in PRA in response to captopril was insignificant in Gr I (p greater than 0.05) and RVRR greater than 1.5 was observed in 5 of 13 patients in contrast to 9 of 10 in Gr II (p less than 0.05). A paradoxical ratio, ie, (high renal vein renin levels on the less stenotic side) was noticed in 3 patients of Gr I, whereas none of the patients of GR II showed such a ratio. An improvement in RVRR after captopril was observed in 50% of patients of Gr I as compared with a marked response in all patients of Gr II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: a computed tomography study.

Bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint is a disabling disease that almost invariably manifests itself in the first two decades of life. CT of the temporomandibular joints was performed in 50 patients--axial CT in 2 and coronal CT in 48--of whom 43 (86%) had received trauma to the joints. New bone of variable form and thickness was observed in 64 joints (the involvement was bilateral in 14 patients). These joints were classified into one of two categories: type I, medially angulated condyle with deformed articular fossa and a mild-to-moderate amount of new bone formation; and type II, no recognizable condyle or fossa but instead a large mass of new bone. Type I was etiology-specific and seen only when trauma was the antecedent, whereas type II was a sequelae of either insult. A pseudofracture in the new bone was seen in 49 (77%) joints. Six joints showed subtle deformities but no new bone. Since coronal CT fully characterizes the lesion at acceptable radiation exposure levels, it appears to be valuable in the preoperative workup of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

tRNA genes in mycobacteria: organization and molecular cloning.

DNAs from nine mycobacteria cleaved with restriction endonucleases were hybridized with cDNA probes synthesized to tRNAs from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis. The tRNA genes are conserved, but their gross genomic organization has diverged in six of the nine species examined. Organisms of the M. tuberculosis H37Ra and H37Rv-M. bovis BCG complex appeared to have identical tRNA gene organization and were indistinguishable from each other. M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis tRNA-derived cDNA probes hybridized differentially to tRNA-coding DNA segments in five of the species examined, suggesting the existence of qualitatively different tRNA pools in these slow- and fast-growing species. Mycobacterial DNAs hybridized with cDNA synthesized to 23S plus 16S rRNAs from Escherichia coli, and the data suggested that the tRNA genes map close to the rRNA genes. A gene bank of M. tuberculosis H37Rv DNA was constructed, and a recombinant plasmid, pSB2, coding for tRNA(s) and rRNA(s) was partially characterized. Plasmid pSB2 recognized a SalI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in M. tuberculosis H37Rv and H37Ra; however, the RFLP is not linked to the tRNA-coding region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an RFLP which distinguishes the pathogenic strain M. tuberculosis H37Rv from its avirulent derivative H37Ra.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1990

Transfer RNA genes in mycobacteria: organization and molecular cloning.

DNAs from nine mycobacterial species were cleaved with different restriction endonucleases and hybridized with cDNA probes synthesized to total transfer RNAs (tRNAs) from Mycobacterium smegmatis and M. tuberculosis. The hybridization data indicate that tRNA genes are conserved but their gross genomic organization has diverged in six of the nine species examined. Species of the MTB complex appeared to have identical tRNA gene organization. Hybridization with cDNAs synthesized to 23S plus 16S rRNAs from Escherichia coli indicate that the tRNA genes map near the rRNA genes. Recombinant plasmids, pSB1, pSB2, pSB4 and pSB8 encoding tRNA(s) and rRNA(s) were isolated from a gene bank of M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Using pSB2 as probe, a SalI RFLP was observed that distinguishes the virulent and avirulent strains of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and H37Ra, respectively.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1989

Lymphnode infarction and lymphoma.

Lymphnode infarction is seen in two sets of situations viz. spontaneous banal infarction of non-neoplastic nodes, and in association with lymphoma. It needs to be differentiated from other causes of lymphnode as a phenomenon occurring synchronous with and occasionally preceding diagnosis of lymphoma is significant.

Aged↗