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Biomedical subjects

S Bhat

Publications and source records attributed to S Bhat.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Elastic fibers in scar tissue.

The capacity of the skin to be stretched and to return to its resting position is correlated to the quantity and to the quality of the elastic fiber network. Although elastic fibers have been demonstrated in scars, the time course of their appearance in scars and their role in scar elasticity has not been elucidated. A study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the elastic fiber network in scars. The scars studied were from re-excision specimens following a biopsy performed for a benign or a malignant process. A total of 182 scars were evaluated in patients of different age groups. Miller's elastic tissue stain, considered to be superior to Verhoeff's van Giesen stain, was used. No elastic fibers were detected in any of 116 scars which were of less than 3 months' duration. In 66 scars present for over 3 months, a progressive increase in elastic fibers was present, first as focal and thin fibers, then as diffuse and thicker fibers. For scars of the same duration, a regional difference was noted in that scars from the back contained more and thicker elastic fibers than those from the cheek. When patients were stratified according to age, no appreciable difference was noted in the density of elastic fibers in both new and old scars between the different age groups. These results show that the synthesis of elastic tissue fibers in scars is a function of duration and site of the scar.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The effect of homosexual imagery in advertising on attitude toward the ad.

This study examines the differential impact that images in magazine advertising suggestive of either homosexuality or heterosexuality have on attitude toward the ad. Results support the hypothesis that homosexual imagery in advertising led to more positive attitude toward the ad among viewers more tolerant of homosexuality than among those less tolerant of homosexuality. Surprisingly, ads with heterosexual imagery were rated less favorably by viewers tolerant of homosexuality than by those less tolerant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Some comments on "Marketing to the homosexual (gay) market: a profile and strategy implications".

This article addresses some of the issues raised in the article "Marketing to the Homosexual (Gay) Market: A Profile and Strategy Implications." Strategic segmentation theory and practice suggest that segments should be based on consumers' responses or behaviors in relation to the marketer's product, thus calling into question the existence of a supposedly homogenous homosexual segment and the resultant profile of the average person in that segment.

Homosexuality, Male↗
PubMed1996

Primary psoas abscess--diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.

OBJECTIVE: To present our experience of the diagnosis and treatment of primary psoas abscess in India. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between July 1993 and December 1995, five men (aged 24-67 years) presented with suspected primary psoas abscess. All five patients had fever with or without rigors and upper/lower abdominal pain of varying duration (2-6 weeks). RESULTS: The presentation in all patients was conspicuous by the absence of the classical signs of limping and positive psoas symptoms. Computed tomography (CT) was the best method of diagnosis, being accurate in every case. Antibiotics alone (two patients), or in combination with percutaneous aspiration, were curative. CONCLUSIONS: This small series of five patients of primary psoas abscess was remarkable in that all the patients were men and three were elderly. The classical symptom of limping was absent in all. The urologist can be misled by loin pain and irritative lower urinary symptoms in the patients, resulting in a delay in diagnosis and management.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Isolation of four major subunits from Clostridium thermocellum cellulosome and their synergism in the hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose.

The cellulosome of Clostridium thermocellum, purified by affinity chromatography, was dissociated under mild conditions and separated by SDS-PAGE. Two major p-nitrophenylcellobiosidases (PNPCases I and II) corresponding to the S5 (103 kDa) and S8 (78 kDa) subunits and one major carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) coinciding with the S11 (60.5 kDa) subunit were isolated and characterized using carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), H3PO4-swollen cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides. Both PNPCases showed little effect on the viscosity of CMC and released twice as much total sugar as reducing sugar from H3PO4-swollen cellulose. The CMCase released ten times more total sugar than reducing sugar from H3PO4-swollen cellulose and reduced the viscosity of CMC rapidly. None of these enzymes was active on cellotriose. Both PNPCases released cellobiose from cellotetraose, and cellobiose and cellotriose from cellopentaose. In contrast, CMCase was active only on cellopentaose and released mainly glucose. Use of MeUmb(Glc)n revealed that both PNPCases cleaved preferentially either the second or fourth linkage from the non-reducing end while the CMCase was specific for the internal glycosidic bonds. Thus, the PNPCases and CMCase behaved as typical exo- and endoglucanases, respectively. When tested individually, all three enzymes degraded Avicel only to a small extent. A 1.5-2.0-fold increase in sugar release was observed when CMCase was combined with either PNPCase I, II or both. Combining S1 with either PNPCase II or CMCase resulted in fourfold synergism in the hydrolysis of Avicel. Synergism was sevenfold when all three enzymes were combined with S1.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1994

Benzopurpurin and related compounds inhibit the binding of gp120 to galactosyl ceramide/sulfatide and infection of human immunodeficiency virus.

In an attempt to find compounds capable of inhibiting the binding and infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in neural cells, we studied the effect of benzopurpurin and related compounds on the binding of gp120 to galactosyl ceramide (GalCer) and sulfatide. In this report, we show that the binding of gp120 to GalCer and sulfatide is inhibited by benzopurpurin and related compounds. These compounds also inhibit the binding and entry of HIV-1 to neural cell line, SK-N-MC. Binding studies indicate that benzopurpurin and related compounds bind to gp120. Studies involving related compounds indicate that the minimal structure required for the inhibition is two naphthalene rings with amine or sulfonic acids attached to a central biphenyl molecule by an azo group. This approach will be useful for screening of potential anti-HIV compounds.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1994

Liposarcoma of the posterior mediastinum in a child.

Liposarcoma is rare in children and rarely occurs in the posterior mediastinum in any age group. A massive intrathoracic tumor in a 17-year-old young man was a diagnostic dilemma; preoperative radiographic evaluation and biopsy led us to believe it was a teratoma. At operation, a poorly differentiated myxoid liposarcoma originating from the posterior mediastinum was found and excised. To our knowledge, this is the first liposarcoma of the posterior mediastinum reported in a patient less than 18 years old.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The galactosyl ceramide/sulfatide receptor binding region of HIV-1 gp120 maps to amino acids 206-275.

Our recent studies have indicated that galactosyl ceramide (GalCer) or sulfatide (sul) may serve as an alternate receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in neural cells. In this paper, we describe the mapping of GalCer/sul binding region of HIV env glycoprotein gp120. Deglycosylated gp120 binds to GalCer, suggesting that the amino acids of glycoprotein gp120 and not the carbohydrates are responsible for the observed binding. Specific regions of gp120 responsible for the binding were analyzed by using varying-length truncations of gp120 expressed in Escherichia coli and vaccinia virus. Purified recombinant gp120 containing amino acids 200-295 of gp120 bind to GalCer/sul, whereas recombinant env proteins that deleted this region did not bind. These recombinant proteins also bind to SK-N-MC-derived neuroblastoma cells, the binding of which is inhibited by anti-GalCer. In addition, 125I-labeled gp120 binding to GalCer is inhibited by these proteins. Studies using lysates containing truncated gp120 expressed in vaccinia virus also gave similar results. By eliminating the overlapping regions that do not bind, we conclude that the amino acids responsible for GalCer/sul binding reside between amino acids 206 and 275. The significance of this mapping is discussed in relation to the neurotropism of HIV.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

The influence of L-NG-nitro-arginine on sympathetic nerve induced contraction and noradrenaline release in the rat isolated anococcygeus muscle.

1. The possibility of an interaction between the motor sympathetic and inhibitory non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) nerves in the rat anococcygeus was investigated using L-NG-nitro-arginine (L-NOARG), an inhibitor of L-arginine: NO synthase. 2. L-NOARG (50 microM) increased contractions induced by field stimulation (20 s trains; 0.5-40 Hz); overall, the frequency-response curve was displaced six-fold to the left. D-NOARG (50 microM) was without effect. 3. The potentiation produced by L-NOARG was reversed by 200 microM L-, but not D-, arginine. 4. L-NOARG had no effect on contractions induced by exogenous noradrenaline (NA) or on field stimulation-induced overflow of tritium from muscles previously loaded with [3H]-NA. 5. It is concluded that the endogenous nitrate NANC transmitter does not influence release of NA from the sympathetic nerves and the potentiation of contractions induced by field stimulation in the presence of L-NOARG most probably results from removal of the opposing relaxing influence of concomitantly released NANC transmitter.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Alkyl cyanoacrylates as space filling bone adhesives.

Higher chained alkyl cyanoacrylates have potential to function efficiently as space filling, hydrophobic, viscoelastic, biocompatible, and rapidly polymerizing bone adhesives. Hence they may be useful in applications where a void has to be filled, such as replacement of the intervertebral disc. To assess their applicability as space filling material in such an application, three alkyl cyanoacrylates; methoxyethyl cyanoacrylate, isobutyl cyanoacrylate, and isoamyl cyanoacrylate have been evaluated in this study. The bonding strength of these cyanoacrylates to bone in a space filling situation have been measured. The results indicate the bond strength of isoamyl cyanoacrylate (0.13 MPa) to be significantly (p less than 0.05) lower compared with methoxyethyl cyanoacrylate (0.33 MPa) and isobutyl cyanoacrylate (0.37 MPa). There was no significant difference in the bond strengths of isobutyl cyanoacrylate and methoxyethyl cyanoacrylate.

Animals↗